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三、结构化程式与自定义函数

三、结构化程式与自定义函数

作者: 看远方的星 | 来源:发表于2021-06-27 11:16 被阅读0次

1、Script writing
2、Structured programming
3、User-defined function

1、Script writing

1.1 MATLAB Script
  • A file containing a series of MATLAB commands
  • Pretty much like a C/C++program
  • Scripts need to be saved to a <file>.m file before they can be run
image.png image.png
for i=1:10
    x=linspace(0,10,101);
    plot(x,sin(x+i));
    print(gcf,'-deps', strcat('plot',num2str(i),'.ps'));
end

结果:


image.png

debug:


image.png
image.png
1.2 Script Flow
  • Typically scripts run from the first line to the last


    image.png
  • Structured programming techniques(subroutine,loop, condition,etc)are applied to make the program looks neat

Flow Control:


image.png

Relational(Logical)Operators:


image.png
  • if elseif else
if condition1  # 条件
    statement1  # 动作
elseif condition2
    statement2
else
    statement3
end

例子:

a = 3;
if rem(a,2) == 0  # rem是求余数的函数
    disp('a is even')  # even偶数
else
    disp('a is odd')  # odd奇数
end
  • "elseif" and "else" are optional

  • switch

switch expression
case value1    
    statement1
case value2
    statement2

otherwise
    statement
end

例如:

input_num = 1;
switch input_num
    case -1
        disp('negative 1');
    case 0
        disp('zero');
    case 1
        disp('positive 1');
    otherwise
        disp('other value');
end

结果:

>> M03
positive 1
  • while
while expression
      statement
end

例子:

n = 1;
while prod(1:n) < 1e100     % prod()各元素相乘   e100是10的100次方
    n = n + 1;
end
n

结果:

>> M03
n =
    70
Exercise

Use while loop to calculate the summation of the series 1+2+3+...+999

n = 1
a=0
while n<1000
    a = a + n
    n = n+1
end
a

结果:

a =
      499500

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