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Spring Boot源码-@EnableConfigurati

Spring Boot源码-@EnableConfigurati

作者: persisting_ | 来源:发表于2019-09-14 10:19 被阅读0次


    1 概述
    2 实例
    3 配置注入实现原理

    1 概述

    使用过Spring Boot的都会知道,我们可以在application.properties文件中进行一系列的配置,该配置会被自动注入到我们需要使用的bean中,下面我们就介绍配置注入的实现原理。

    首先,要知道在application.properties中的配置是通过BeanPostProcessor进行注入的,具体完成该功能的BeanPostProcessor实现类是ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor

    本文接下来会介绍ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor是在何时被加入到beanfactory中的,以及@EnableConfigurationProperties@ConfigurationProperties注解的实现原理。

    2 实例

    Spring Boot自动配置中充斥着大量使用通过application.properties进行扩展配置的实现,比如我们熟悉的MybatisAutoConfiguration

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({SqlSessionFactory.class, SqlSessionFactoryBean.class})
    @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(DataSource.class)
    //使用MybatisProperties类获得application.properties中的实现
    @EnableConfigurationProperties({MybatisProperties.class})
    @AutoConfigureAfter({DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, MybatisLanguageDriverAutoConfiguration.class})
    public class MybatisAutoConfiguration implements InitializingBean {
        ...
    }
    

    下面我们在看下MybatisProperties类的定义:

    //指定扩展配置在application.properties中的配置前缀为mybatis
    @ConfigurationProperties(
        prefix = "mybatis"
    )
    public class MybatisProperties {
        public static final String MYBATIS_PREFIX = "mybatis";
        ...
    }
    

    通过如上的注解,MyBatis就可以获得我们在application.properties中的配置了,比如如下配置:

    mybatis.config-location=classpath:configurations/mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
    

    3 配置注入实现原理

    要了解配置注入的实现原理,首先要找到上文介绍到的ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor是何时被注册到beanfactory中的,通过阅读源码发现,在spring.factories文件中有如下一行:

    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
    ...
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
    ...
    

    可见,是通过@EnableAutoConfiguration注解引入了相关的配置,@EnableAutoConfiguration通过@Import注解自动配置的原理这里不再介绍。我们看下ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration类的实现:

    //两个重要的注解Configuration使得该类被视为配置类进行处理
    //EnableConfigurationProperties则实现了配置注入
    @Configuration
    @EnableConfigurationProperties
    public class ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration {
    
    }
    

    首先ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration@Configuration注解,因此会在beanfactory加载时被作为配置类处理,具体在ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry调用ConfigurationClassParser.parse进行处理。

    我们再看@EnableConfigurationProperties定义:

    @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @Import(EnableConfigurationPropertiesImportSelector.class)
    public @interface EnableConfigurationProperties {
    
        /**
         * Convenient way to quickly register {@link ConfigurationProperties} annotated beans
         * with Spring. Standard Spring Beans will also be scanned regardless of this value.
         * @return {@link ConfigurationProperties} annotated beans to register
         */
        Class<?>[] value() default {};
    
    }
    

    @EnableConfigurationProperties通过@Import(EnableConfigurationPropertiesImportSelector.class)向容器中注入了相关的处理类,@Import也是在ConfigurationClassParser.parse进行处理的。

    EnableConfigurationPropertiesImportSelector类定义如下:

    class EnableConfigurationPropertiesImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
    
        private static final String[] IMPORTS = { ConfigurationPropertiesBeanRegistrar.class.getName(),
                ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessorRegistrar.class.getName() };
    
        //该类主要通过@Import实现机制向beanfactory进行了配置注入相关类的注册
        //其中ConfigurationPropertiesBeanRegistrar负责找到所有EnableConfigurationProperties
        //注解中声明的配置类,并将其注册到beanfactory中,如上面例子中的
        //@EnableConfigurationProperties({MybatisProperties.class}),
        //MybatisProperties将被注入到beanfactory中
        //ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessorRegistrar则负责
        //在实例化类时,检测该类是否被ConfigurationProperties注解,如果是的话
        //则从application.properties获取相应前缀的配置,然后进行配置注入
        @Override
        public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
            return IMPORTS;
        }
    
        /**
         * {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar} for configuration properties support.
         */
        //ConfigurationPropertiesBeanRegistrar是EnableConfigurationPropertiesImportSelector的内部类
        public static class ConfigurationPropertiesBeanRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
    
            //向beanfactory中注入所有注解EnableConfigurationProperties.value中指定的配置类
            @Override
            public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
                getTypes(metadata).forEach((type) -> register(registry, (ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) registry, type));
            }
    
            //获取该配置类EnableConfigurationProperties.value中指定的配置类
            private List<Class<?>> getTypes(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
                MultiValueMap<String, Object> attributes = metadata
                        .getAllAnnotationAttributes(EnableConfigurationProperties.class.getName(), false);
                return collectClasses((attributes != null) ? attributes.get("value") : Collections.emptyList());
            }
    
            private List<Class<?>> collectClasses(List<?> values) {
                return values.stream().flatMap((value) -> Arrays.stream((Object[]) value)).map((o) -> (Class<?>) o)
                        .filter((type) -> void.class != type).collect(Collectors.toList());
            }
    
            private void register(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
                    Class<?> type) {
                String name = getName(type);
                if (!containsBeanDefinition(beanFactory, name)) {
                    registerBeanDefinition(registry, name, type);
                }
            }
    
            private String getName(Class<?> type) {
                ConfigurationProperties annotation = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(type, ConfigurationProperties.class);
                String prefix = (annotation != null) ? annotation.prefix() : "";
                return (StringUtils.hasText(prefix) ? prefix + "-" + type.getName() : type.getName());
            }
    
            private boolean containsBeanDefinition(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, String name) {
                if (beanFactory.containsBeanDefinition(name)) {
                    return true;
                }
                BeanFactory parent = beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory();
                if (parent instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
                    return containsBeanDefinition((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) parent, name);
                }
                return false;
            }
    
            private void registerBeanDefinition(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, String name, Class<?> type) {
                assertHasAnnotation(type);
                GenericBeanDefinition definition = new GenericBeanDefinition();
                definition.setBeanClass(type);
                registry.registerBeanDefinition(name, definition);
            }
    
            private void assertHasAnnotation(Class<?> type) {
                Assert.notNull(AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(type, ConfigurationProperties.class),
                        () -> "No " + ConfigurationProperties.class.getSimpleName() + " annotation found on  '"
                                + type.getName() + "'.");
            }
    
        }
    
    }
    

    好了,到这里,我们已经知道注解@EnableConfigurationProperties.value中指定的配置类是如何被注入到beanfactory中的了,那么注解EnableConfigurationProperties.value中指定的配置类中的属性是如何从application.properties被注入的呢?比如上面的

    //指定扩展配置在application.properties中的配置前缀为mybatis
    @ConfigurationProperties(
        prefix = "mybatis"
    )
    public class MybatisProperties {
        public static final String MYBATIS_PREFIX = "mybatis";
        ...
    }
    

    对应配置如下:

    mybatis.config-location=classpath:configurations/mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
    

    这就是我们前面提到的BeanPostProcessor接口实现类ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor类处理的,而ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor则是通过上面EnableConfigurationPropertiesImportSelector中使用类ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessorRegistrar进行注册的:

    public class ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessorRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
    
        //通过如下方法注入了ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor
        @Override
        public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
            if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor.BEAN_NAME)) {
                registerConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor(registry);
                registerConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata(registry);
            }
        }
    
        private void registerConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
            GenericBeanDefinition definition = new GenericBeanDefinition();
            definition.setBeanClass(ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor.class);
            definition.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
            registry.registerBeanDefinition(ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor.BEAN_NAME, definition);
    
        }
    
        private void registerConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
            GenericBeanDefinition definition = new GenericBeanDefinition();
            definition.setBeanClass(ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata.class);
            definition.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
            registry.registerBeanDefinition(ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata.BEAN_NAME, definition);
        }
    
    }
    

    ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor是接口BeanPostProcessor的实现,会被ApplicationContext检测出来,在实例化每个bean时会被调用进行扩展处理。

    //ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor
    //类ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor在方法postProcessBeforeInitialization
    //进行配置注入,在下面的源码中可以看到我们熟悉的注解@ConfigurationProperties
    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        ConfigurationProperties annotation = getAnnotation(bean, beanName, ConfigurationProperties.class);
        if (annotation != null) {
            bind(bean, beanName, annotation);
        }
        return bean;
    }
    

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