参考链接
- 1、https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/sec_axis.html
- 2、https://www.r-graph-gallery.com/line-chart-dual-Y-axis-ggplot2.html
- 3、https://github.com/alex-koiter/Weather-and-Climate-figures
- 4、https://twitter.com/Alex_Koiter/status/1312458166496501760/photo/1
image.png
代码主要来自于链接3
首先是准备数据的代码
library(tidyverse)
library(lubridate)
#install.packages("devtools")
#install.packages("cli")
#library(devtools)
devtools::install_github("ropensci/weathercan")
#install.packages("weathercan")
library(weathercan)
library(patchwork)
stations_search(name = "brandon")
# Download daily weather data for 2020
df_day <- weather_dl(station_ids = 49909,
interval = "day",
start = "2020-01-01",
end = "2020-12-31")
# download hourly weather data
df_hour <- weather_dl(station_ids = 49909,
interval = "hour",
start = "2020-09-18",
end = "2020-09-28")
# Download daily climate normals
df_normal <- normals_dl(climate_ids = 5010480) %>%
unnest(normals) %>%
filter(period != "Year") %>%
select(period, temp_daily_average, precip) %>%
mutate(date = mdy(paste0(period, "-15-2020")))
# Calculate 2020 monthly precip totals
df_month <- df_day %>%
group_by(month) %>%
summarise(precip = sum(total_precip, na.rm = TRUE)) %>%
mutate(date = mdy(paste0(month, "-15-2020")))
这部分代码大家可以自己试着运行一下，我用R4.0.3版本遇到的报错，没有找到解决办法，换成R4.1.0之后运行成功了
我将示例数据保存下来了，如果以上代码没有运行成功，可以在公众号获取数据，保存数据的代码
save(df_day,df_hour,df_normal,df_month,
file = "20211121.Rdata")
现在用20211121.Rdata 作为开始
首先是读取数据集
load("20211121.Rdata")
第一个图是用到df_normal这个数据集
df_normal
dim(df_normal)
首先是一个柱形图，但这里的柱形图是通过geom_segment()函数实现的
library(ggplot2)
library(lubridate)
作图
ggplot() +
theme_bw() +
geom_segment(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = precip/3 - 30,
xend = date,
yend = -30),
size = 8,
colour = gray(0.5))
image.png
对x轴操作的代码
这里涉及到时间格式的数据如何操作
ggplot() +
theme_bw() +
geom_segment(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = precip/3 - 30,
xend = date,
yend = -30),
size = 8,
colour = gray(0.5))+
scale_x_date(date_labels = "%b",
date_breaks = "1 month",
expand = c(0.01,0.01),
name = "",
limits = (c(as_date("2020-01-01"),
as_date("2020-12-31"))))
image.png
接下来就是对Y轴操作，添加双坐标轴的代码
ggplot() +
theme_bw() +
geom_segment(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = precip/3 - 30,
xend = date,
yend = -30),
size = 8,
colour = gray(0.5))+
scale_x_date(date_labels = "%b",
date_breaks = "1 month",
expand = c(0.01,0.01),
name = "",
limits = (c(as_date("2020-01-01"),
as_date("2020-12-31")))) +
scale_y_continuous(name = expression("Temperature " ( degree*C)),
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ (. + 30) * 3 ,
name = "Precipitation (mm)",
breaks = seq(0,182,20)),
limits = c(-30, 30),
expand = c(0, 0))
image.png
这里有一个小知识点是如果要用摄氏度那个符号，他的写法是expression("Temperature " ( degree*C))
添加拟合曲线的代码
ggplot() +
theme_bw() +
geom_segment(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = precip/3 - 30,
xend = date,
yend = -30),
size = 8,
colour = gray(0.5))+
scale_x_date(date_labels = "%b",
date_breaks = "1 month",
expand = c(0.01,0.01),
name = "",
limits = (c(as_date("2020-01-01"),
as_date("2020-12-31")))) +
scale_y_continuous(name = expression("Temperature " ( degree*C)),
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ (. + 30) * 3 ,
name = "Precipitation (mm)",
breaks = seq(0,182,20)),
limits = c(-30, 30),
expand = c(0, 0))+
stat_smooth(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = temp_daily_average),
method = "loess",
formula = 'y~x',
se = FALSE,
size = 1,
colour = gray(0.5))
image.png
最后是添加了一个文本注释
ggplot() +
theme_bw() +
geom_segment(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = precip/3 - 30,
xend = date,
yend = -30),
size = 8,
colour = gray(0.5)+
scale_x_date(date_labels = month.abb,
date_breaks = "1 month",
expand = c(0.01,0.01),
name = "",
limits = (c(as_date("2020-01-01"),
as_date("2020-12-31")))) +
scale_y_continuous(name = expression("Temperature " ( degree*C)),
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ (. + 30) * 3 ,
name = "Precipitation (mm)",
breaks = seq(0,182,20)),
limits = c(-30, 30),
expand = c(0, 0))+
stat_smooth(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = temp_daily_average),
method = "loess",
formula = 'y~x',
se = FALSE,
size = 1,
colour = gray(0.5))+
annotate(geom="text",
x = as_date("2020-03-15"),
y = 25,
label = "1981-2010 Climate Normals",
color="black")
image.png
文章开头提到的参考链接3里还有3幅图的代码，大家可以自己试着重复一下
完整作图代码
x1<-tidyquant::palette_dark()
cols<-matrix(x1)[,1]
pdf(file = "p1.pdf",
width = 9.4,
height = 4,
family = "serif")
ggplot() +
theme_bw() +
geom_segment(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = precip/3 - 30,
xend = date,
yend = -30),
size = 8,
colour = cols)+
scale_x_date(date_labels = month.abb,
date_breaks = "1 month",
expand = c(0.01,0.01),
name = "",
limits = (c(as_date("2020-01-01"),
as_date("2020-12-31")))) +
scale_y_continuous(name = expression("Temperature " ( degree*C)),
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ (. + 30) * 3 ,
name = "Precipitation (mm)",
breaks = seq(0,182,20)),
limits = c(-30, 30),
expand = c(0, 0))+
stat_smooth(data = df_normal,
aes(x = date,
y = temp_daily_average),
method = "loess",
formula = 'y~x',
se = FALSE,
size = 1,
colour = gray(0.5))+
annotate(geom="text",
x = as_date("2020-03-15"),
y = 25,
label = "1981-2010 Climate Normals",
color="black")
dev.off()
image.png
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