考研翻译写作突破

语言优化法则
1.被动语态法则
2.名词性从句黄金句式
3.形式宾语
4.there be 客观存在

1.被动语态法则
中英语言差异： 英文多用被动，中文多说主动。
eg 1： 表建议
中文逻辑： I should take effective measures before things get worse.
英式逻辑： Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

写作替换
should =be expected to/ be well-advised to

Recycled plastic bags are well-advised to be used during the shopping trip.

eg 2:据传/相传 -》 It is said that ...
It is said that the number of private cars had been increasing significantly.

It is suggested that the professors enhance the academic cooperation with foreign experts.

翻译英文句子涉及被动语态：多用主动，可以被动。
The centres need to be well air-conditioned.
主宾颠倒，用by，in等介词后面的动作执行者充当主语。

4. 用“我们...，有人...，人们...，大家...”等泛指主语，或者增加“这”等词充当主语.
   She was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed.
   The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored.

5. 使用“被、让、给、由、把、加以、遭受、得到、受到、得以、为...所、由...决定的”等等。
   Eg: Problems should be resolved in good time.

The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention.

2.名词性从句黄金句式
1)主语从句 2）宾语从句 3）表语从句
主语从句（在句子中担当主语的从句）
What worries many people is that the average temperature on earth is higher and higher.
What surprises me is ...

What is expected to be done is that .. 主语从句的被动形式

宾语从句(在句子中担当宾语的从句)
I think that... it is very important to listen carefully and review timely.
I believe/argue/maintain that...
I am convinced that ... // convinced 使说服，使确信

介宾形式写法
We should pay attention to the current situation.
We should pay attention to what is happening around us.

The pie chart is divided by ________ and how much people can earn from part-time jobs.
The pie chart is divided by how much people can get from full-time positions and how much citizens can earn from part-time jobs.

表语从句）位于系动词后面
This is why Yuan Longping is called "Father of Hybrid Rice".
In companies,leadership is what helps to improve cooperation.
In practise , confidence is what drives us to success.

3.形式宾语
结构： 动词 it adj. + to do
More workers find it hard to get extra pay for working overtime.
More students find it not easy to spell the common words correctly.

As the chart shows, more than half of experts to manage environmental issues.