【故障集合】架构阶段web服务错误集合

作者: A宽宽 | 来源:发表于2019-06-10 14:54 被阅读0次

【故障集合】架构阶段web服务错误集合
【故障集合】架构阶段web服务错误集合
【故障集合】架构阶段备份服务-存储服务错误集合
架构阶段错误集合
【故障集合】综合架构rsync服务与nfs服务错误集合（持续补充
【故障集合】综合架构之nginx服务错误集合（持续补充中）
【故障集合】综合架构之ansible服务错误集合（持续补充中）
【综合架构故障集合】
【故障集合】MySQL错误集合（持续补充中）
【故障集合】yum错误集合（持续补充中）

错误整体记录

Nginx

Connection refused

Address already in use

启动或重启nginx 的报错

Linux或windows 使用域名

404 Not found

403 Forbidden

Cannot assign requested address

304 Not modified

conflicting server name

401 Authorization Required

500 Internal Server Error

MySQL错误

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'wordpress'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

错误提示：

Connection refused

连接拒绝

root@web01 /etc/nginx]# curl www.oldboy.com
curl: (7) Failed connect to www.oldboy.com:80; Connection refused
服务是否运行

Address already in use

nginx正在运行中

[root@web01 ~]# nginx
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()

nginx 可以运行nginx服务

启动或重启nginx 的报错

查看详细nginx错误提示检查语法 nginx -t

systemctl  
[root@web-204 html]# systemctl start nginx
Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

[root@web-204 html]# nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] unexpected "}" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:49
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

}不成对

Linux或windows 使用域名

hosts（linux或windows）没有解析

[root@web01 /etc/nginx]# curl blog.oldboy.com
<a href="https://www.afternic.com/forsale/blog.oldboy.com?utm_source=TDFS_DASLNC&amp;utm_medium=DASLNC&amp;utm_campaign=TDFS_DASLNC&amp;traffic_type=TDFS_DASLNC&amp;traffic_id=daslnc&amp;">Found</a>.

server_name 这一行没有以 ";" 结尾

terminated 结束

[root@wed01 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] directive "server_name" is not terminated by ";" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:43
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

 31    # include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
 32     server   {
 33         listen       80;
 34         server_name  www.oldboy.com;
 35         location / {
 36         root   /usr/share/nginx/html/www;
 37         index  index.html index.htm;
 38         }
 39     }
 40     server   {
 41         listen       80;
 42         server_name  blog.oldboy.com
 43         location / {
 44         root   /usr/share/nginx/html/blog;
 45         index  index.html index.htm;
 46         }
 47     }
 48 
 49 }

404

[root@web01 ~]# cat /user/share/nginx/html/{www,blog}/index.html
www oldboy.com
blog oldboy.com
[root@web01 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@web01 ~]# curl blog.oldboy.com
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>

<center>nginx/1.16.0</center>
</body>
</html>

403 Forbidden

没有权限

[root@web01 ~]# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/www/
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Jun  5 08:39 index.html
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# chmod 000 index.html 
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 4
---------- 1 root root 15 Jun  5 08:39 index.html
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# curl www.oldboy.com 
<html>
<head><title>403 Forbidden</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.16.0</center>
</body>
</html>
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# chmod 644 index.html 
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Jun  5 08:39 index.html

首页文件不存在默认找首页文件 403

[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# ll
total 0
[root@web01 /usr/share/nginx/html/www]# curl www.oldboy.com 
<html>
<head><title>403 Forbidden</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.16.0</center>
</body>
</html>

Cannot assign requested address

无法分配指定的ip地址
本地没有10.0.0.9ip

[root@web01 /etc/nginx]# nginx -t 
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 10.0.0.9:80 failed (99: Cannot assign requested address)
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

解决方法1：添加1个ip地址

ip addr add  10.0.0.9/24 dev eth0  label eth0:1

304 Not Modified 用户读取浏览器缓存

conflicting server name

域名冲突：有两个几个虚拟主机的域名相同了

[root 12:27:17 @web01 conf.d]# nginx -t
nginx: [warn] conflicting server name "www.oldboy.com" on 0.0.0.0:80, ignored
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

[root 12:16:28 @web01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

}

 [root 12:27:22 @web01 conf.d]# vim 01-www.conf 

server {
      listen    80;
      server_name     www.oldboy.com;
      #charset koi8-r;
      access_log  /var/log/nginx/access_www.log  main;

      location / {
          root   /usr/share/nginx/html/www;
          index  index.html index.htm;
                }
     }
[root 12:29:17 @web01 conf.d]# vim 02-blog.conf 

server {
      listen    80;
      server_name       blog.oldboy.com;

      #charset koi8-r;
      access_log  /var/log/nginx/access_blog.log  main;

      location / {
          root   /usr/share/nginx/html/blog;
          index  index.html index.htm;
                }
        }

[root 12:30:38 @web01 conf.d]# cat 03-status.conf 
server {
        listen  80;
        server_name  status.oldboy.com;
        stub_status on;
        access_log off;

} 

[root 12:35:02 @web01 conf.d]# cat default.conf
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.oldboy.com;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}

401 Authorization Required

需要授权的意思，一般是认证失败（用户名和密码）

500 Internal Server Error

原因1：
设置了权限认证auth_basic_user_file 密码文件权限不对导致的

invalid variable name

[root@web01 /etc/nginx/conf.d]# nginx -t 
nginx: [emerg] invalid variable name in /etc/nginx/conf.d/01-www.conf:18
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.oldboy.com;
    root   html/www;
    location / {
       return 200  "location / \n";
    }
    location = / {
        return 200 "location = \n";
    }

    location /documents/ {
        return 200 "location /documents/ \n";
    }
    location ^~ /images/ {
        return 200 "location ^~ /images/ \n";

    }
    location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg)$ {
        return 200 "location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg)$ \n";
    }
    access_log off;
}

MySQL 故障

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'wordpress'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

错误：使用wordpress用户在localhost（本地登录）权限拒绝（密码是正确的）
解决： MySQL添加用户分为远程登录权限和本地登录权限
这里添加的用户是172.16.1.% 远程登录权限
需要登录的时候加上-h ，本地登录需要授权wordpress@localhost

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on wordpress.*   to 'wordpress'@'172.16.1.%'  identified  by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from  mysql.user ;
+-----------+------------+
| user      | host       |
+-----------+------------+
| root      | 127.0.0.1  |
| wordpress | 172.16.1.% |
| root      | ::1        |
|           | localhost  |
| root      | localhost  |
|           | web01      |
| root      | web01      |
+-----------+------------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> Bye
[root@web01 ~]# mysql -uwordpress -p123456 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'wordpress'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

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