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本文由BM转推后本号翻译，原文作者 samupaha，原文地址链接：https://steemit.com/cryptocurrency/@samupaha/the-most-important-aspects-of-the-blockchain-technology#

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以下是全文翻译内容：

The most important aspects of the blockchain technology

区块链技术中最重要的部分

1. Governance 治理

There is always some decisions that have to be made. There will be softforks and hardforks. There will be blockchain parameter adjustments. How these decision are made? Who can participate? The decision making process should be clearly defined to make sure there won't be situations like with Bitcoin right now – it can't make a decision how to scale, even when the blocks are already full. 

区块链的世界中需要调整的时候，总是要作出选择的，就像软分叉和硬分叉事件一样。而这些选择是怎么被确定的呢？谁又可以参与其中？决策过程足够清晰透明，才能避免像比特币那样的情况出现——到了区块拥堵，对如何扩容还是毫无头绪。

It's best to think blockchain as a DAO (decentralized/distributed autonomous organization) because it helps to keep in mind the organizational side of things. Not only technology is important, the system has to be also easy to use by humans. It doesn't matter how great the tech is if it's really difficult to actually get things done with a blockchain.

我们最好是假想区块链中会发生DAO事件，不然很难会把组织管理当回事。技术固然重要，管理系统也应该设计成便于上手操作才行。如果在区块链的世界中很难执行操作，那么技术再先进也是徒劳。

2. Scalability 可扩展性

If the blockchain wants to have lot of users, it must scale. Period. Preferably on-chain because that's what makes it truly peer-to-peer. EOS seems to be the most promising project for scalability.

如果区块链真的想吸引更多用户，就必须扩容。在扩容的这个阶段，为了确保是真正的点对点，最好是在链上进行。EOS在这一点上看起来是最值得期待的项目。

3. Privacy 隐私

If a blockchain is used for currency transactions, as pretty much all of them are, it's important that users can somehow have privacy for their holdings and transactions. Steem is currently very weak in this regard, everything is very easy to see for everybody. If we want steem or SBD to become widely used currencies, there needs to be a privacy feature on the blockchain.

如果区块链被用来做货币交易（几乎都是这样的功能了），那怎么处理资产的持有和交易记录这样的隐私就显得非常重要了。Steem目前在这方面就显得不足，大家可以看到在上面的任何信息。如果我们想Steem和SBD变成广泛使用的货币，就需要考虑怎么完善在区块链上的隐私功能了。

4. Free transactions 免费交易

One of the greatest blockchain innovations of last year was free transactions implemented by Steem. Still very underrated feature and not recognized by the rest of the cryptosphere. But I predict that people will have to acknowledge that it's pretty damn great feature that can be used for many applications which are impossible with transaction fees.

Steem发布的免费交易是去年区块链最创新的功能之一。虽然不被看好，也没有得到圈子内更多的认可。不过我预测，未来很多不太可能付费的应用程序需要它时，大家将会意识到它有多棒。

5. Named accounts 命名账户

Should be self-evident? Nobody wants to use public keys as addresses.

这个应该比较明显了，没有人会想要把公钥做地址。

6. Price stable cryptocurrencies 价格稳定的加密货币

Mainstream markets need something price stable for everyday use. Most people do not like when prices are too volatile. Also there is growing demand by cryptotraders who want an alternative for real fiat currencies that are very risky because governments can interfere with their transfers. Not a surprise that SBD has been lately valued for more than one dollar: the demand is huge.

大多数人不喜欢价格太过波动，主流市场需要价格稳定的日常消耗。区块链的世界里，这些让法定货币地位下降的交易员需求越来越大，这看起来很有风险，因为政府肯定会在这个转变过程中插手的。不出所料的是，最近SBD的价格超过了一美元——需求量在变大。

7. Trusted/reliable smartcontracts 值得信赖／靠谱的智能合约

Wouldn't it be great if people could actually trust in smartcontracts? Reliability is linked to the language that is used for the code. Tauchain aims to be the king in this market by introducing a language that is very reliable, but it's still in the initial development stage. Tezos is also emphasizing this.

如果大家都信任智能合约，那不是很棒吗？智能合约中选择什么语言的代码会影响合约的可靠性，Tauchain的目标是使用一个可靠的程序语言成为市场的巨头，虽然它现处初期的发展阶段。Tezos也强调这一点的重要性。

8. Off-chain computation markets 脱链应用的市场

What if you want to make a smartcontract that needs more computing power than a blockchain itself can provide? It's possible to outsource it. Projects like Golem, iExec and Truebit are focusing on this.

如果你想要的是更多的程序功能，而不是区块链自带特性的智能合约，怎么办呢？你是可以把功能外包的，像Golem, iExec 和Truebit这些项目正在尝试着手这个领域。

英文原文链接：https://steemit.com/cryptocurrency/@samupaha/the-most-important-aspects-of-the-blockchain-technology#

翻译：Lochaiching

校正：Sheldon

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