可直接参考matrix-3d-camera
在Android中如果想要实现3D效果一般有两种选择,一是使用Open GL ES,二是使用Camera。Open GL ES使用起来太过复杂,一般是用于比较高级的3D特效或游戏,像比较简单的一些3D效果,使用Camera就足够了。
Camera中提供了三种旋转方法,分别是rotateX()、rotateY()和rotateZ,调用这三个方法,并传入相应的角度,就可以让视图围绕这三个轴进行旋转
API Demos中已经给我们提供了一个非常好用的3D旋转动画的工具类Rotate3dAnimation
public class Rotate3dAnimation extends Animation {
private final float mFromDegrees;
private final float mToDegrees;
private final float mCenterX;
private final float mCenterY;
private final float mDepthZ;
private final boolean mReverse;
private Camera mCamera;
/**
* 创建一个绕y轴旋转的3D动画效果,旋转过程中具有深度调节,可以指定旋转中心。
*
* @param fromDegrees 起始时角度
* @param toDegrees 结束时角度
* @param centerX 旋转中心x坐标
* @param centerY 旋转中心y坐标
* @param depthZ 最远到达的z轴坐标
* @param reverse true 表示由从0到depthZ,false相反
*/
public Rotate3dAnimation(Context context,float fromDegrees, float toDegrees,
float centerX, float centerY, float depthZ, boolean reverse) {
mFromDegrees = fromDegrees;
mToDegrees = toDegrees;
mCenterX = centerX;
mCenterY = centerY;
mDepthZ = depthZ;
mReverse = reverse;
// 获取手机像素密度 (即dp与px的比例)
scale = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
}
//只执行一次
@Override
public void initialize(int width, int height, int parentWidth, int parentHeight) {
super.initialize(width, height, parentWidth, parentHeight);
mCamera = new Camera();
}
@Override
protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
final float fromDegrees = mFromDegrees;
float degrees = fromDegrees + ((mToDegrees - fromDegrees) * interpolatedTime);
final float centerX = mCenterX;
final float centerY = mCenterY;
final Camera camera = mCamera;
final Matrix matrix = t.getMatrix();
camera.save();
// 调节深度
if (mReverse) {
camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * interpolatedTime);
} else {
camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * (1.0f - interpolatedTime));
}
// 绕y轴旋转
camera.rotateY(degrees);
camera.getMatrix(matrix);
camera.restore();
// 修正失真,主要修改 MPERSP_0 和 MPERSP_1
float[] mValues = new float[9];
matrix.getValues(mValues); //获取数值
mValues[6] = mValues[6]/scale; //数值修正
mValues[7] = mValues[7]/scale; //数值修正
matrix.setValues(mValues); //重新赋值
// 调节中心点
matrix.preTranslate(-centerX, -centerY);
matrix.postTranslate(centerX, centerY);
}
}
代码的核心在applyTransformation方法里,需要了解Matrix以及camera的一些知识。
Matrix矩阵
坐标变换
基本的变换有:平移,旋转,缩放,错切。可以由矩阵控制
2018-09-11_172258.png
前乘(pre) 后乘(post)
前乘相当于矩阵的右乘:
M' = M*P
后乘相当于矩阵的左乘:
M' = P*M
矩阵不满足交换律,满足结合律
A * B ≠ B * A
使用 pre 和 post ?
2018-09-12_092007.png所以可以看到Rotate3dAnimation 最后也有调节中心点的步骤
3D坐标系
2018-09-12_092546.pngandroid是左手坐标系,所以y轴的平移,2D跟3D是相反的
继承Animation
动画的具体实现是通过Animation中的getTransformation方法
public boolean getTransformation(long currentTime, Transformation outTransformation) {
if (mStartTime == -1) {
mStartTime = currentTime;
}
final long startOffset = getStartOffset();
final long duration = mDuration;
float normalizedTime;
if (duration != 0) {
normalizedTime = ((float) (currentTime - (mStartTime + startOffset))) /
(float) duration;
} else {
// time is a step-change with a zero duration
normalizedTime = currentTime < mStartTime ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
}
final boolean expired = normalizedTime >= 1.0f || isCanceled();
mMore = !expired;
if (!mFillEnabled) normalizedTime = Math.max(Math.min(normalizedTime, 1.0f), 0.0f);
if ((normalizedTime >= 0.0f || mFillBefore) && (normalizedTime <= 1.0f || mFillAfter)) {
if (!mStarted) {
fireAnimationStart();
mStarted = true;
if (NoImagePreloadHolder.USE_CLOSEGUARD) {
guard.open("cancel or detach or getTransformation");
}
}
if (mFillEnabled) normalizedTime = Math.max(Math.min(normalizedTime, 1.0f), 0.0f);
if (mCycleFlip) {
normalizedTime = 1.0f - normalizedTime;
}
//通过插值器获得动画执行百分比
final float interpolatedTime = mInterpolator.getInterpolation(normalizedTime);
applyTransformation(interpolatedTime, outTransformation);//应用动画效果
}
...
return mMore;
}
applyTransformation是一个空实现。可以看看TranslateAnimation的实现
@Override
protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
float dx = mFromXDelta;
float dy = mFromYDelta;
if (mFromXDelta != mToXDelta) {
dx = mFromXDelta + ((mToXDelta - mFromXDelta) * interpolatedTime);
}
if (mFromYDelta != mToYDelta) {
dy = mFromYDelta + ((mToYDelta - mFromYDelta) * interpolatedTime);
}
t.getMatrix().setTranslate(dx, dy);
}
大致也就理解了Animation的子类该如何写
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