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镜像修改后,打包成自己的镜像

镜像修改后,打包成自己的镜像

作者: 蛐蛐儿阳 | 来源:发表于2021-12-16 10:46 被阅读0次

    一:问题其实不复杂,docker也完了几年了。最重要的是要了解镜像和容器的概念。我总是下载好镜像,我的理解是虚拟机,然后在里面安装了自己的软件,想保存后方便使用,这不就是docker存在的意义嘛?

    1265713-20190402151517616-1614953387.png
    可每次都打包成了原有镜像, 下载下来,和原镜像没区别。其实我要打包的是更改后的容器。
    理解了镜像和容器,往下走。
    参考网站 https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/9599988.html
    查看镜像
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    docker.io/ubuntu    16.04               7aa3602ab41e        5 weeks ago         115 MB
     
    创建一个名为myubuntu的容器
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker run -ti --name myubuntu -d docker.io/ubuntu
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
    651a8541a47d        docker.io/ubuntu    "/bin/bash"         37 seconds ago      Up 36 seconds                           myubuntu
     
     
    docker commit :从容器创建一个新的镜像。
    # docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
    -a :提交的镜像作者;
    -c :使用Dockerfile指令来创建镜像;
    -m :提交时的说明文字;
    -p :在commit时,将容器暂停。
     
    根据这个myubuntu容器提交镜像
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker commit -a "wangshibo" -m "this is test" 651a8541a47d myubuntu:v1
    sha256:6ce4aedd12cda693d0bbb857cc443a56f9f569106e09ec61aa53563d0932ea4d
     
    再次查看镜像,发现镜像myubuntu:v1已经提交到本地了
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    myubuntu            v1                  6ce4aedd12cd        59 seconds ago      84.1 MB
    docker.io/ubuntu    16.04               7aa3602ab41e        5 weeks ago         115 MB
     
    在mybuntu:v1镜像推送到docker hub仓库中去
    # docker push [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG]
    OPTIONS说明:
    --disable-content-trust :忽略镜像的校验,默认开启
     
     
    首先是登录docker hub (用户名:wangshibo    密码:*******)
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker login
    Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
    Username (wangshibo): wangshibo
    Password:
    Login Succeeded
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker push wangshibo/myubuntu:v1
    The push refers to a repository [docker.io/wangshibo/myubuntu]
    An image does not exist locally with the tag: docker.io/wangshibo/myubuntu
     
    这里需要将ubuntu:v1镜像改名,在名称前加上自己的docker hub的Docker ID,即wangshibo
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker tag 6ce4aedd12cd wangshibo/myubuntu:v1
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    myubuntu             v1                  6ce4aedd12cd        6 minutes ago       84.1 MB
    wangshibo/myubuntu   v1                  6ce4aedd12cd        6 minutes ago       84.1 MB
    docker.io/ubuntu     16.04               7aa3602ab41e        5 weeks ago         115 MB
     
    再次进行推送(注意:下面的v1的tag标签可以不打,默认是latest)。推送操作时间稍微会有一点长,耐心等待~
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker push wangshibo/myubuntu:v1           
    The push refers to a repository [docker.io/wangshibo/myubuntu]
    b5948ba9486d: Pushed
    8d7ea83e3c62: Mounted from library/ubuntu
    6a061ee02432: Mounted from library/ubuntu
    f73b2816c52a: Mounted from library/ubuntu
    6267b420796f: Mounted from library/ubuntu
    a30b835850bf: Mounted from library/ubuntu
    v1: digest: sha256:e9cd9075d262848a307c92751e1a5890d883b814a31abd118161442461a1ca2d size: 1564
     
    最后登录自己的Docker Hub,即https://hub.docker.com/
    登录后,在Repositories里面就可以看到自己在上面推送的镜像wangshibo/myubuntu:v1了,这是个对外的镜像,可以在网络上下载。
    在Docker hub上可以看到这个镜像的下载命令(注意下载时跟上tag标签,如果是latest的默认tag可以不跟)
    也可以直接在Docker hub上删除这个镜像(Repositories-镜像-Settings-delete)
     
     
    比如在另一台服务器上下载这个镜像
    [root@kevin-test ~]# docker pull wangshibo/myubuntu
    Pulling repository wangshibo/myubuntu
    Repository not found
     
    需要跟上tag标签
    [root@kevin-test ~]# docker pull wangshibo/myubuntu:v1
    v1: Pulling from wangshibo/myubuntu
    68e2a091ef24: Pull complete
    8f9dd35f6299: Pull complete
    a81a6171600b: Pull complete
    a211a2bc7010: Pull complete
    9e71a0b4f83a: Pull complete
    0cf75bb335aa: Pull complete
    c393a882769e: Pull complete
    Digest: sha256:845fa3dcc9d0de1b9c701e1009918995da35a29012015f6c297a05edc489e018
    Status: Downloaded newer image for wangshibo/myubuntu:v1
    [root@kevin-test ~]# docker  images
    REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
    wangshibo/myubuntu   v1                  c393a882769e        12 minutes ago      84.11 MB
     
     
    在本机删除这个镜像
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    myubuntu             v1                  6ce4aedd12cd        15 minutes ago      84.1 MB
    wangshibo/myubuntu   v1                  6ce4aedd12cd        15 minutes ago      84.1 MB
    docker.io/ubuntu     16.04               7aa3602ab41e        5 weeks ago         115 MB
     
    注意上面有两个6ce4aedd12cd的镜像ID,此时直接使用这个镜像ID是删除不掉的
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker rmi 6ce4aedd12cd
    Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 6ce4aedd12cd (must be forced) - image is referenced in multiple repositories
     
    应该先删除docker tag改名前的镜像,使用镜像名称删除。(一般在docker tag镜像改名后,最好删除改名前的镜像)
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker rmi myubuntu:v1
    Untagged: myubuntu:v1
    Untagged: wangshibo/myubuntu@sha256:e9cd9075d262848a307c92751e1a5890d883b814a31abd118161442461a1ca2d
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    wangshibo/myubuntu   v1                  6ce4aedd12cd        15 minutes ago      84.1 MB
    docker.io/ubuntu     16.04               7aa3602ab41e        5 weeks ago         115 MB
     
    这个时候就可以删除镜像ID删除了
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker rmi 6ce4aedd12cd
    Untagged: wangshibo/myubuntu:v1
    Deleted: sha256:6ce4aedd12cda693d0bbb857cc443a56f9f569106e09ec61aa53563d0932ea4d
    Deleted: sha256:0ddeb6a16badd042914c2e72b9ef0331550c1cdcc4bdc6650a90cd9f57f1501b
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images         
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    docker.io/ubuntu    16.04               7aa3602ab41e        5 weeks ago         115 MB
    =================================删除镜像失败一例分享==================================
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker ps -a
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
     
    打算删除掉docker的nginx镜像, 但是发现这个镜像就是删除不了,加了-f强制删除也不行,一直报Error: No such image的错误,
    最后终于找到了办法直接删除文件!
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    nginx               latest              62f816a209e6        7 days ago          109MB
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker rmi nginx
    Error: No such image: nginx
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker rmi 62f816a209e6
    Error: No such image: 62f816a209e6
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker rmi 62f816a209e6 -f
    Error: No such image: 62f816a209e6
     
    如上,怎么都删除不掉nginx镜像!!!!!
     
    处理办法:
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# systemctl stop docker
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker
    rm: cannot remove ‘/var/lib/docker/containers’: Device or resource busy
     
    删除不了的原因是: 在建立容器的时候做了相应目录的挂载,没有卸载,所以Device or resource busy
     
    解决办法: 查找挂载的目录并卸载
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# cat /proc/mounts | grep "docker"
    /dev/mapper/centos-root /var/lib/docker/containers xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 0
    proc /run/docker/netns/default proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
    proc /run/docker/netns/a0626c54fd03 proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
    proc /run/docker/netns/b18072de4224 proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
    proc /run/docker/netns/b5298f643455 proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
    proc /run/docker/netns/9f5e97637c98 proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# umount /var/lib/docker/containers
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker
     
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# systemctl start docker
     
    再次查看就没有这个镜像了
    [root@docker-test1 ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    

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