微架构 springcloud-12. 初识Ribbon

作者: 程序员_超 | 来源:发表于2018-03-26 22:20 被阅读0次

何为Ribbon？

同Eureka一样，Ribbon 是Netflix 下的一个框架，它主要负责客户端应用实现【负载均衡】目的！

应用Ribbon：第一个Ribbon程序

搭建工程

新建一个web工程，即：Springboot（Maven）工程 RibbonService：

RibbonService
|   +---src
|   +---main
|   |   +---java
|   |   |   \---person
|   |   |       \---jack
|   |   |           |   App.java
|   |   |           |
|   |   |           \---controller
|   |   |                   AppController.java
|   |   |
|   |   \---resources
|   |           application-8080.properties
|   |           application-8081.properties
    +---pom.xml

pom.xml内容如下

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

AppController 内容如下：

package person.jack.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

@Controller
public class AppController {
    @GetMapping("/info")
    public @ResponseBody String info(HttpServletRequest req){
        return "springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美得姿势！"+req.getRequestURL();
    }
}

application-8080.properties 内容如下：

server.port=8080

application-8081.properties 内容如下：

server.port=8081

配置maven启动

ribbonService-8080

Name: ribbonService-8080
Working dirctory: $Workspace/RibbonService
Command line:exec:java -Dexec.mainClass=person.jack.App -Dspring.profiles.active=8080

ribbonService-8081

Name: ribbonService-8081
Working dirctory: $Workspace/RibbonService
Command line:exec:java -Dexec.mainClass=person.jack.App -Dspring.profiles.active=8081

分别运行以上两个maven配置命令

测试：http://localhost:8080/info
测试：http://localhost:8081/info

页面全都打印：

springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美得姿势！http://localhost:8080/info

# 即：一份程序运行了两个实例，8080、8081，完成负载均衡条件搭建

搭建Ribbon客户端

新建maven java 项目：RibbonClient

RibbonClient
+---src
|   +---main
|   |   +---java
|   |   |   \---person
|   |   |       \---jack
|   |   |           \---ribbon
|   |   |               \---client
|   |   |                       RibbonClientTest.java
+---pom.xml

pom.xml 配置如下：

<properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

<dependencies>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
        <artifactId>ribbon-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
        <artifactId>ribbon-httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
        <artifactId>ribbon-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-configuration</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-configuration</artifactId>
        <version>1.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.netflix.archaius</groupId>
        <artifactId>archaius-core</artifactId>
        <version>0.7.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>16.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.6</source>
                <target>1.6</target>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

RibbonClientTest.java 内容如下：

package person.jack.ribbon.client;

import com.netflix.client.ClientFactory;
import com.netflix.client.http.HttpRequest;
import com.netflix.client.http.HttpResponse;
import com.netflix.config.ConfigurationManager;
import com.netflix.niws.client.http.RestClient;

public class RibbonClientTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConfigurationManager.getConfigInstance().setProperty(
                "myClient.ribbon.listOfServers", "localhost:8080,localhost:8081");
        RestClient client = (RestClient) ClientFactory.getNamedClient("myClient");
        HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder().uri("/info").build();
        for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            HttpResponse response = client.executeWithLoadBalancer(request);
            String json = response.getEntity(String.class);
            System.out.println(json);
        }
    }
}

运行以上main 函数，控制台输出：

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8081/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8081/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8081/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8081/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8081/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info

由以上运行结果分析可知：Ribbon客户端访问 /info 这个请求，该请求8080、8081都可提供，结果出现了“轮询”，压力被这两个实例分摊了。这就是Ribbon，其默认负载均衡算法采用的是“轮询”算法！
断开 8081端口服务，重新运行main函数，输出如下：

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info
springBoot 是javaWEB开发最优美的姿势！http://localhost:8080/info

现在提供服务的只剩8080端口了，但并不影响服务的运行！负载功能测试成功！

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