VxLAN是一种overlay技术，将二层以太网帧封装在UDP报文里面，穿过骨干三层underlay IP网络，VxLAN的24 bytes的VNID，使得现有的二层网络得到了很好的扩展，尤其是在云计算大数据时代，是主流的大二层组网方案。VxLAN有两种实现方式：
- 基于组播的VxLAN，它是一种数据驱动式的泛洪与学习（driven flood-&-learn），没有控制面，通过组播来传送VxLAN BUM流量（Broadcast, Unknown Unicast and Multicast）
- 以EVPN作为控制面的VxLAN，EVPN通过MP-BGP来自动发现和认证VTEP邻居，通过MP-BGP来通告主机MAC/IP地址
image.png
实验拓扑：构造如下拓扑，来进行以EVPN作为控制面的VxLAN的实验。
EVPN VXLAN.png
实验目的：验证同一VxLAN以及不同VxLAN中的主机可以互通。
实验环境：本实验使用EVE-NG来模拟，VTEP-1/2，和RR均使用NXOS，镜像版本如下
Used images for lab:
nxosv9k-7.0.3.I7.1, x4CPU, 8Gb RAM each
IOL L3 15.4.2T Routers
vIOS L2 15.2 Switches
VPCS VMs
实验步骤：
第一步：完成基本配置，实现同一VxLAN下主机的互通
配置VTEP-1
VTEP-1# show running-config
nv overlay evpn
feature ospf
feature bgp
feature pim
feature interface-vlan
feature vn-segment-vlan-based
feature nv overlay
ip pim rp-address 100.100.100.3 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
ip pim ssm range 232.0.0.0/8
vlan 1,200,210
vlan 200
vn-segment 20000
vlan 210
vn-segment 20010
interface nve1
no shutdown
host-reachability protocol bgp
source-interface loopback0
member vni 20000
mcast-group 230.1.1.1
member vni 20010
mcast-group 230.1.1.2
interface Ethernet1/1
switchport mode trunk
switchport trunk allowed vlan 200,210
interface Ethernet1/2
no switchport
ip address 20.1.1.2/24
ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0
ip pim sparse-mode
no shutdown
interface loopback0
ip address 100.100.100.1/32
ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0
ip pim sparse-mode
router ospf 1
router-id 100.100.100.1
router bgp 100
router-id 100.100.100.1
log-neighbor-changes
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 100.100.100.3
remote-as 100
update-source loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
send-community extended
evpn
vni 20000 l2
rd auto
route-target import auto
route-target export auto
vni 20010 l2
rd auto
route-target import auto
route-target export auto
VTEP-1#
配置VTEP-2
VTEP-2# show running-config
nv overlay evpn
feature ospf
feature bgp
feature pim
feature interface-vlan
feature vn-segment-vlan-based
feature nv overlay
ip pim rp-address 100.100.100.3 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
ip pim ssm range 232.0.0.0/8
vlan 1,200,210
vlan 200
vn-segment 20000
vlan 210
vn-segment 20010
interface nve1
no shutdown
host-reachability protocol bgp
source-interface loopback0
member vni 20000
mcast-group 230.1.1.1
member vni 20010
mcast-group 230.1.1.2
interface Ethernet1/1
switchport mode trunk
switchport trunk allowed vlan 200,210
interface Ethernet1/2
no switchport
ip address 30.1.1.2/24
ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0
ip pim sparse-mode
no shutdown
interface loopback0
ip address 100.100.100.2/32
ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0
ip pim sparse-mode
router ospf 1
router-id 100.100.100.2
router bgp 100
router-id 100.100.100.2
log-neighbor-changes
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 100.100.100.3
remote-as 100
update-source loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
send-community extended
evpn
vni 20000 l2
rd auto
route-target import auto
route-target export auto
vni 20010 l2
rd auto
route-target import auto
route-target export auto
VTEP-2#
配置RR
RR# show running-config
nv overlay evpn
feature ospf
feature bgp
feature pim
feature interface-vlan
feature vn-segment-vlan-based
feature nv overlay
ip pim rp-address 100.100.100.3 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
ip pim ssm range 232.0.0.0/8
interface Ethernet1/1
no switchport
ip address 20.1.1.1/24
ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0
ip pim sparse-mode
no shutdown
interface Ethernet1/2
no switchport
ip address 30.1.1.1/24
ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0
ip pim sparse-mode
no shutdown
interface loopback0
ip address 100.100.100.3/32
ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0
ip pim sparse-mode
router ospf 1
router-id 100.100.100.3
router bgp 100
router-id 100.100.100.3
log-neighbor-changes
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 100.100.100.1
remote-as 100
update-source loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
send-community extended
route-reflector-client
neighbor 100.100.100.2
remote-as 100
update-source loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
send-community extended
route-reflector-client
RR#
配置Switch1
Switch1#show running-config
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
media-type rj45
negotiation auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
switchport access vlan 200
media-type rj45
negotiation auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
switchport access vlan 210
media-type rj45
negotiation auto
!
Switch1#
配置Switch2
Switch2#show running-config
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
media-type rj45
negotiation auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
switchport access vlan 200
media-type rj45
negotiation auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
switchport access vlan 210
media-type rj45
negotiation auto
!
Switch2#
VM1 Ping测试VM3
VM1> ping 192.168.1.11
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=35.080 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=19.675 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=17.657 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=24.238 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=16.781 ms
VM1>
VM2 Ping测试VM4
VM2> ping 172.16.1.11
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=47.187 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=20.255 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=20.980 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=18.804 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=26.887 ms
VM2>
查看VTEP-1的EVPN邻居关系
VTEP-1# show bgp l2vpn evpn summary
BGP summary information for VRF default, address family L2VPN EVPN
BGP router identifier 100.100.100.1, local AS number 100
BGP table version is 34, L2VPN EVPN config peers 1, capable peers 1
6 network entries and 6 paths using 1128 bytes of memory
BGP attribute entries [4/640], BGP AS path entries [0/0]
BGP community entries [0/0], BGP clusterlist entries [1/4]
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd
100.100.100.3 4 100 62 53 34 0 0 00:39:55 2
VTEP-1#
查看VTEP-2的EVPN邻居关系
VTEP-2# show bgp l2vpn evpn summary
BGP summary information for VRF default, address family L2VPN EVPN
BGP router identifier 100.100.100.2, local AS number 100
BGP table version is 34, L2VPN EVPN config peers 1, capable peers 1
6 network entries and 6 paths using 1128 bytes of memory
BGP attribute entries [4/640], BGP AS path entries [0/0]
BGP community entries [0/0], BGP clusterlist entries [1/4]
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd
100.100.100.3 4 100 61 55 34 0 0 00:40:35 2
VTEP-2#
查看RR的EVPN邻居关系
RR# show bgp l2vpn evpn summary
BGP summary information for VRF default, address family L2VPN EVPN
BGP router identifier 100.100.100.3, local AS number 100
BGP table version is 28, L2VPN EVPN config peers 2, capable peers 2
4 network entries and 4 paths using 928 bytes of memory
BGP attribute entries [2/320], BGP AS path entries [0/0]
BGP community entries [0/0], BGP clusterlist entries [0/0]
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd
100.100.100.1 4 100 60 54 28 0 0 00:40:48 2
100.100.100.2 4 100 62 51 28 0 0 00:40:57 2
RR#
查看VTEP-1的EVPN路由更新条目
VTEP-1# show bgp l2vpn evpn
BGP routing table information for VRF default, address family L2VPN EVPN
BGP table version is 34, Local Router ID is 100.100.100.1
Status: s-suppressed, x-deleted, S-stale, d-dampened, h-history, *-valid, >-best
Path type: i-internal, e-external, c-confed, l-local, a-aggregate, r-redist, I-i
njected
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete, | - multipath, & - backup
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.1:32967 (L2VNI 20000)
*>l[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6806]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.1 100 32768 i
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.2 100 0 i
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.1:32977 (L2VNI 20010)
*>l[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6807]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.1 100 32768 i
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6809]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.2 100 0 i
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.2:32967
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.2 100 0 i
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.2:32977
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6809]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.2 100 0 i
VTEP-1#
查看VTEP-2的EVPN路由更新条目
VTEP-2# show bgp l2vpn evpn
BGP routing table information for VRF default, address family L2VPN EVPN
BGP table version is 34, Local Router ID is 100.100.100.2
Status: s-suppressed, x-deleted, S-stale, d-dampened, h-history, *-valid, >-best
Path type: i-internal, e-external, c-confed, l-local, a-aggregate, r-redist, I-i
njected
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete, | - multipath, & - backup
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.1:32967
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6806]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.1 100 0 i
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.1:32977
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6807]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.1 100 0 i
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.2:32967 (L2VNI 20000)
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6806]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.1 100 0 i
*>l[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.2 100 32768 i
Route Distinguisher: 100.100.100.2:32977 (L2VNI 20010)
*>i[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6807]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.1 100 0 i
*>l[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6809]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/216
100.100.100.2 100 32768 i
VTEP-2#
查看VTEP-1的EVPN MAC学习
VTEP-1# show l2route evpn mac all
Flags -(Rmac):Router MAC (Stt):Static (L):Local (R):Remote (V):vPC link
(Dup):Duplicate (Spl):Split (Rcv):Recv (AD):Auto-Delete (D):Del Pending
(S):Stale (C):Clear, (Ps):Peer Sync (O):Re-Originated (Nho):NH-Override
(Pf):Permanently-Frozen
Topology Mac Address Prod Flags Seq No Next-Hops
----------- -------------- ------ ------------- ---------- ----------------
200 0050.7966.6806 Local L, 0 Eth1/1
200 0050.7966.6808 BGP Rcv 0 100.100.100.2
210 0050.7966.6807 Local L, 0 Eth1/1
210 0050.7966.6809 BGP Rcv 0 100.100.100.2
VTEP-1#
查看VTEP-2的EVPN MAC学习
VTEP-2# show l2route evpn mac all
Flags -(Rmac):Router MAC (Stt):Static (L):Local (R):Remote (V):vPC link
(Dup):Duplicate (Spl):Split (Rcv):Recv (AD):Auto-Delete (D):Del Pending
(S):Stale (C):Clear, (Ps):Peer Sync (O):Re-Originated (Nho):NH-Override
(Pf):Permanently-Frozen
Topology Mac Address Prod Flags Seq No Next-Hops
----------- -------------- ------ ------------- ---------- ----------------
200 0050.7966.6806 BGP Rcv 0 100.100.100.1
200 0050.7966.6808 Local L, 0 Eth1/1
210 0050.7966.6807 BGP Rcv 0 100.100.100.1
210 0050.7966.6809 Local L, 0 Eth1/1
VTEP-2#
重建BGP邻居
RR# clear ip bgp *
在VTEP-1上查看BGP updates信息
VTEP-1# debug bgp updates
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.361546 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [IPv4 Unicast] Starting update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#0)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.361619 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [IPv4 Unicast] Found marker dest 0xd7a9ef64 on xmitlist for peer 100.100.100.3 (sent prefixes: 0)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.361694 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [IPv4 Unicast] Created EOR marker UPDATE msg (len 29) to peer 100.100.100.3 after sending 0 routes
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.362218 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [IPv4 Unicast] (#4) Suspending update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#0)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.362234 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] Continuing update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#0)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.362241 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] Found marker dest 0xd7bb53be on xmitlist for peer 100.100.100.3 (sent prefixes: 0)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.362255 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] Created EOR marker UPDATE msg (len 29) to peer 100.100.100.3 after sending 0 routes
2017 Dec 28 01:50:12.362262 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] (#41) Suspending update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#41)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.760968 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] Continuing update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#41)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.761099 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] consider sending 100.100.100.1:32967:[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6806]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/112 to peer 100.100.100.3, path-id 1, best-ext is off
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.761338 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: 100.100.100.3 Sending attr code 1, length 1, Origin: IGP
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.761747 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: 100.100.100.3 Sending attr code 5, length 4, Local-pref: 100
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.762554 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: 100.100.100.3 Sending attr code 16, length 16, Ext-community: RT:100:20000 ENCAP:8
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.762597 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: 100.100.100.3 Sending attr code 14 (Mp-reach), length 44, nexthop/length: 100.100.100.1/4
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.762665 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] 100.100.100.3 Created UPD msg (len 104) with prefix 100.100.100.1:32967:[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6806]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/112 (Not Installed in HW) path-id 1 for peer
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.762709 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] 100.100.100.3: walked 0 nodes and packed 0/0 prefixes (104 bytes)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:34.763825 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] (#42) Finished update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#42)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.782806 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Received UPDATE message from 100.100.100.3
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.782875 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: 100.100.100.3 parsed UPDATE message from peer, len 118 , withdraw len 0, attr len 95, nlri len 0
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.782891 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Attr code 1, length 1, Origin: IGP
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.782921 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Attr code 5, length 4, Local-pref: 100
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.782942 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Attr code 16, length 16, Ext-community: RT:100:20000 ENCAP:8
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.782951 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Attr code 9, length 4, Originator: 100.100.100.2
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.782958 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Attr code 10, length 4, Cluster-list
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.785367 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Peer 100.100.100.3 nexthop length in MP reach: 4
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.785486 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Recvd NEXTHOP 100.100.100.2
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.785498 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Attr code 14, length 44, Mp-reach
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.785601 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: Received ESI 0000.0000.0000.0000.0000 for route type 2 from peer 100.100.100.3
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.785641 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] Received rd 100.100.100.2:32967 prefix [2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/112 from peer 100.100.100.3, origin 0, next hop 100.100.100.2, localpref 100, med 0
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.787998 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] Starting update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#42)
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.788048 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] consider sending 100.100.100.2:32967:[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/112 to peer 100.100.100.3, path-id 1, best-ext is off
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.788073 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] 100.100.100.3 100.100.100.2:32967:[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/112 path-id 1 not sent to peer due to: advertising peer
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.788348 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] consider sending 100.100.100.1:32967:[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/112 to peer 100.100.100.3, path-id 1, best-ext is off
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.788372 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] 100.100.100.3 100.100.100.1:32967:[2]:[0]:[0]:[48]:[0050.7966.6808]:[0]:[0.0.0.0]/112 path-id 1 not sent to peer due to: advertising peer
2017 Dec 28 01:50:35.788451 bgp: [26340] (default) UPD: [L2VPN EVPN] (#44) Finished update run for peer 100.100.100.3 (#44)
VTEP-1#
第二步：实现不同VxLAN下主机的互通
- 配置anycast-gateway-mac地址
- 针对不同租户配置VRF
- 为VRF创建L3 VNI
- 配置anycast-gateway
- 在每个租户VRF的address-family ipv4 unicast地址族下启用EVPN路由通告
image.png
VTEP-1配置
fabric forwarding anycast-gateway-mac 0002.0002.0002
vlan 200,210,3900
vlan 3900
name l3-vni-vlan-for-tenant-1
vn-segment 39000
vrf context evpn-tenant-1
vni 39000
rd auto
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 39000:39000
route-target export 39000:39000
route-target both auto evpn
interface Vlan200
no shutdown
vrf member evpn-tenant-1
ip address 192.168.1.254/24
fabric forwarding mode anycast-gateway
interface Vlan210
no shutdown
vrf member evpn-tenant-1
ip address 172.16.1.254/24
fabric forwarding mode anycast-gateway
interface Vlan3900
description l3-vni-for-tenant-1-routing
no shutdown
vrf member evpn-tenant-1
ip address 12.1.1.1/30
fabric forwarding mode anycast-gateway
router bgp 100
router-id 100.100.100.1
log-neighbor-changes
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 100.100.100.3
remote-as 100
update-source loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
send-community extended
vrf evpn-tenant-1
address-family ipv4 unicast
advertise l2vpn evpn
vrf evpn-tenant-2
address-family ipv4 unicast
advertise l2vpn evpn
VTEP-2配置
fabric forwarding anycast-gateway-mac 0002.0002.0002
vlan 200,210,3900
vlan 3900
name l3-vni-vlan-for-tenant-1
vn-segment 39000
vrf context evpn-tenant-1
vni 39000
rd auto
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 39000:39000
route-target export 39000:39000
route-target both auto evpn
interface Vlan200
no shutdown
vrf member evpn-tenant-1
ip address 192.168.1.254/24
fabric forwarding mode anycast-gateway
interface Vlan210
no shutdown
vrf member evpn-tenant-1
ip address 172.16.1.254/24
fabric forwarding mode anycast-gateway
interface Vlan3900
description l3-vni-for-tenant-1-routing
no shutdown
vrf member evpn-tenant-1
ip address 12.1.1.1/30
fabric forwarding mode anycast-gateway
router bgp 100
router-id 100.100.100.2
log-neighbor-changes
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 100.100.100.3
remote-as 100
update-source loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
send-community extended
vrf evpn-tenant-1
address-family ipv4 unicast
advertise l2vpn evpn
vrf evpn-tenant-2
address-family ipv4 unicast
advertise l2vpn evpn
VM1> ping 192.168.1.11
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=21.972 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=17.022 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=21.564 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=21.546 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.1.11 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=17.653 ms
VM1> ping 172.16.1.11
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=25.515 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=33.164 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=31.302 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=21.556 ms
84 bytes from 172.16.1.11 icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 time=29.198 ms
VM1>
相同VxLAN间通信封装的是L2的VNI是20000
image.png
不同VxLAN间通信封装的是L3 VNI是39000
image.png
第三步：实现外部路由的注入
如下图所示，WAN-R1上面向VxLAN网络注入三条路由，8.8.8.8/32、100.0.0.0/24、100.0.1.0/24
image.png
VTEP-2配置
interface Ethernet1/3
no switchport
vrf member evpn-tenant-1
ip address 40.1.1.1/24
no shutdown
router bgp 100
router-id 100.100.100.2
log-neighbor-changes
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 100.100.100.3
remote-as 100
update-source loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
address-family l2vpn evpn
send-community extended
vrf evpn-tenant-1
address-family ipv4 unicast
network 192.168.1.0/24
advertise l2vpn evpn
neighbor 40.1.1.2
remote-as 200
address-family ipv4 unicast
prefix-list outbound-no-hosts out
evpn
vni 20000 l2
rd auto
route-target import auto
route-target export auto
vni 20010 l2
rd auto
route-target import auto
route-target export auto
vrf context evpn-tenant-1
rd auto
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 39000:39000
route-target export 39000:39000
route-target both auto evpn
VTEP-2#
WAN-R1配置
！
interface Loopback100
ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255
end
!
interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 40.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
end
！
router bgp 200
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 40.1.1.1 remote-as 100
!
address-family ipv4
network 8.8.8.8 mask 255.255.255.255
network 100.0.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
network 100.0.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
neighbor 40.1.1.1 activate
exit-address-family
！
ip route 100.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 Null0
ip route 100.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 Null0
！
VM1 Ping测WAN-R1发布的8.8.8.8
VM1> ping 8.8.8.8
84 bytes from 8.8.8.8 icmp_seq=1 ttl=253 time=23.228 ms
84 bytes from 8.8.8.8 icmp_seq=2 ttl=253 time=22.362 ms
84 bytes from 8.8.8.8 icmp_seq=3 ttl=253 time=28.130 ms
84 bytes from 8.8.8.8 icmp_seq=4 ttl=253 time=20.304 ms
84 bytes from 8.8.8.8 icmp_seq=5 ttl=253 time=24.945 ms
VM1>
VTEP-1上面收到WAN-R1发布的路由8.8.8.8/32、100.0.0.0/24、100.0.1.0/24
VTEP-1# show ip route vrf evpn-tenant-1
IP Route Table for VRF "evpn-tenant-1"
'*' denotes best ucast next-hop
'**' denotes best mcast next-hop
'[x/y]' denotes [preference/metric]
'%<string>' in via output denotes VRF <string>
8.8.8.8/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0
*via 100.100.100.2%default, [200/0], 00:30:39, bgp-100, internal, tag 200 (e
vpn) segid: 39000 tunnelid: 0x64646402 encap: VXLAN
12.1.1.0/30, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 12.1.1.1, Vlan3900, [0/0], 01:39:24, direct
12.1.1.1/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 12.1.1.1, Vlan3900, [0/0], 01:39:24, local
100.0.0.0/24, ubest/mbest: 1/0
*via 100.100.100.2%default, [200/0], 00:30:39, bgp-100, internal, tag 200 (e
vpn) segid: 39000 tunnelid: 0x64646402 encap: VXLAN
100.0.1.0/24, ubest/mbest: 1/0
*via 100.100.100.2%default, [200/0], 00:30:39, bgp-100, internal, tag 200 (e
vpn) segid: 39000 tunnelid: 0x64646402 encap: VXLAN
172.16.1.0/24, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 172.16.1.254, Vlan210, [0/0], 01:39:24, direct
172.16.1.10/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 172.16.1.10, Vlan210, [190/0], 00:55:10, hmm
172.16.1.11/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0
*via 100.100.100.2%default, [200/0], 00:54:13, bgp-100, internal, tag 100 (e
vpn) segid: 39000 tunnelid: 0x64646402 encap: VXLAN
172.16.1.254/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 172.16.1.254, Vlan210, [0/0], 01:39:24, local
192.168.1.0/24, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 192.168.1.254, Vlan200, [0/0], 01:39:24, direct
192.168.1.10/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 192.168.1.10, Vlan200, [190/0], 00:55:02, hmm
192.168.1.11/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0
*via 100.100.100.2%default, [200/0], 00:01:59, bgp-100, internal, tag 100 (e
vpn) segid: 39000 tunnelid: 0x64646402 encap: VXLAN
192.168.1.254/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0, attached
*via 192.168.1.254, Vlan200, [0/0], 01:39:24, local
VTEP-1#
实验总结：至此实验目的已经全部达成。使用EVPN的VxLAN方案，先天的转控分离更适合在SDN方案中部署，后续继续进行VxLAN在SDN中的实验。
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