面向对象应用案例——扑克牌发牌程序

Card类

Card类代表一张牌，其中FaceNum字段指的是牌面数字1~13，Suit字段指的是花色。
（1）Card构造函数根据参数初始化封装的成员变量，实现牌面大小和花色的初始化，以及是否显示牌面，默认True为显示牌的正面
（2）str()方法用来输出牌面大小和花色。
（3）pic_order()方法获取牌的顺序号。
（4）flip()是翻牌方法，改变牌面是否显示的属性值

Hand类

Hand类代表一手牌（一个玩家手里拿的牌），可以认为是一位牌手手里的牌，其中cards列表变量存储牌手手里的牌。玩家可以增加牌、清空手里的牌、把一张牌给其他牌手。

Poke类

Poke类代表一副牌，可以看作是有52张牌的牌手，所以继承Hand类。由于其中cards列表变量要存储52张牌，而且要发牌、洗牌，所以增加如下方法：
（1）populate(self)生成存储了52张牌的一手牌，存储在cards列表变量中。
（2）shuffle(self)洗牌，使用Python的random模块的shuffle()方法打乱牌的存储顺序即可。
（3）deal(self, hands, per_hand = 13)是完成发牌动作，发给4个玩家，每人默认13张牌。

完整代码

# Cards Module
class Card():
    ''' A playing card.'''
    RANKS = ["A", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "J", "Q", "K"]  # 牌面数字
    SUTTS = ["黑桃", "红心", "梅花", "方块"]

    def __init__(self, rank, suit, face_up = True):
        self.rank = rank                      # 指的是牌面数字
        self.suit = suit                      # 指的是花色
        self.is_face_up = face_up             # 是否显示牌的正面

    def __str__(self):                        # 重写print()方法，打印一张牌的信息
        if self.is_face_up:
            rep = self.suit + self.rank
        else:
            rep = "XX"
        return rep

    def pic_order(self):                      # 牌的顺序号
        if self.rank == "A":
            FaceNum = 1
        elif self.rank == "J":
            FaceNum = 11
        elif self.rank == "Q":
            FaceNum = 12
        elif self.rank == "K":
            FaceNum = 11
        else:
            FaceNum = int(self.rank)
        if self.suit == "梅花":
            Suit = 1
        elif self.suit == "方块":
            Suit = 2
        elif self.suit == "红心":
            Suit = 3
        else:
            Suit = 4
        return (Suit - 1) * 13 + FaceNum

    def flip(self):                            # 翻牌方法
        self.is_face_up = not self.is_face_up

class Hand():
    """ A hand of playing cards. """
    def __init__(self):
        self.cards = []                        # cards 列表变量存储牌手的牌
    def __str__(self):                         # 重写print()方法，打印出牌手的所有牌
        if self.cards:
            rep = ""
            for card in self.cards:
                rep += str(card) + "\t"
        else:
            rep = "无牌"
        return rep
    def clear(self):                           # 清空手里的牌
        self.cards = []
    def add(self, card):                       # 增加牌
        self.cards.append(card)
    def give(self, card, other_hand):          # 把一张牌给其他牌手
        self.cards.remove(card)
        other_hand.add(card)

class Poke(Hand):
    """ A deck of playing cards. """
    def populate(self):                       # 生成一副牌
        for suit in Card.SUTTS:
            for rank in Card.RANKS:
                self.add(Card(rank, suit))
    def shuffle(self):                        # 洗牌
        import random
        random.shuffle(self.cards)            # 打乱牌的顺序
    def deal(self, hands, per_hand = 13):     # 发牌，发给玩家，每人默认13张牌
        for rounds in range(per_hand):
            for hand in hands:
                if self.cards:
                    top_card = self.cards[0]
                    self.cards.remove(top_card)
                    hand.add(top_card)
                else:
                    print("不能继续发牌了，牌已经发完！")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("This is a module with classes for playing cards.")
    players = [Hand(), Hand(), Hand(), Hand()]
    poke1 = Poke()
    poke1.populate()                            # 生成一副牌
    poke1.shuffle()                             # 洗牌
    poke1.deal(players, 13)                     # 发给玩家每人13张牌
    n = 1
    for hand in players:
        print("牌手", n, end = ":")
        print(hand)
        n = n + 1
    input("\nPress the enter key to exit.")

结果显示

TIM截图20191115153358.png