No one knows for sure when advertising first started. it is possible that it grows out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them . That led the conception of specialization, which means that people would specialize.or focus on doing one special job.
没有人确切知道广告是什么时候开始的。有可能是因为发现有些人在某些方面做得比其他人好。这导致了专业化的概念，这意味着人们会专业化或专注于做一项特殊的工作。
Let’s take a man we’ll call Mr. Fielder, for example, he did everything connected with farming. He planted seeds, tended the fields and harvest and sold his crops. At the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. However, he didn’t make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows, or any of the other hundreds of things a farm needs. Instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those of things.
让我们以菲尔德先生为例，他做了一切与农业有关的事情：播种、照料田地、收割庄稼并出售。与此同时，他在农场做了许多其他工作。然而，他没有给自己砌房，没有把树砍成板材，没有做犁，也没有做农场需要的其他数百种东西。相反，他是找专门做这些事情的人来做。
Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr. Plowright. Using what he knew about farming and working with iron, Mr. Plowright, invented a plow that made farming easier. Mr. Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in really good plows. Perhaps, he thought, other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.
假设还有一个人，我们称他普洛赖特先生。普洛赖特利用他对农业的了解和对铁的加工，发明了一种犁，使耕种变得更容易。普洛赖特先生自己并不喜欢务农，他想专门生产真正的好犁。他想，也许其他农民会用他们种的东西换我的犁。
How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why, he advertised, of course. First, he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointed to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.
普洛赖特先生是如何让人们知道他做什么呢？当然，他可以广而告之。首先，他开一家商店，然后在商店外面挂了一块牌子来吸引顾客。这个标志可能只不过是一块木头上刻的犁和一支指向商店门的简单箭头。这可能是人们找到普洛赖特先生和他真正的好犁所需要的所有信息。
Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. Even before most people could read, they understood such signs. Shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.
许多历史学家认为，第一批户外标志使用于大约5000年前。甚至在大多数人看到之前，他们就已经理解了这些标志。店主会在石头、粘土或木头上雕刻出他们出售的产品的符号。
A medium in advertising talk is the way you communicate your message. You might sat the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. The second medium was audio, or sound although that term isn’t used exactly the way we used today. Originally just human voice and maybe some simple instruments, such as a bell, were used to get people’s attention.
广告媒介是你传达信息的方式。你可能会发现，广告中使用的第一种媒介是带有符号的标志。第二种媒介是音频，或者声音，尽管这个术语和我们今天使用的不完全一样。最初只是声音和一些简单的乐器，比如铃铛，用来吸引人们的注意力。
A crier, in a historical sense, isn’t someone who weeped easily. It is someone, probably a man with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. In ancient Egypt, shopkeepers may hire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often these earliest forms of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. Perhaps the crier describes the goods, explained where they came from and praised their quality. His job was, in other words, not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today’s world.
从历史意义上讲，叫卖者不是一个轻易哭泣的人。这可能是一个声音足够大的人，可以盖过城市中的其他噪音。在古埃及，店主可能会雇佣这样的人来传播有关他们产品的消息。这些最早的广告形式通常涉及一艘满载货物的新船。也许哭泣者描述了这些货物，解释了它们来自哪里，并称赞了它们的质量。换句话说，他的工作与当今世界的电视或广播广告没有太大区别。
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