官方文档：
编译Ranger源码
首先准备好Java和Maven环境：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_261"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_261-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.261-b12, mixed mode)
[root@hadoop01 ~]# mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.6.3 (cecedd343002696d0abb50b32b541b8a6ba2883f)
Maven home: /usr/local/maven
Java version: 1.8.0_261, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /usr/local/jdk/1.8/jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
[root@hadoop01 ~]#
- Tips：Maven需配置好国内的镜像源，否则依赖下一天也下载不下来
直接从GitHub上拉取Ranger的源码，或者从官网下载相应版本的源码包：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/src]# git clone https://github.com/apache/ranger
进入源码目录：cd ranger，修改该目录下的pom文件，主要修改两个地方，第一是将仓库相关配置都给注释掉：
<!--
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>apache.snapshots.https</id>
<name>Apache Development Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>apache.public.https</id>
<name>Apache Development Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/public</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>repo</id>
<url>file://${basedir}/local-repo</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
-->
第二是修改hadoop相关组件的version，将版本改为你所安装的版本：
<hadoop.version>3.3.0</hadoop.version>
<hbase.version>2.2.6</hbase.version>
<hive.version>3.1.2</hive.version>
- Tips：如果需要用Ranger管理其他组件，也需要找到其版本定义，修改为一致的版本，避免整合时发生版本不兼容等问题
然后修改security-admin/pom.xml文件中与nodejs的相关配置。在文件内搜索<id>install node and npm</id>，将configuration标签的内容修改如下：
<configuration>
<nodeVersion>v10.13.0</nodeVersion>
<!--<npmVersion>6.4.1</npmVersion>-->
</configuration>
然后继续在文件内搜索<id>npm install for packaging</id>，将configuration标签的内容修改如下：
<configuration>
<workingDirectory>${project.build.directory}/jsmain</workingDirectory>
<arguments>install -registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org --cache-max=0 --no-save</arguments>
</configuration>
继续在文件内搜索<id>npm install for tests</id>，将configuration标签的内容修改如下：
<configuration>
<skip>${skipJSTests}</skip>
<workingDirectory>${project.build.directory}/jstest</workingDirectory>
<arguments>install -registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org --cache-max=0 --no-save</arguments>
</configuration>
完成以上的修改后，使用maven命令进行编译打包：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/src]# cd ranger/
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/src/ranger]# mvn -DskipTests=true clean package
经过一段漫长的等待后，编译打包完成将输出如下信息：
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary for ranger 3.0.0-SNAPSHOT:
[INFO]
[INFO] ranger ............................................. SUCCESS [ 0.763 s]
[INFO] Jdbc SQL Connector ................................. SUCCESS [ 0.903 s]
[INFO] Credential Support ................................. SUCCESS [ 35.119 s]
[INFO] Audit Component .................................... SUCCESS [ 24.206 s]
[INFO] ranger-plugin-classloader .......................... SUCCESS [ 0.823 s]
[INFO] Common library for Plugins ......................... SUCCESS [ 4.650 s]
[INFO] ranger-intg ........................................ SUCCESS [ 1.672 s]
[INFO] Installer Support Component ........................ SUCCESS [ 0.494 s]
[INFO] Credential Builder ................................. SUCCESS [ 2.276 s]
[INFO] Embedded Web Server Invoker ........................ SUCCESS [ 4.777 s]
[INFO] Key Management Service ............................. SUCCESS [ 27.430 s]
[INFO] HBase Security Plugin Shim ......................... SUCCESS [01:47 min]
[INFO] HBase Security Plugin .............................. SUCCESS [ 25.536 s]
[INFO] Hdfs Security Plugin ............................... SUCCESS [ 13.548 s]
[INFO] Hive Security Plugin ............................... SUCCESS [01:41 min]
[INFO] Knox Security Plugin Shim .......................... SUCCESS [ 12.290 s]
[INFO] Knox Security Plugin ............................... SUCCESS [02:12 min]
[INFO] Storm Security Plugin .............................. SUCCESS [ 3.999 s]
[INFO] YARN Security Plugin ............................... SUCCESS [ 1.452 s]
[INFO] Ozone Security Plugin .............................. SUCCESS [ 16.509 s]
[INFO] Ranger Util ........................................ SUCCESS [ 1.000 s]
[INFO] Unix Authentication Client ......................... SUCCESS [ 0.590 s]
[INFO] User Group Synchronizer Util ....................... SUCCESS [ 0.457 s]
[INFO] Security Admin Web Application ..................... SUCCESS [01:15 min]
[INFO] KAFKA Security Plugin .............................. SUCCESS [ 13.393 s]
[INFO] SOLR Security Plugin ............................... SUCCESS [ 19.696 s]
[INFO] NiFi Security Plugin ............................... SUCCESS [ 1.556 s]
[INFO] NiFi Registry Security Plugin ...................... SUCCESS [ 1.586 s]
[INFO] Kudu Security Plugin ............................... SUCCESS [ 0.809 s]
[INFO] Unix User Group Synchronizer ....................... SUCCESS [ 34.854 s]
[INFO] Ldap Config Check Tool ............................. SUCCESS [ 0.643 s]
[INFO] Unix Authentication Service ........................ SUCCESS [ 0.917 s]
[INFO] Unix Native Authenticator .......................... SUCCESS [ 0.475 s]
[INFO] KMS Security Plugin ................................ SUCCESS [ 7.668 s]
[INFO] Tag Synchronizer ................................... SUCCESS [02:24 min]
[INFO] Hdfs Security Plugin Shim .......................... SUCCESS [ 0.906 s]
[INFO] Hive Security Plugin Shim .......................... SUCCESS [ 5.423 s]
[INFO] YARN Security Plugin Shim .......................... SUCCESS [ 0.914 s]
[INFO] OZONE Security Plugin Shim ......................... SUCCESS [ 0.944 s]
[INFO] Storm Security Plugin shim ......................... SUCCESS [ 0.961 s]
[INFO] KAFKA Security Plugin Shim ......................... SUCCESS [ 0.881 s]
[INFO] SOLR Security Plugin Shim .......................... SUCCESS [ 1.096 s]
[INFO] Atlas Security Plugin Shim ......................... SUCCESS [ 12.065 s]
[INFO] KMS Security Plugin Shim ........................... SUCCESS [ 7.139 s]
[INFO] ranger-examples .................................... SUCCESS [ 0.017 s]
[INFO] Ranger Examples - Conditions and ContextEnrichers .. SUCCESS [ 1.479 s]
[INFO] Ranger Examples - SampleApp ........................ SUCCESS [ 0.384 s]
[INFO] Ranger Examples - Ranger Plugin for SampleApp ...... SUCCESS [ 0.831 s]
[INFO] sample-client ...................................... SUCCESS [ 0.865 s]
[INFO] Apache Ranger Examples Distribution ................ SUCCESS [ 1.262 s]
[INFO] Ranger Tools ....................................... SUCCESS [ 3.747 s]
[INFO] Atlas Security Plugin .............................. SUCCESS [ 1.149 s]
[INFO] SchemaRegistry Security Plugin ..................... SUCCESS [ 32.873 s]
[INFO] Sqoop Security Plugin .............................. SUCCESS [ 6.273 s]
[INFO] Sqoop Security Plugin Shim ......................... SUCCESS [ 0.810 s]
[INFO] Kylin Security Plugin .............................. SUCCESS [03:13 min]
[INFO] Kylin Security Plugin Shim ......................... SUCCESS [ 9.244 s]
[INFO] Presto Security Plugin ............................. SUCCESS [ 21.863 s]
[INFO] Presto Security Plugin Shim ........................ SUCCESS [01:42 min]
[INFO] Elasticsearch Security Plugin Shim ................. SUCCESS [ 3.510 s]
[INFO] Elasticsearch Security Plugin ...................... SUCCESS [ 1.047 s]
[INFO] Apache Ranger Distribution ......................... SUCCESS [03:07 min]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
此时在target目录下可以看到打包好的插件安装包：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/src/ranger]# ls target/
antrun ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-hive-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-presto-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-storm-plugin.tar.gz
maven-shared-archive-resources ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-kafka-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-ranger-tools.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-tagsync.tar.gz
ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-kms.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-schema-registry-plugin.jar ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-usersync.tar.gz
ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-atlas-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-knox-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-solr_audit_conf.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-yarn-plugin.tar.gz
ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-elasticsearch-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-kylin-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-solr-plugin.tar.gz version
ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-hbase-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-migration-util.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-sqoop-plugin.tar.gz
ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-hdfs-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-ozone-plugin.tar.gz ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-src.tar.gz
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/src/ranger]#
nodejs 下载失败解决
如果遇到node无法下载或下载缓慢的情况下，可以尝试手动下载相应版本的压缩包，并放到对应的maven仓库目录下。例如，根据输出信息：
[INFO] Installing node version v10.13.0
[INFO] Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v10.13.0/node-v10.13.0-linux-x64.tar.gz to /root/.m2/repository/com/github/eirslett/node/10.13.0/node-10.13.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
[INFO] No proxies configured
[INFO] No proxy was configured, downloading directly
可以得知目标目路径为 /root/.m2/repository/com/github/eirslett/node/10.13.0/node-10.13.0-linux-x64.tar.gz，于是创建目录：
$ mkdir -p /root/.m2/repository/com/github/eirslett/node/10.13.0/
并将自己下载的压缩包拷贝到该目录下：
$ cp node-v10.13.0-linux-x64.tar.gz /root/.m2/repository/com/github/eirslett/node/10.13.0/node-10.13.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
部署Ranger Admin
将ranger admin的安装包解压到合适的目录下，我这里习惯放到/usr/local：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/src/ranger]# tar -zxvf target/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
进入解压后的目录，目录结构如下：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/src/ranger]# cd /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin/
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# ls
bin contrib dba_script.py ews ranger_credential_helper.py set_globals.sh templates-upgrade upgrade_admin.py
changepasswordutil.py cred db_setup.py install.properties restrict_permissions.py setup_authentication.sh update_property.py upgrade.sh
changeusernameutil.py db deleteUserGroupUtil.py jisql rolebasedusersearchutil.py setup.sh updateUserAndGroupNamesInJson.py version
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]#
配置安装选项：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# vim install.properties
# 指定MySQL驱动包所在的路径
SQL_CONNECTOR_JAR=/usr/local/src/mysql-connector-java-8.0.21.jar
# 配置root用户名密码以及MySQL实例的连接地址
db_root_user=root
db_root_password=123456a.
db_host=192.168.1.11
# 配置操作ranger库的用户名密码
db_name=ranger
db_user=root
db_password=123456a.
# 指定审计日志的存储方式
audit_store=db
audit_db_user=root
audit_db_name=ranger
audit_db_password=123456a.
在MySQL中创建ranger数据库：
create database ranger;
由于我这里使用的是MySQL8.x，需要修改一下数据库相关的脚本。打开dba_script.py和db_setup.py文件，搜索如下内容：
-cstring jdbc:mysql://%s/%s%s
将其全部修改为如下所示，主要是添加JDBC的serverTimezone连接参数：
-cstring jdbc:mysql://%s/%s%s?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
然后执行如下命令开始安装ranger admin：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# ./setup.sh
报错解决
安装过程中如果报如下错误：
SQLException : SQL state: HY000 java.sql.SQLException: Operation CREATE USER failed for 'root'@'localhost' ErrorCode: 1396
SQLException : SQL state: 42000 java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: Access denied for user 'root'@'192.168.1.11' to database 'mysql' ErrorCode: 1044
解决方式，就是在MySQL中执行如下语句：
flush privileges;
grant system_user on *.* to 'root';
drop user'root'@'localhost';
create user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456a.';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' with grant option;
drop user'root'@'192.168.1.11';
create user 'root'@'192.168.1.11' identified by '123456a.';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.1.11' with grant option;
flush privileges;
如果报如下错误：
SQLException : SQL state: HY000 java.sql.SQLException: This function has none of DETERMINISTIC, NO SQL, or READS SQL DATA in its declaration and binary logging is enabled (you *might* want to use the less safe log_bin_trust_function_creators variable) ErrorCode: 1418
解决方式：
set global log_bin_trust_function_creators=TRUE;
flush privileges;
如果报如下错误：
SQLException : SQL state: HY000 java.sql.SQLException: Cannot drop table 'x_policy' referenced by a foreign key constraint 'x_policy_ref_role_FK_policy_id' on table 'x_policy_ref_role'. ErrorCode: 3730
解决方式：删除ranger库中所有的表，再重新执行./setup.sh
安装完成后最终会输出：
Installation of Ranger PolicyManager Web Application is completed.
启动Ranger Admin
修改配置文件，配置数据库连接密码和jdbc url时区参数：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# vim conf/ranger-admin-site.xml
...
<property>
<name>ranger.jpa.jdbc.url</name>
<value>jdbc:log4jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.11/ranger?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</value>
<description />
</property>
<property>
<name>ranger.jpa.jdbc.password</name>
<value>123456a.</value>
<description />
</property>
...
启动命令如下：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# ranger-admin start
Starting Apache Ranger Admin Service
Apache Ranger Admin Service failed to start!
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]#
可以看到启动失败了，具体原因需要查看日志信息。ranger admin的日志目录配置在conf/ranger-admin-env-logdir.sh文件中，默认是$RANGER_ADMIN_HOME/ews/logs/。查看日志文件得知关键的报错信息如下：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# cat /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin/ews/logs/catalina.out
...
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/compress/archivers/tar/TarArchiveInputStream
...
很明显是找不到TarArchiveInputStream这个类。该类处于Apache的commons-compress包中，解决起来也简单，首先到中央仓库上将该jar包下载下来：
然后放到ews/lib/目录下：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# ls ews/lib/ |grep commons-compress
commons-compress-1.20.jar
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]#
重新启动ranger admin，这次就启动成功了：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# ranger-admin start
Starting Apache Ranger Admin Service
Apache Ranger Admin Service with pid 52505 has started.
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]#
检查端口和进程是否正常：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# jps
52626 Jps
52505 EmbeddedServer
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]# netstat -lntp |grep 52505
tcp6 0 0 :::6080 :::* LISTEN 52505/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:6085 :::* LISTEN 52505/java
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin]#
使用浏览器访问6080端口，进入到登录页面，默认用户名和密码均为admin：
image.png
登录成功后，进入到首页，如下：
image.png
Ranger HDFS Plugin安装
解压hdfs plugin的安装包到合适的目录下：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/ranger-plugin
[root@hadoop01 ~]# tar -zxvf /usr/local/src/ranger/target/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-hdfs-plugin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ranger-plugin
[root@hadoop01 ~]# cd /usr/local/ranger-plugin/
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-plugin]# mv ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-hdfs-plugin/ hdfs-plugin
进入解压后的目录，目录结构如下：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-plugin/hdfs-plugin]# ls
disable-hdfs-plugin.sh enable-hdfs-plugin.sh install install.properties lib ranger_credential_helper.py upgrade-hdfs-plugin.sh upgrade-plugin.py
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-plugin/hdfs-plugin]#
配置安装选项：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-plugin/hdfs-plugin]# vim install.properties
# 指定ranger admin服务的访问地址
POLICY_MGR_URL=http://192.168.243.142:6080
# 配置仓库配置，可自定义
REPOSITORY_NAME=dev_hdfs
# 配置hadoop的安装目录
COMPONENT_INSTALL_DIR_NAME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.16.2
# 配置hdfs的目录
XAAUDIT.HDFS.HDFS_DIR=hdfs://__REPLACE__NAME_NODE_HOST:8020/ranger/audit
XAAUDIT.HDFS.DESTINATION_DIRECTORY=hdfs://__REPLACE__NAME_NODE_HOST:8020/ranger/audit/%app-type%/%time:yyyyMMdd%
# 配置用户和用户组
CUSTOM_USER=root
CUSTOM_GROUP=root
执行如下脚本开启hdfs-plugin：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-plugin/hdfs-plugin]# ./enable-hdfs-plugin.sh
如果报如下错误：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/lang3/StringUtils
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/compress/archivers/tar/TarArchiveInputStream
拷贝缺失的jar包到install/lib/目录下：
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-plugin/hdfs-plugin]# cp /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin/ews/lib/commons-lang3-3.3.2.jar ./install/lib/
[root@hadoop01 /usr/local/ranger-plugin/hdfs-plugin]# cp /usr/local/ranger-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT-admin/ews/lib/commons-compress-1.20.jar ./install/lib/
脚本执行成功后，会输出如下内容：
Ranger Plugin for hadoop has been enabled. Please restart hadoop to ensure that changes are effective.
重启Hadoop：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# stop-all.sh
[root@hadoop01 ~]# start-all.sh
验证权限控制
到Ranger Admin上添加hdfs service，这里的Service Name需与配置文件中的配置所对应上：
image.png
填写相应信息：
image.png
填写完成后，到页面底部点击“Test Connection”测试能否正常连接，确认可以正常连接后点击“Add”完成新增：
image.png
在hdfs中创建一些测试目录和文件：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# hdfs dfs -mkdir /rangertest1
[root@hadoop01 ~]# hdfs dfs -mkdir /rangertest2
[root@hadoop01 ~]# echo "ranger test" > testfile
[root@hadoop01 ~]# hdfs dfs -put testfile /rangertest1
[root@hadoop01 ~]# hdfs dfs -put testfile /rangertest2
然后到Ranger Admin上添加Ranger的内部用户，“Settings” -> “Add New User”，填写用户信息：
image.png
接着添加权限策略，“Access Manager” -> “dev_hdfs” -> “Add New Policy”，配置权限策略所作用的用户、目录等信息：
image.png
拉到底部点击“Add”完成添加后，可以看到新增了一条策略配置：
image.png
回到操作系统，切换到hive用户，测试能否正常读取目录、文件：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# sudo su - hive
上一次登录：一 11月 9 21:08:34 CST 2020pts/3 上
[hive@hadoop01 ~]$ hdfs dfs -ls /rangertest1
Found 1 items
-rw-r--r-- 1 root supergroup 12 2020-11-11 16:26 /rangertest1/testfile
[hive@hadoop01 ~]$ hdfs dfs -cat /rangertest1/testfile
ranger test
[hive@hadoop01 ~]$
测试写操作，此时会发现能够正常往rangertest1目录添加文件，但往rangertest2目录添加文件就会报错，因为我们只赋予了rangertest1目录的读写权限：
[hive@hadoop01 ~]$ hdfs dfs -put testfile2 /rangertest1
[hive@hadoop01 ~]$ hdfs dfs -put testfile2 /rangertest2
put: Permission denied: user=hive, access=WRITE, inode="/rangertest2":root:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x
[hive@hadoop01 ~]$
至此，Ranger对HDFS的权限控制也验证通过了。除此之外，你也可以进行其他的测试，其他组件的ranger plugin也是类似的，在本文中就不一一演示了。
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