SpringMVC之整合SSM

作者: Ping开源 | 来源:发表于2021-07-19 11:15 被阅读0次

七、整合SSM

目录：环境要求、基本环境搭建、代码编写

1.环境要求

IDEA
MySQL 5.7.34
Tomcat 9.0.48
Maven 3.8.1

数据库环境：
以书籍管理为例：
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表。
测试表的创建及添加数据的代码，可下载使用：https://share.weiyun.com/QNwrCNrs，也可以直接复制下方。

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`; 
USE `ssmbuild`; 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`; 
CREATE TABLE `books` ( 
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id', 
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名', 
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量', 
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述', 
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`) 
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'), 
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'), 
(3,'SSM',8,'从光头到秃头'),
(4,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

2.基本环境搭建

1）新建一个Maven项目（ssmbuildaboutbooks），添加web app支持。
2）导入相关的pom依赖。

<dependencies>
  <!-- junit -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.13.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 数据库连接：mysql-connector-java -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.49</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 数据库连接池：druid -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.19</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- servlet和JSP -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.1-b03</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- mybatis -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.7</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- mybatis与spring整合 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.6</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- spring -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.9</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.9</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- lombok -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.20</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

3）Maven资源过滤设置。

<!-- 解决静态资源导出问题 -->
<build>
  <resources>
    <resource>
      <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
      <excludes>
        <exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
        <exclude>**/*.xml</exclude>
      </excludes>
      <filtering>false</filtering>
    </resource>
    <resource>
      <directory>src/main/java</directory>
      <includes>
        <include>**/*.properties</include>
        <include>**/*.xml</include>
      </includes>
      <filtering>false</filtering>
     </resource>
  </resources>
</build>

4）建立基本结构和配置框架。

java文件夹下的基本结构

mybatis-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 
<!DOCTYPE configuration 
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" 
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> 
<configuration> 

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring- beans.xsd">

</beans>

3.代码编写

1）MyBatis层编写
①数据库配置文件database.properties：

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用MySQL 8.0+，需要增加时区的配置 &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&failOverReadOnly=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

②IDEA关联MySQL数据库。
③编写MyBatis的核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <!-- 配置数据源，可以交给Spring去做 -->

  <typeAliases>
    <package name="com.ping.pojo"/>
  </typeAliases>
  <mappers>
    <mapper class="com.ping.dao.BookMapper"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

④编写数据库对应的实体类Books.java：
使用了Lombok插件。

package com.ping.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
  private int bookID;
  private String bookName;
  private int bookCounts;
  private String detail;
}

⑤ 编写Dao层的Mapper接口BookMapper.java：

package com.ping.dao;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
  //增加一本Book
  int addBook(Books book);
  //根据id删除一本Book
  int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
  //更新Book
  int updateBook(Books books);
  //根据id查询，返回一本Book
  Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
  //查询全部的Book，返回一个List集合
  List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

⑥编写接口对应的Mapper.xml文件，需要导入MyBatis的包BookMapper.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ping.dao.BookMapper">
  <!-- 增加一本Book -->
  <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
    insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
    value (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
  </insert>
  <!-- 根据id删除一本Book -->
  <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
    delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookId}
  </delete>
  <!-- 更新Book -->
  <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
    update ssmbuild.books
    set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
    where bookID = #{bookID}
  </update>
  <!-- 根据id查询，返回一本Book -->
  <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
    select * from ssmbuild.books
    where bookID = #{bookId}
  </select>

    <!-- 查询全部的Book -->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books
    </select>
</mapper>

⑦编写Service层的接口和实现类。
接口BookService.java：

package com.ping.service;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
  //增加一本Book
  int addBook(Books book);
  //根据id删除一本Book
  int deleteBookById(int id);
  //更新Book
  int updateBook(Books books);
  //根据id查询，返回一本Book
  Books queryBookById(int id);
  //查询全部的Book，返回一个List集合
  List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

实现类BookServiceImpl.java：

package com.ping.service;
import com.ping.dao.BookMapper;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
  //Service层调用Dao层操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理
  @Autowired
  private BookMapper bookMapper;
  public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
    this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
  }
  public int addBook(Books book) {
    return bookMapper.addBook(book);
  }
  public int deleteBookById(int id) {
    return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
  }
  public int updateBook(Books books) {
    return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
  }
  public Books queryBookById(int id) {
    return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
  }
  public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
    return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
  }
}

2）Spring层编写
①配置Spring整合MyBatis，这里数据源使用alibaba的druid连接池。
②编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件spring-dao.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
  <!-- 配置整合MyBatis -->
  <!-- 关联数据库文件 -->
  <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
  <!-- 数据库连接池：druid -->
  <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1 FROM DUAL" />
  </bean>
  <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <!-- 绑定MyBatis全局配置文件：mybatis-config.xml -->
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/>
  </bean>
  <!--配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.ping.dao"/>
  </bean>
</beans>

数据库连接池：
Ⅰdbcp：半自动化操作，不能自动连接。
Ⅱc3p0：自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件，并且设置到对象里面）。
Ⅲdruid
③Spring整合service层的配置文件spring-service.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd">
  <!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.ping.service"/>
  <!-- BookServiceImpl注入到IoC容器中 -->
  <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.ping.service.BookServiceImpl">
    <property name="BookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
  </bean>
  <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
    <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
  </bean>
</beans>

3）SpringMVC层编写
①web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
  <!-- 配置springmvc的前端控制器，指向spring-mvc.xml程序在启动的时候就加载springmv 可以接受所有请求load-on-startup：表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称， 默认为WEB-INF目录下，名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml，如spring-servlet.xml -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <!-- 将前端URL请求和后台处理方法controller建立对应关系-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>
      org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
    </listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!--encodingFilter-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <!--Session过期时间-->
  <session-config>
    <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
  </session-config>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

②spring-mvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
  <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
  <!-- 开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven/>
  <!-- 静态资源默认servlet配置-->
  <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
  <!-- 配置JSP，显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  </bean>
  <!-- 扫描web相关的bean -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.ping.controller"/>
</beans>

③Spring配置整合文件applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
  <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
  <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
  <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

4）Controller和视图层编写
①编写BookController类BookController.java：

package com.ping.controller;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import com.ping.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
  //controller层调service层
  @Autowired
  @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
  private BookService bookService;
  //查询全部的书籍，并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
  @RequestMapping("/allBook")
  public String list(Model model) {
    List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
    model.addAttribute("list", list);
    return "allBook";
  }
}

②编写首页index.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>首页</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>这是首页</h1>
    <h3>
      <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">连接</a>
    </h3>
  </body>
</html>

③编写获取书籍列表页面allbook.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>书籍展示</h1>
    <table width="600" border="1">
      <tr>
        <td>编号</td>
        <td>名称</td>
        <td>数量</td>
        <td>介绍</td>
      </tr>
      <c:forEach items="${list}" var="book">
        <tr>
          <td>${book.bookID}</td>
          <td>${book.bookName}</td>
          <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
          <td>${book.detail}</td>
        </tr>
      </c:forEach>
    </table>
  </body>
</html>

还可以进行添加书籍、修改书籍、删除书籍等代码编写。
配置Tomcat，进行测试。
项目结构图：

SSM基础项目结构图

SSM基础项目搭建（以书籍管理为例）的代码可下载使用：https://share.weiyun.com/8apKwEFh

SpringMVC之整合SSM

七、整合SSM

1.环境要求

2.基本环境搭建

3.代码编写

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