学生做英语阅读时往往很怕遇到生词。但遇到生词又是很普遍的，第一是有些文章的主题就是介绍新事物，而这个新事物是学生未曾接触过的，自然感到陌生；第二是学生平时掌握的基本是熟词熟义，而有些文章涉及到了熟词生义；第三是学生在背高考范围内的3500词时掌握不够扎实。

生词如此普遍，高考英语也有对应的猜词题。那么，就要考虑如何通过各种技巧来攻克猜词题，甚至把这些猜词技巧推广到其它生词。

猜词题可以划分为两大类，实词和虚词。实词包含几个小类，分别是单词、短语、句子（短句为主）。虚词通常为代词。

本文主要介绍单词类。这也是过往几年考频最高的小类。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试1卷阅读理解B篇第25题

如下：

What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Improper pauses.

B. Bad manners.

C. Spelling mistakes.

D. Silly jokes.

题干问第2段的stumbles这个词的含义。对应原文第2段如下：

But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.

从原文可知Chris在说话时是断断续续的。“除了一些stumbles，Chris总体表现很好。”因此可知stubles便是描述口头表达时这种断断续续的状态。对应各个选项，A项“不恰当的停顿”是最为符合的。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试1卷阅读理解C篇第29题

如下：

Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？

A.Complex.   

B. Advanced.

C.Powerful.   

D.Modem.

题干问的是第2段中dominant这个词的含义。对应原文第2段如下：

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

从原文可知随着全球化的发展、人类交流的紧密，许多语言消失了。而dominant语言例如英语、西班牙语和中文快速接管。那么这些语言的特征是什么呢？由上下文可推断出，既然有些语言因使用人数少而消失，而这些语言能接管，意味着使用人数多，背后母国实力强大。那么选项中那些词能传达这层含义呢？complex复杂的，advanced先进的，powerful有力的，modern现代的。整篇文章只涉及语言的使用人数多少影响了语言的生命力，不在于语言本身是否复杂、先进，而且这些语言历史悠久，也不属于“现代的”。只有“powerful有力的”可以体现出因语言使用人数多带来的生命力旺盛。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试2卷阅读理解B篇第26题

如下：

What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?

A. A dessert.                   

B. A drink.

C. A container.                 

D. A machine.

题干问的是最后一段a juicer是什么。原文最后一段如下：

If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.

从原文可知这个juicer可以用来加工水果，且原文出现了一个表达是into the top of the machine由此可知这个juicer就是machine机器。因此选D。

2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试3卷阅读理解C篇第29题

如下：

What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean?

A.Tested.

B.Separated.

C.Forced out.

D.Tracked down.

题干问了第2段的displaced的含义。原文第2段如下：

Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.

这篇文章讲的是黄石公园重建生态系统，使灰狼的数量回升的过程。此段则是讲了早期生态系统受破坏、动物数量锐减的管事。此段提到，它们逐步被人类发展所displaced，截止1920年，灰狼几乎已从黄石区域消失。这说明人类发展侵占了灰狼的生存空间，换言之即灰狼被驱逐。上述四个选项中C符合。

同时，此题亦可以用构词法来判断。place可以动词“放置”，dis作前缀表示贬义或否定。那么综合起来大约就是“错误放置”或者“不再放置”，扣紧原文引申为替换、驱逐等义。

最后来一道练习题

大家可以在留言区写下答案哦！

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试1卷阅读理解C篇第29题如下：

Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph1?

A provider                       

B delivery man

C collector                     

D medical doctor

原文第1段

I am Peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since  March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.