SpringMVC核心组件
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SpringMVC实现流程
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XML配置使用
1、SpringMVC基础配置
2、XML配置Controller,HandlerMapping组件映射
3、XML配置ViewResolver组件映射
基于xml配置案例
- web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--配置调度servlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--指定SpringMVC文件的位置-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
- springMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--配置HandlerMapping,将url请求映射到Handler-->
<bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<!--配置mapping-->
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<!--配置test请求对应的handler-->
<prop key="/test">testHandler</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--配置Handler-->
<bean id="testHandler" class="com.alan.handler.MyHandler"></bean>
<!--配置视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--配置前缀-->
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<!--配置后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
- MyHandler.java
package com.alan.handler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class MyHandler implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
//装载模型数据和逻辑视图
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//添加模型数据
modelAndView.addObject("name","TOM");
//添加逻辑视图 ,在XML中通过配置前缀和后缀转换为/show.jsp
modelAndView.setViewName("show");
return modelAndView;
}
}
- show.jsp 直接打开获取不到TOM,需要通过/test访问DispatcherServlet处理后获取
package com.alan.handler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class MyHandler implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
//装载模型数据和逻辑视图
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//添加模型数据
modelAndView.addObject("name","TOM");
//添加逻辑视图 ,在XML中通过配置前缀和后缀转换为/show.jsp
modelAndView.setViewName("show");
return modelAndView;
}
}
通过注解方式配置
package com.alan.handler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import java.util.Map;
/**
*
* 基于注解方式实现,不需要实现Controller
*/
@Controller("annotationHandler")
public class AnnotationHandler {
/**
* 业务方法一:ModelAndView完成数据的传递,视图的解析
*/
@RequestMapping("/modelAndViewTest")
public ModelAndView modelAndViewTest(){
//创建ModelAndView对象
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//填充数据
modelAndView.addObject("name","ALAN");
//设置逻辑视图
modelAndView.setViewName("show");
return modelAndView;
}
/**
* 业务方法二:Model传值,String进行视图解析
*/
@RequestMapping("/modelTest")
public String modelTest(Model model){
//填充模型数据
model.addAttribute("name","cat");
//设置逻辑视图
return "show";
}
/**
* 业务方法三:Map传值,String进行视图解析
*/
@RequestMapping("/mapTest")
public String mapTest(Map<String,String> map){
//填充模型数据
map.put("name","baobao");
//设置逻辑视图
return "show";
}
}
案例
- web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--处理中文乱码-->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--配置调度servlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--指定SpringMVC文件的位置-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--设置访问静态资源-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
- springMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--<!–配置HandlerMapping,将url请求映射到Handler–>-->
<!--<bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">-->
<!--<!–配置mapping–>-->
<!--<property name="mappings">-->
<!--<props>-->
<!--<!–配置test请求对应的handler–>-->
<!--<prop key="/test">testHandler</prop>-->
<!--</props>-->
<!--</property>-->
<!--</bean>-->
<!--<!–配置Handler–>-->
<!--<bean id="testHandler" class="com.alan.handler.MyHandler"></bean>-->
<!--配置视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--配置前缀-->
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<!--配置后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置自动扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.alan.handler"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
- handler
/**
* 添加商品并展示
*/
@RequestMapping("/addGoods")
public ModelAndView addGoods(Goods goods){
//form表单中属性的名称和实体类中属性的名称对应以后,SpringMVC就会进行自动封装。
System.out.println(goods.getName()+"---"+goods.getPrice());
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("Goods",goods);
modelAndView.setViewName("show");
return modelAndView;
}
- add.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>add</title>
<link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<style type="text/css">
body{
overflow-x:hidden;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="/addGoods" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-sm-1 control-label">名称</label>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" placeholder="请输入商品名称">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-sm-1 control-label">价格</label>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="price" placeholder="请输入商品价格">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-offset-1 col-sm-3">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
- show.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
商品名称:${Goods.name} <br />
商品价格:${Goods.price}
</body>
</html>
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