一、停止docker服务

[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# systemctl stop docker.socket
[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# 
[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# docker ps
Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?

二、迁移数据目录

[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# mv /var/lib/docker/ /lvmdata
[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# ls /lvmdata/
docker
[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# ls /lvmdata/docker/
buildkit  containers  image  network  overlay2  plugins  runtimes  swarm  tmp  trust  volumes

三、修改配置文件

https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/dockerd/

创建/修改配置文件 /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
    "data-root": "/lvmdata/docker"
}

四、启动docker服务，并测试

启动服务

systemctl start docker

查看存储路径

[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# docker info |grep "Docker Root Dir"
 Docker Root Dir: /lvmdata/docker

下载测试镜像，观察存储路径

[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# docker pull busybox
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
22b70bddd3ac: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:6bdd92bf5240be1b5f3bf71324f5e371fe59f0e153b27fa1f1620f78ba16963c
Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
docker.io/library/busybox:latest

[root@VM_11_24_centos ~]# docker inspect busybox
...
...
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "MergedDir": "/lvmdata/docker/overlay2/a8b2d0331c97b85a4e45b69d2695712eabb9ccc029666a93fb51c2cda0b64082/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/lvmdata/docker/overlay2/a8b2d0331c97b85a4e45b69d2695712eabb9ccc029666a93fb51c2cda0b64082/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/lvmdata/docker/overlay2/a8b2d0331c97b85a4e45b69d2695712eabb9ccc029666a93fb51c2cda0b64082/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
...
...