GDAL Note

1.convert shp to tiff: -- 参考链接

$ gdal_rasterize -burn 255 -burn 0 -burn 0 -ot Byte -ts 512 512 -l shanghai shanghai.shp shanghai.tif

2.convert shp to GPKG: -- 参考链接

$ ogr2ogr -f GPKG shanghai.gpkg shanghai.shp

3.convert GPKG to shp: -- 参考链接

$ ogr2ogr -f "ESRI Shapefile" shanghai.shp shanghai.gpkg

4.Clip input layer with a bounding box:

$ ogr2ogr -spat -13.931 34.886 46.23 74.12 -f GPKG shanghai_clip.gpkg shanghai.gpkg
$ ogr2ogr -spat 0 0 50 70 -f "ESRI Shapefile" point_out_org.shp point_out.shp

5.Output file format name. Starting with GDAL 2.3, if not specified, the format is guessed from the extension (previously was ESRI Shapefile).

$ ogr2ogr -f GPKG output.gpkg input.shp
$ ogr2ogr -f GeoJSON point.geojson point.shp

6.About polygon -- 参考链接1 -- 参考链接2