D-K effect
达克效应（英语：D-K effect），全称为邓宁-克鲁格效应（英语：Dunning–Kruger effect），是一种认知偏差，能力欠缺的人有一种虚幻的自我优越感，错误地认为自己比真实情况更加优秀。简言之即：庸人容易因欠缺自知之明而自我膨胀。
Kruger和Dunning将其归咎于元认知上的缺陷，能力欠缺的人无法认识到自身的无能，不能准确评估自身的能力。他们的研究还表明，反之，非常能干的人会低估自己的能力，错误地假定他们自己能够很容易完成的任务，别人也能够很容易地完成
Gartner Hype Cycle
When new technologies make bold promises, how do you discern the hype from what’s commercially viable? And when will such claims pay off, if at all? Gartner Hype Cycles provide a graphic representation of the maturity and adoption of technologies and applications, and how they are potentially relevant to solving real business problems and exploiting new opportunities. Gartner Hype Cycle methodology gives you a view of how a technology or application will evolve over time, providing a sound source of insight to manage its deployment within the context of your specific business goals.
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