组件的生命周期分成三个状态:
Mounting:已插入真实 DOM
Updating:正在被重新渲染
Unmounting:已移出真实 DOM
React 为每个状态都提供了两种处理函数,will 函数在进入状态之前调用,did 函数在进入状态之后调用,三种状态共计五种处理函数。
componentWillMount()
componentDidMount()
componentWillUpdate(object nextProps, object nextState)
componentDidUpdate(object prevProps, object prevState)
componentWillUnmount()
此外,React 还提供两种特殊状态的处理函数。
componentWillReceiveProps(object nextProps):已加载组件收到新的参数时调用
shouldComponentUpdate(object nextProps, object nextState):组件判断是否重新渲染时调用
var Hello = React.createClass({
getInitialState: function () {
return {
opacity: 1.0
};
},
componentDidMount: function () {
this.timer = setInterval(function () {
var opacity = this.state.opacity;
opacity -= .05;
if (opacity < 0.1) {
opacity = 1.0;
}
this.setState({
opacity: opacity
});
}.bind(this), 100);
},
render: function () {
return (
<div style={{opacity: this.state.opacity}}>
Hello {this.props.name}
</div>
);
}
});
ReactDOM.render(
<Hello name="world"/>,
document.body
);
AJAX
组件的数据来源,通常是通过 Ajax 请求从服务器获取,可以使用 componentDidMount 方法设置 Ajax 请求,等到请求成功,再用 this.setState 方法重新渲染 UI
var UserGist = React.createClass({
getInitialState: function() {
return {
username: '',
lastGistUrl: ''
};
},
componentDidMount: function() {
$.get(this.props.source, function(result) {
var lastGist = result[0];
if (this.isMounted()) {
this.setState({
username: lastGist.owner.login,
lastGistUrl: lastGist.html_url
});
}
}.bind(this));
},
render: function() {
return (
<div>
{this.state.username}'s last gist is <a href={this.state.lastGistUrl}>here</a>.
</div>
);
}
});
ReactDOM.render(
<UserGist source="https://api.github.com/users/octocat/gists" />,
document.getElementById('example')
);
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