路由系统

restful api中method的使用：

增
    POST  /users/  # 新增一个用户
删
    DELETE  /users/1  # 删除一个用户
改
    PUT  /users/1/  # 全部修改
    patch  /users/1/  # 局部修改
查
    get  /users/  # 用户列表
        /users/1/  # 单个用户

因此我们通常需要两种路由规则来匹配url中有无ID传入：

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^users/$', views.TestView.as_view()),  # http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
    url(r'^users/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.TestView.as_view()),  # http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/  
]

django-restframework中又添加了两种规则，方便我们决定在页面上显示哪种格式的数据：

urlpatterns = [
    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test/
    url(r'^test/$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    
    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test.json/  页面显示json格式
    url(r'^test\.(?P<format>[a-z0-9]+)$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    
    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test/1/  
    url(r'^test/(?P<pk>[^/.]+)/$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    
    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test/1.json/  页面显示json格式
    url(r'^test/(?P<pk>[^/.]+)\.(?P<format>[a-z0-9]+)$', s11_render.TestView.as_view())
]

使用

自定义路由系统

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views import s11_render

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^test/$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    url(r'^test\.(?P<format>[a-z0-9]+)$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    url(r'^test/(?P<pk>[^/.]+)/$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    url(r'^test/(?P<pk>[^/.]+)\.(?P<format>[a-z0-9]+)$', s11_render.TestView.as_view())
]

views.py

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from .. import models

class TestView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        print(kwargs)
        print(self.renderer_classes)
        return Response('...')

半自动路由

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views import s10_generic

"""
在路由中做method与处理视图函数的映射
get 
    - /test/  - list  获取多个
    - /test/1/  - retrieve  获取单个
post
    - /test/  - create  新增
put
    - /test/1/  - update  全部修改
patch
    - /test/1/  - partial_update  局部修改
delete
    - /test/1/  - destroy 删除
"""

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^test/$', s10_generic.UserViewSet.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
    url(r'^test/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', s10_generic.UserViewSet.as_view(
        {'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),
]

views.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework import serializers
from .. import models

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"

class UserViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

全自动路由

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from rest_framework import routers
from web.views import s10_generic

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', s10_generic.UserViewSet)  # 自动生成匹配规则
"""
在路由中做method与处理视图函数的映射
get 
    - /test/  - list  获取多个
    - /test/1/  - retrieve  获取单个
post
    - /test/  - create  新增
put
    - /test/1/  - update  全部修改
patch
    - /test/1/  - partial_update  局部修改
delete
    - /test/1/  - destroy 删除
"""

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
]

views.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework import serializers
from .. import models

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"

class UserViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer