链接python3就是在cmake的时候，新建一个BUILD_opencv_python3

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树莓派

1.扩展 swap分区

 cd /var && ls
 htop swap
 sudo swapoff swap
 sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=swap bs=1M count=2048
 sudo mkswap swap
 sudo swapon swap

2.编译opencv3.4.1

编译环境安装

  sudo apt-get install build-essential git cmake pkg-config -y
  sudo apt-get install libjpeg8-dev -y
  sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev -y
  sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev -y
  sudo apt-get install libpng12-dev -y
  sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev -y
  sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev -y
  sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran -y

下载源码（直接改版本号即可）

  wget -O opencv-3.4.3.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv/archive/3.4.3.zip
  wget -O opencv_contrib-3.4.3.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/3.4.3.zip

解压文件

  unzip opencv-3.4.1.zip
  unzip opencv_contrib-3.4.1.zip

进入opencv-3.4.1

  mkdir build
  cd build

Cmake编译

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
    -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
    -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/zy/opencv/opencv_contrib-3.4.3/modules ..
    #-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
    #-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES＝ON \
    #-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..

安装

 ＃sudo make 
  sudo make -j4 ＃多线程运行
  sudo make install
  sudo ldconfig

ubuntu

安装官方给的opencv依赖包

GCC 4.4.x or later
CMake 2.6 or higher
Git
GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev) # 控制opencv GUI
pkg-config
Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, - - python-numpy)
ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, - libswscale-dev
[optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
[optional] libdc1394 2.x
[optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

安装opencv依赖包

sudo apt-get install build-essential 
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev 
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev # 处理图像所需的包 
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev 
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev # 处理视频所需的包         
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran # 优化opencv功能 
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
sudo apt-get install python3-numpy
sudo apt-get install cmake-gui

下载opencv源码

https://opencv.org/releases.html

解压进入相应文件夹

unzip opencv-3.4.3.zip
cd opencv-3.4.3

cmake安装

mkdir build
cd build
sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
           -D PYTHON2_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 \
           -D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python2 \
           -D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
           -D BUILD_opencv_python2=ON \
           -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/just/opencv/opencv-3.4.3/opencv_contrib/modules \ ..
sudo make -j8
sudo make install