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iOS自定义动画-仿支付宝记账本

iOS自定义动画-仿支付宝记账本

作者: 卡丁车手 | 来源:发表于2017-03-21 12:55 被阅读232次

    CALayer大部分属性都可以添加CAAnimation动画,动画添加到layer上之后就会自动开始执行,但这仅限于CALayer及其子类已有的属性,如果是自己添加的属性,是不会自动产生动画的,如果需要动画效果,就需要自定义动画了。

    如何创建自定义动画?

    大体来说有两种方法,一种是使用系统的绘制方法画出动画,一种是利用定时器自己绘制动画。

    方法一

    1、创建自定义Layer类继承自CAShapeLayer
    2、给Layer添加需要执行动画的属性,在.m文件中使用@dynamic声明动画属性
    3、重写几个系统方法:

    // 告诉CALayer自定义属性需要进行重绘
    + (BOOL)needsDisplayForKey:(NSString *)key {
        if ([key isEqualToString:@"startAngle"]||[key isEqualToString:@"endAngle"]) {
            return YES;
        }
        return [super needsDisplayForKey:key];
    }
    // 如果自定义属性值改变,就生成动画,系统会自动调用display方法重绘
    - (id<CAAction>)actionForKey:(NSString *)event {
        if ([event isEqualToString:@"startAngle"])
        {
            CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:event];
            anim.duration = 1;
            anim.fromValue = @([self.presentationLayer startAngle]);
            anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionDefault];
            return anim;
        } else if ([event isEqualToString:@"endAngle"]) {
            CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:event];
            anim.duration = 1;
            anim.fromValue = @([self.presentationLayer endAngle]);
            anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionDefault];
            return anim;
        }
        return [super actionForKey:event];
    }
    

    重写上面两个方法之后,在外部修改动画属性时就会触发界面重绘。系统会优先调用-display方法进行重绘,如果没有重写这个方法,系统会调用-drawInContext:进行重绘。要注意:

    不在-drawInContext中绘图的时候,要在绘图代码前后加上:
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(self.bounds.size, NO, 0);
    image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    在-drawInContext中绘制的时候不需要写。

    绘制代码:
    - (void)drawInContext:(CGContextRef)ctx {
    CGPoint center = CGPointMake(self.bounds.size.width / 2, self.bounds.size.height / 2);
    CGFloat presentStartAngle = [[self.presentationLayer valueForKey:@"startAngle"] doubleValue];
    CGFloat presentEndAngle = [[self.presentationLayer valueForKey:@"endAngle"] doubleValue];
    CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 40);
    CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(ctx, [UIColor purpleColor].CGColor);
    CGContextAddArc(ctx, center.x, center.y, 100, presentStartAngle, presentEndAngle, 0);
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    }

    - (void)display {
        CGPoint center = CGPointMake(self.bounds.size.width / 2, self.bounds.size.height / 2);
        CGFloat presentStartAngle = [[self.presentationLayer valueForKey:@"startAngle"] doubleValue];
        CGFloat presentEndAngle = [[self.presentationLayer valueForKey:@"endAngle"] doubleValue];
    
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(self.bounds.size, NO, 0);
        CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    
        CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 40);
        [self.color setStroke];
        CGContextAddArc(ctx, center.x, center.y, 100, presentStartAngle, presentEndAngle, 0);
        CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    
        self.contents = (id)UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext().CGImage;
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    }
    

    创建这个Layer对象的时候,需要给它设置frame,如果不设置frame,会出现绘制失败。所以最好用-initWithFrame:方法进行创建。

    方法二

    理论上讲重绘方法每秒会被调用60次,但真机实测发现只有50多次,并且调用次数会随着重绘代码的增多而减少,这会造成动画帧数下降,使动画看起来不够流畅。

    第二种方法是创建定时器,每秒触发60次,每次触发都进行重绘,步骤:
    1、创建Layer类继承自CAShapeLayer,重写-initWithLayer:方法
    2、创建UIView类用来放置Layer,在view被添加到父视图之后给它上面的Layer创建动画
    3、实现动画代理方法,动画开始时开启定时器,定时触发重绘
    4、动画属性的值会随动画的执行不断变化,定时器触发时获取当前动画值,画出当前的位置

    重写-initWithLayer:
    - (instancetype)initWithLayer:(id)layer {
    if (self = [super initWithLayer:layer]) {
    if ([layer isKindOfClass:[CircleLayer class]]) {
    self.startAngle = [(CircleLayer *)layer startAngle];
    self.endAngle = [(CircleLayer *)layer endAngle];
    }
    }
    return self;
    }
    CAAnimation生成关键帧是通过拷贝CALayer进行的,在拷贝时,只能拷贝原有的(系统的,非自定义的)属性,不能拷贝自定义的属性或持有的对象等等,因此需要重载initWithLayer来手动拷贝我们需要拷贝的东西。

    创建动画:
    - (void)createAnimationWithKeyPath:(NSString *)key fromValue:(NSNumber *)from toValue:(NSNumber *)to func:(NSString *)func layer:(CALayer *)layer {
    CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:key];
    NSNumber *currentAngle = [layer.presentationLayer valueForKey:key];
    if (!currentAngle) {
    currentAngle = from;
    }
    anim.fromValue = currentAngle;
    anim.toValue = to;
    anim.delegate = self;
    anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:func];
    [layer addAnimation:anim forKey:key];
    // 设置结束值,这样动画结束之后就会停留在结束位置,而不会返回初始位置,一定要在添加动画之后设置
    [layer setValue:to forKey:key];
    }

    给动画设置初始值和结束值,设置好动画执行方式,它就会在“暗地里”执行,执行期间可以通过layer.presentationLayer获取当前动画执行到的位置,获取之后就可以绘制layer了。这样每秒绘制60次就形成了流畅的动画效果。


    支付宝的记账本里有一个非常酷炫的自定义控件,现在就模仿一下它的动画效果:

    仿支付宝记账本.gif

    代码如下:
    - (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) {
    _animations = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    _pieCenter = CGPointMake(frame.size.width/2, frame.size.height/2);
    _animationDuration = 3;
    _startPieAngle = 0;
    _pieLineWidth = 40;
    _pieRadius = MIN(frame.size.width/2 - _pieLineWidth, frame.size.width/2 - _pieLineWidth);
    _selectedIndex = -1;
    _selectedOffsetRadius = 7.0;
    }
    return self;
    }

    - (void)reloadData {
        [CATransaction begin];
        [CATransaction setAnimationDuration:_animationDuration];
    
        CGFloat p = 2 * M_PI;
        NSArray *end = @[@(p/5),@(p/4),@(p/3),@(p/2),@(p/1)];
        NSArray *start = @[@(0),@(p/5),@(p/4),@(p/3),@(p/2)];
    
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i ++) {
            CircleLayer *layer = [CircleLayer layer];
            [self.layer addSublayer:layer];
            CGFloat startAngle = [start[i] doubleValue];
            CGFloat endAngle = [end[i] doubleValue];
            layer.startAngle = startAngle;
            layer.endAngle = endAngle;
            layer.lineWidth = 30;
            layer.fillColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor;
            layer.strokeColor = [UIColor colorWithHue:((i/8)%20)/20.0+0.02 saturation:(i%8+3)/10.0 brightness:91/100.0 alpha:1].CGColor;
            [self createAnimationWithKeyPath:@"startAngle" fromValue:@0 toValue:@(startAngle) layer:layer];
            [self createAnimationWithKeyPath:@"endAngle" fromValue:@0 toValue:@(endAngle) layer:layer];
        }
    
        [CATransaction commit];
    }
    
    - (void)createAnimationWithKeyPath:(NSString *)key fromValue:(NSNumber *)from toValue:(NSNumber *)to layer:(CALayer *)layer {
        CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:key];
        NSNumber *currentAngle = [layer.presentationLayer valueForKey:key];
        if (!currentAngle) {
            currentAngle = from;
        }
        anim.fromValue = currentAngle;
        anim.toValue = to;
        anim.delegate = self;
        anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut];
        [layer addAnimation:anim forKey:key];
        [layer setValue:to forKey:key];
    }
    
    - (void)animationDidStart:(CAAnimation *)anim {
        if (!_animationTimer) {
            static float timeInterval = 1.0/60.0;
            _animationTimer= [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:timeInterval target:self selector:@selector(timerFired) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
            [[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:_animationTimer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
        }
        [_animations addObject:anim];
    }
    
    - (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)anim finished:(BOOL)flag {
        [_animations removeObject:anim];
        if (_animations.count == 0) {
            [_animationTimer invalidate];
            _animationTimer = nil;
        }
    }
    
    - (void)timerFired {
        NSArray *sliceLayerArray = self.layer.sublayers;
        [sliceLayerArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(CircleLayer *layer, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
            CGFloat currentStartAngle = [[layer.presentationLayer valueForKey:@"startAngle"] doubleValue];
            CGFloat currentEndAngle = [[layer.presentationLayer valueForKey:@"endAngle"] doubleValue];
        
            UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:_pieCenter radius:_pieRadius startAngle:currentStartAngle endAngle:currentEndAngle clockwise:1];
            layer.path = path.CGPath;
        }];
    }
    

    添加到ViewController上之后,调用reloadData就会开始动画。

    仿写的支付宝记账本控件效果如下:

    6.gif

    完整demo请参考我的GitHub

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