Struts 2 数据验证的两种方式——手动验证和xml验证

作者: 周大侠_2409 | 来源:发表于2018-09-20 08:09 被阅读0次

1. 手动验证——通过编写action进行验证

建立表单 login_1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
  <body>
    <form action="dataAction.action" method="post">
         name:<input name="name" type="text"><br>
         age:<input name="age" type="text"><br>
         <input type="submit" value="登陆">
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

struts.xml编写

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
      <!-- 
                    数据验证,手动验证
       -->
      <package name="checke" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
           <action name="dataAction" class="actions.dataAction" method="execute">
                 <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
                 <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
           </action>
      </package>
</struts>

src下建立actions包，在里面编写data.Action.java
- addFieldError()方法执行后到<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>,跳转到index对应的页面。
- 若action中有多个方法
  validate()验证对所有方法都有效
- 若想只对某方法进行验证，如Login()
  修改validate()→validatelogin()

package actions;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class dataAction extends ActionSupport {
    private String name;
    private String age;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public void validate(){
        if (name == null || name.equals("")){
            addFieldError("name","姓名不能为空:"+name);
        }
        if (age == null || name.equals("")){
            addFieldError("age","年龄不能为空:"+age);
        }else if(!isInteger(age)){
            addFieldError("age","年龄输入不合理:"+age);
        }else if(Integer.parseInt(age)>100 && Integer.parseInt(age)<1){
            addFieldError("age","请输入年龄在0-100之间:"+age);
        }
        System.out.println("name:"+name+";age:"+age);
    }
    //判断字符串是否为整数
    public static boolean isInteger(String str) {  
            Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^[-\\+]?[\\d]*$");  
            return pattern.matcher(str).matches();  
    }
    public String execute(){
        return "success";
    }

}

编写index.jsp页面
- 在jsp页面中使用struts标签时需要加入如下语句:
  <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
  <s:fielderror>标签：
  如：addFieldError("name","姓名不能为空")执行后，
```
   <s:fielderror>
          <s:param>name</s:param>
      </s:fielderror>
```
这段语句将获取name对应的值姓名不能为空

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
        <s:fielderror>
            <s:param>name</s:param>
        </s:fielderror>
        <s:fielderror>
            <s:param>age</s:param>
        </s:fielderror>
  </body>
</html>

编写success.jsp页面：
- <s:property>标签：
```
 name:<s:property value="name"/><br>
  age:<s:property value="age"/>
```
- 通过<s:property>标签返回name和age的值。

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
        name:<s:property value="name"/><br>
        age:<s:property value="age"/>
  </body>
</html>

2. XML验证

struts提供了一套标准的表单验证机制，通过配置文件可以调用系统的16个表单验证器进行表单验证
- 约束信息
  xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd
- 16个表单验证器在哪里？
  xwork-core-2.3.24.1.jar
  →com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators
  →default.xml
新建一个登陆界面login_2.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
  <body>
     <form action="dataAction1.action" method="post">
         name:<input name="name" type="text"><br>
         age:<input name="age" type="text"><br>
         <input type="submit" value="登陆">
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

编写struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
      <!-- 
                    数据验证,xml验证
       -->
      <package name="checke" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
           <action name="dataAction1" class="actions.dataAction1" method="execute">
                 <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
                 <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
     
           </action>
      </package>
</struts>

在src/actions下编写java类

package actions;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class dataAction1 extends ActionSupport {
    private String name;
    private String age;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String execute(){
        return "success";
    }
}

在src/actions下建立xml格式文件。
- 命名规则：
  1. 数据验证用户是整个Action对象：
    ActionName-validation.xml
  2. 只是对Action对象中的特定方法进行验证:
    ActionName-AliasName-validation.xml
    ActionName 为Action类名
    AliasName 为Action的name属性的名称。
    例如：有struts文件如下：

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
      <package name="checke" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
           <action name="ActionloginUser" class="actions.dataAction" method="User">
                 <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
                 <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
           </action>
          <action name="Actionloginadmin" class="actions.dataAction" method="admin">
                 <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
                 <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
           </action>
      </package>
</struts>

想要验证整个Action对象，xml为: dataAction-validation.xml
只是验证action里面的admin方法，xml为：dataAction-Actionloginadmin-validation.xml

编写dataAction1-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN" 
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">
<validators>
    <field name="name">
        <field-validator type="requiredstring">
            <message>
                姓名不能为空
            </message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>
    <field name="age">
        <field-validator type="requiredstring">
            <message>
                年龄不能为空
            </message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>
</validators>

编写结果界面，sucess.jsp index.jsp 参考手动验证的编写。

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Struts 2 数据验证的两种方式——手动验证和xml验证

1. 手动验证——通过编写action进行验证

2. XML验证

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