Docker安装教程（超详细）

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发布时间: 2021-4-21 18:24:46 作者: java大师

Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎，让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个可移植的镜像中，然后发布到任何流行的 Linux或Windows 机器上，也可以实现虚拟化。容器是完全使用沙箱机制，相互之间不会有任何接口

老铁们，大师将手把手教大家如何安装Docker，废话不多说，直接开整！

一、准备工作

1、Linux服务器安装的centos的系统内核不能低于3.10，否则安装不成功。可以通过一下命令查看系统内核

4.18.0-147.5.1.el8_1.x86_64```

##### 2、之前安装过docker的需要清除原安装残余

sudo yum remove docker \
 docker-client \
 docker-client-latest \
 docker-common \
 docker-latest \
 docker-latest-logrotate \
 docker-logrotate \
 docker-selinux \
 docker-engine-selinux \
 docker-engine</pre>

##### 3、创建阿里云镜像，目的是优先从阿里云获取镜像，加快docker的镜像拉取

sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

### 二、安装docker

> #### docker分为（Docker版本分为CE（社区免费版）和EE（企业版，安全CE）
> 
> #### 我们通常所下载的docker为docker ce社区版的

##### 1、运行下面命令，下载并安装docker

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="shell" cid="n2767" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo yum -y install docker-ce</pre>

##### 2、运行 docker version，查看docker ce是否安装成功，打印以下信息即为安装成功！

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded md-focus" lang="shell" cid="n2773" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">[root@iZbp14ak3swm571msqxpohZ ~]# docker version
#Client: Docker Engine - Community
# Version:           20.10.0
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.13.15
 Git commit:        7287ab3
 Built:             Tue Dec  8 18:57:35 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

#Server: Docker Engine - Community
 #Engine:
 # Version:          19.03.14
 API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
 Go version:       go1.13.15
 Git commit:       5eb3275d40
 Built:            Tue Dec  1 19:19:17 2020
 OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
 Experimental:     false
 containerd:
 Version:          1.2.6
 GitCommit:        894b81a4b802e4eb2a91d1ce216b8817763c29fb
 runc:
 Version:          1.0.0-rc8
 GitCommit:        425e105d5a03fabd737a126ad93d62a9eeede87f
 docker-init:
 Version:          0.18.0
 GitCommit:        fec3683
</pre>