上一节我们提到，VNode 在创建完成后，会通过 _update 方法将虚拟dom通过dom操作，append，insert等等插入到真实dom树上，我们先来看_update
Vue.prototype._update = function (vnode: VNode, hydrating?: boolean) {
const vm: Component = this
const prevEl = vm.$el
const prevVnode = vm._vnode
const restoreActiveInstance = setActiveInstance(vm)
vm._vnode = vnode
// Vue.prototype.__patch__ is injected in entry points
// based on the rendering backend used.
if (!prevVnode) {
// initial render
vm.$el = vm.__patch__(vm.$el, vnode, hydrating, false /* removeOnly */)
} else {
// updates
vm.$el = vm.__patch__(prevVnode, vnode)
}
restoreActiveInstance()
// update __vue__ reference
if (prevEl) {
prevEl.__vue__ = null
}
if (vm.$el) {
vm.$el.__vue__ = vm
}
// if parent is an HOC, update its $el as well
if (vm.$vnode && vm.$parent && vm.$vnode === vm.$parent._vnode) {
vm.$parent.$el = vm.$el
}
// updated hook is called by the scheduler to ensure that children are
// updated in a parent's updated hook.
}
_update方法是在我们执行_init方法时执行一些列初始化操作时定义的， update方法会在两种情况下被调用，一是new Vue初始化的时候，还有一种情况就是当我们改变data数据，页面重新渲染时，然后调用patch方法，我们进入patch
export const patch: Function = createPatchFunction({ nodeOps, modules })
可以看到patch 方法是由一createPathFunction 方法返回的，这个方法传入了两个参数，nodeOps,modules, 摘取一部分nodeOps内容
export function createElementNS (namespace: string, tagName: string): Element {
return document.createElementNS(namespaceMap[namespace], tagName)
}
export function createTextNode (text: string): Text {
return document.createTextNode(text)
}
export function createComment (text: string): Comment {
return document.createComment(text)
}
可以看到，里面都是一些原生dom操作的封装，摘取modules一部分内容
export function addClass (el: HTMLElement, cls: ?string) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!cls || !(cls = cls.trim())) {
return
}
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (el.classList) {
if (cls.indexOf(' ') > -1) {
cls.split(whitespaceRE).forEach(c => el.classList.add(c))
} else {
el.classList.add(cls)
}
} else {
const cur = ` ${el.getAttribute('class') || ''} `
if (cur.indexOf(' ' + cls + ' ') < 0) {
el.setAttribute('class', (cur + cls).trim())
}
}
}
可以看到，是一些对原生dom特性控制的封装，，以及一些辅助函数，
下面我们回到createPatchFunction，createPatchFunction 方法中首先定义了好多的辅助函数，最后返回了一个函数，即patch，我么来看下这个patch
return function patch (oldVnode, vnode, hydrating, removeOnly) {
if (isUndef(vnode)) {
if (isDef(oldVnode)) invokeDestroyHook(oldVnode)
return
}
let isInitialPatch = false
const insertedVnodeQueue = []
if (isUndef(oldVnode)) {
// empty mount (likely as component), create new root element
isInitialPatch = true
createElm(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
} else {
const isRealElement = isDef(oldVnode.nodeType)
if (!isRealElement && sameVnode(oldVnode, vnode)) {
// patch existing root node
patchVnode(oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, null, null, removeOnly)
} else {
if (isRealElement) {
// mounting to a real element
// check if this is server-rendered content and if we can perform
// a successful hydration.
if (oldVnode.nodeType === 1 && oldVnode.hasAttribute(SSR_ATTR)) {
oldVnode.removeAttribute(SSR_ATTR)
hydrating = true
}
if (isTrue(hydrating)) {
if (hydrate(oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)) {
invokeInsertHook(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, true)
return oldVnode
} else if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
warn(
'The client-side rendered virtual DOM tree is not matching ' +
'server-rendered content. This is likely caused by incorrect ' +
'HTML markup, for example nesting block-level elements inside ' +
'<p>, or missing <tbody>. Bailing hydration and performing ' +
'full client-side render.'
)
}
}
// either not server-rendered, or hydration failed.
// create an empty node and replace it
oldVnode = emptyNodeAt(oldVnode)
}
// replacing existing element
const oldElm = oldVnode.elm
const parentElm = nodeOps.parentNode(oldElm)
// create new node
createElm(
vnode,
insertedVnodeQueue,
// extremely rare edge case: do not insert if old element is in a
// leaving transition. Only happens when combining transition +
// keep-alive + HOCs. (#4590)
oldElm._leaveCb ? null : parentElm,
nodeOps.nextSibling(oldElm)
)
// update parent placeholder node element, recursively
if (isDef(vnode.parent)) {
let ancestor = vnode.parent
const patchable = isPatchable(vnode)
while (ancestor) {
for (let i = 0; i < cbs.destroy.length; ++i) {
cbs.destroy[i](ancestor)
}
ancestor.elm = vnode.elm
if (patchable) {
for (let i = 0; i < cbs.create.length; ++i) {
cbs.create[i](emptyNode, ancestor)
}
// #6513
// invoke insert hooks that may have been merged by create hooks.
// e.g. for directives that uses the "inserted" hook.
const insert = ancestor.data.hook.insert
if (insert.merged) {
// start at index 1 to avoid re-invoking component mounted hook
for (let i = 1; i < insert.fns.length; i++) {
insert.fns[i]()
}
}
} else {
registerRef(ancestor)
}
ancestor = ancestor.parent
}
}
// destroy old node
if (isDef(parentElm)) {
removeVnodes(parentElm, [oldVnode], 0, 0)
} else if (isDef(oldVnode.tag)) {
invokeDestroyHook(oldVnode)
}
}
}
invokeInsertHook(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, isInitialPatch)
return vnode.elm
}
重点，执行了createElm方法，这个方法定义于传入的modules辅助函数中， 这个方法才是真实dom操作的核心所在，我们进入createElm
function createElm (
vnode,
insertedVnodeQueue,
parentElm,
refElm,
nested,
ownerArray,
index
) {
if (isDef(vnode.elm) && isDef(ownerArray)) {
// This vnode was used in a previous render!
// now it's used as a new node, overwriting its elm would cause
// potential patch errors down the road when it's used as an insertion
// reference node. Instead, we clone the node on-demand before creating
// associated DOM element for it.
vnode = ownerArray[index] = cloneVNode(vnode)
}
vnode.isRootInsert = !nested // for transition enter check
if (createComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm)) {
return
}
const data = vnode.data
const children = vnode.children
const tag = vnode.tag
if (isDef(tag)) {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
if (data && data.pre) {
creatingElmInVPre++
}
if (isUnknownElement(vnode, creatingElmInVPre)) {
warn(
'Unknown custom element: <' + tag + '> - did you ' +
'register the component correctly? For recursive components, ' +
'make sure to provide the "name" option.',
vnode.context
)
}
}
vnode.elm = vnode.ns
? nodeOps.createElementNS(vnode.ns, tag)
: nodeOps.createElement(tag, vnode)
setScope(vnode)
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (__WEEX__) {
// in Weex, the default insertion order is parent-first.
// List items can be optimized to use children-first insertion
// with append="tree".
const appendAsTree = isDef(data) && isTrue(data.appendAsTree)
if (!appendAsTree) {
if (isDef(data)) {
invokeCreateHooks(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
}
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm)
}
createChildren(vnode, children, insertedVnodeQueue)
if (appendAsTree) {
if (isDef(data)) {
invokeCreateHooks(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
}
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm)
}
} else {
createChildren(vnode, children, insertedVnodeQueue)
if (isDef(data)) {
invokeCreateHooks(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
}
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm)
}
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && data && data.pre) {
creatingElmInVPre--
}
} else if (isTrue(vnode.isComment)) {
vnode.elm = nodeOps.createComment(vnode.text)
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm)
} else {
vnode.elm = nodeOps.createTextNode(vnode.text)
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm)
}
}
这个函数名字我们可以大胆猜想，作者把这一部映射的操作且分成了很多逻辑，函数有点多，名字不太好起了，createElm,,,
可以看到这里大量用了原生的api，来创建dom元素，createChildren ,对VNode的子元素进行递归调用传递父元素，来构建真实的dom树，最后，通过调用insert方法，即dom的insert方法，将整个dom树一次性插入到dom树中，大家可以通过打断点的方法，完整查看整个_update流程
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