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Android学习感悟之View事件体系

Android学习感悟之View事件体系

作者: arvinljw | 来源:发表于2017-05-16 15:56 被阅读0次

    简介

    本文包括:

    • View的事件体系;
    • ViewGroup的事件体系;

    View的事件体系

    View的事件体系,其实和View的绘制是同样的思想,都是自上而下,逐一调用,同样View和ViewGroup的调用也是有一些差别,所以,下面也会分开来说明。

    View的事件体系

    下边是我自己对源码理解后画的流程图:

    View事件分发机制.png

    View的事件流程中包括以下几个重要的事件:dispatchTouchEvent、onTouchListener、onTouchEvent、onLongClickListener、onClickListener;接下来就来解释一下如何调用的。

    在用户点击某个View后,根据流程图我们可以看到,他是先调用dispatchTouchEvent方法,源码如下:

    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        boolean result = false;
        //...其它代码
        ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
        if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
            result = true;
        }
    
        if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
            result = true;
        }
        return result;
    }
    

    该方法里主要逻辑为判断是否有onTouchListener,如果有,并且其onTouch方法返回true,则之后所有的事件都由onTouch方法处理;如果没有或者onTouchListener的onTouch方法返回false,则执行onTouchEvent方法;

    首先触发的事件为ACTION_DOWN,这时候会给View标记为prepressed(预点击),延时100ms,如果还没有执行其它事件,这时候就标记为pressed(点击),记录为预长按,延时400ms,如果也没有执行其它事件,则触发onLongClick事件,当然前提是onLongClickListener不为空;源码如下:

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        //...其它代码
        if(((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
                (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) ||
                (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE){
            switch (event.getAction()) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
                    if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
                        mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
                    }
                    mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
                    mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
                    postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap,
                            ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
                break;
            }  
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    private final class CheckForTap implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
            setPressed(true, x, y);
            checkForLongClick(ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout(), x, y);
        }
    }
    
    private void checkForLongClick(int delayOffset, float x, float y) {
        if ((mViewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) {
            mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
    
            if (mPendingCheckForLongPress == null) {
                mPendingCheckForLongPress = new CheckForLongPress();
            }
            postDelayed(mPendingCheckForLongPress,
                    ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout() - delayOffset);
        }
    }
    
    private final class CheckForLongPress implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            if (isPressed() && (mParent != null)
                    && mOriginalWindowAttachCount == mWindowAttachCount) {
                if (performLongClick(mX, mY)) {
                    mHasPerformedLongPress = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    private boolean performLongClickInternal(float x, float y) {
        boolean handled = false;
        final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
        if (li != null && li.mOnLongClickListener != null) {
            handled = li.mOnLongClickListener.onLongClick(View.this);
        }
        return handled;
    }
    

    其中performLongClick方法就是得到长按的返回值,改变mHasPerformedLongPress的值,表示长按是否返回true;

    回到主路线,下边就是执行ACTION_MOVE,源码如下:

    case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
        if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
            removeTapCallback();
            if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
                removeLongPressCallback();
                setPressed(false);
            }
        }
    break;
    
    public boolean pointInView(float localX, float localY, float slop) {
        return localX >= -slop && localY >= -slop && localX < ((mRight - mLeft) + slop) &&
                localY < ((mBottom - mTop) + slop);
    }
    

    代码很简单,就是移动的距离超过最小滑动距离后,就要移除掉pressed标记,和长按标记;

    然后执行的就是ACTION_UP,源码如下:

    case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
        if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
        removeLongPressCallback();
        if (!focusTaken) {
            if (mPerformClick == null) {
                mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
            }
            if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
                performClick();
            }
        }
    }
    break;
    
    public boolean performClick() {
        final boolean result;
        final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
        if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
            playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
            li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
            result = true;
        } else {
            result = false;
        }
    
        sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
        return result;
    }
    

    这里也很简单就是表示长按没有触发,或者出发后长按返回false,则就去执行onClickListener的onClick方法,当然前提是onClickListener不为空;

    onTouchEvent当然还有其它的事件,例如ACTION_CANCEL(触摸的位置超出View范围)、ACTION_POINTER_DOWN、ACTION_POINTER_UP等等,具体含义就不做介绍。

    ViewGroup的事件体系

    对于View来说,不同的有两点,一是dispatchTouchEvent方法有所不同,二是多了一个onInterceptTouchEvent方法;而onTouchEvent的流程却是一样的;也是先来看下流程图:

    ViewGroup事件分发流程.png

    首先来看dispatchTouchEvent,该类比较复杂,只抽取重要的部分,代码如下:

    @Override
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        //...其他代码
        final boolean intercepted;
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
            final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
            if (!disallowIntercept) {
                intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                ev.setAction(action); 
            } else {
                intercepted = false;
            }
        } else {
            intercepted = true;
        }
        
        //...
        
        if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
        }   
        
        //...
        
        if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                        || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
                        || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                        
                final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
                if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
                    final View[] children = mChildren;
                    
                    for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                    
                        final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
                                    childrenCount, i, customOrder);
                                    
                        final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
                                    preorderedList, children, childIndex);
                                    
                        if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                             //...其它代码
                            newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                            alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
            handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
                        TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
        } else {
            //...
            dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
                                target.child, target.pointerIdBits);
            //...
                                
        }
    }
    
    private static View getAndVerifyPreorderedView(ArrayList<View> preorderedList, View[] children,
            int childIndex) {
        final View child;
        if (preorderedList != null) {
            child = preorderedList.get(childIndex);
            if (child == null) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Invalid preorderedList contained null child at index "
                        + childIndex);
            }
        } else {
            child = children[childIndex];
        }
        return child;
    }
    
    private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
            View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
        final boolean handled;
    
        final int oldAction = event.getAction();
        if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
            event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            }
            event.setAction(oldAction);
            return handled;
        }
    
        //...其它代码
    
        if (child == null) {
            handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        } else {
            //...其它代码
            handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        }
    
        transformedEvent.recycle();
        return handled;
    }
    

    代码比较多,但是意思不难,用伪代码表达的话就很容易明白了,如下:

    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev){
        if(onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)){
            return onTouchEvent(ev);
        }else{
            return child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
        }
    }
    

    当然伪代码表达的肯定是不完全的,接下来,稍微详细的说一下我的理解,首先判断的还是是否会被拦截,这里有个标记,FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT,子View通过给其父容器设置这个标记就能让父容器的onInterceptTouchEvent方法无效,方法如下:

    @Override
    public void requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) {
    
        if (disallowIntercept == ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0)) {
            // We're already in this state, assume our ancestors are too
            return;
        }
    
        if (disallowIntercept) {
            mGroupFlags |= FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
        } else {
            mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
        }
    
        // Pass it up to our parent
        if (mParent != null) {
            mParent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(disallowIntercept);
        }
    }
    

    让该子View的父容器都打上该标记,就能直接跳过拦截了,这个在解决滑动冲突时,是比较重要的方法。

    回到主路线,如果没有该标记,则通过onInterceptTouchEvent方法判断是否拦截,如果拦截,则确定了接受事件的targetView,之后就会把所有的事件都给targetView,当然所有父类的分发和拦截方法也会依次调用;如果未拦截,就要依次循环子View的dispatchTouchEvent方法,判断是否消费了事件,具体的过程就是View的事件体系中所描述的,消费了事件,则也能确定targetView,同样就会把所有的事件都给targetView;如果子View都未消费,最后就会传回到Activity的onTouchEvent事件中处理。

    最后我们再来看一下onInterceptTouchEvent,代码比较简单,如下:

    public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE)
                && ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                && ev.isButtonPressed(MotionEvent.BUTTON_PRIMARY)
                && isOnScrollbarThumb(ev.getX(), ev.getY())) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    

    那么ViewGroup的事件体系大体上就走完了。

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