homebrew是mac平台常用的包管理工具，本文将先说明homebrew使用过程中的常见问题，接着以mongodb的安装过程演示如何使用homebrew安装软件。

常见问题

查看homebrew帮助命令

使用命令$ brew help

查看mac上全部已安装应用

使用命令$ brew list查看mac上全部使用homebrew安装的应用:

gdbm  mongodb  pkg-config  qt  redis

git  openssl  python  readline  sqlite

查看某个应用包含的全部组件

使用命令$ brew list xxx,对应redis就是$ brew list redis,输出

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3/bin/redis-benchmark

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3/bin/redis-check-aof

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3/bin/redis-check-rdb

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3/bin/redis-cli

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3/bin/redis-sentinel

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3/bin/redis-server

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist

查看某个应用信息

使用命令$ brew info redis,输出

redis: stable 3.2.3, HEAD

Persistent key-value database, with built-in net interface

http://redis.io/

/usr/local/Cellar/redis/3.2.3 (10 files, 1.7M) *

 Built from source on 2017-03-27 at 20:11:31

From: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/master/Formula/redis.rb

==> Options

--with-jemalloc

Select jemalloc as memory allocator when building Redis

--HEAD

Install HEAD version

==> Caveats

To have launchd start redis now and restart at login:

 brew services start redis

Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:

 redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis.conf

安装位置

一般使用homebrew安装的软件都位于/usr/local/Cellar/路径下,同时会在/usr/local/bin/下建立一个指向/usr/local/Cellar/下软件实际位置的一个符号链接.因为/usr/local/bin被加入了PATH环境变量,因此使用homebrew安装的应用不需要专门去设置PATH环境变量,参考我的另一篇文章Homebrew安装Packages是否需要另外设置环境变量PATH.

配置文件位置

如果安装的应用需要配置文件,一般会在/usr/local/etc下为该应用建立默认的配置文件.使用命令$ ls /usr/local/etc查看目前为止的配置文件:

bash_completion.d  mongod.conf  redis-sentinel.conf

dump.rdb  openssl  redis.conf

可以看到有mongodb数据库以及redis等的配置文件.

数据存储位置

homebrew安装的应用产生的数据一般存储在/usr/local/var下面.

安装mongodb

首先使用命令$ brew search mongodb搜索可以安装的版本:

==> Searching local taps...
mongodb                    mongodb@3.2                mongodb@3.6
mongodb@3.0                mongodb@3.4                percona-server-mongodb
==> Searching taps on GitHub...
homebrew/cask-versions/mongodb-compass-beta
homebrew/cask/mongodb
homebrew/cask/mongodb-compass
homebrew/cask/mongodb-compass-community
homebrew/cask/mongodb-compass-readonly
homebrew/cask/orelord-mongodb
==> Searching blacklisted, migrated and deleted formulae...

接下来安装搜索到的mongodb@3.6版本,执行安装命令$ brew install mongodb@3.6:

Updating Homebrew...
==> Installing dependencies for mongodb@3.6: gdbm, openssl, readline, sqlite, python@2
.......
==> Caveats
This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because this is an alternate version of another formula.

If you need to have this software first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/mongodb@3.6/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile


To have launchd start mongodb@3.6 now and restart at login:
  brew services start mongodb@3.6
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  mongod --config /usr/local/etc/mongod.conf
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/mongodb@3.6/3.6.5: 19 files, 298.0MB