使用Spring Security开发基于表单的认证(二)
个性化用户认证流程
一、自定义登录页面
①加页面:定义该页面hcx-signIn.html为登录页面:
②配授权
@Configuration
public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
@Bean //加密
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
//如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
http.formLogin()
.loginPage("/hcx-signIn.html")//自定义登录页面
//http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
.and()
.authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置
.antMatchers("/hcx-signIn.html").permitAll()//访问该url不需要身份认证
.anyRequest()//任何请求
.authenticated();//都需要身份认证
}
}
hcx-signIn.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>标准登录页面</h2>
</body>
</html>
登录页面目录.png
注意,如果忘记配授权的话就会进入死循环:
死循环.png运行后访问http://localhost:8060/user:
访问结果页面.png过滤器默认处理的登录请求是/login post形式
如果使用了新的请求路径,还需要配置,让SpringSecurity知道
hcx-signIn.html:
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>标准登录页面</h2>
<h3>表单登录</h3>
<form action="/authentication/form" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><button type="submit">登录</button></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
MyUserDetailsService:
@Component
public class MyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService{
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
logger.info("登录用户名:"+username);
//根据用户名查找用户信息
//根据查找到的用户信息判断用户是否被冻结
//为了把用户是否冻结的信息告诉SpringSecurity,new User的构造方法使用包含四个布尔返回值的参数的方法
//此处没有读取数据库,直接用静态数据 密码:123456 静态权限:admin 这些在实际开发中需要从数据库中获取
//passwordEncoder.encode("123456"),在实际应用中,此步骤应该在注册的时候就做好了,此处就直接在数据库拿出加密好的数据
String password = passwordEncoder.encode("123456");
logger.info("数据库密码是:"+password);
return new User(username,password,
true,true,true,false,
AuthorityUtils.commaSeparatedStringToAuthorityList("admin"));
}
/**
* 此处,当前的方法loadUserByUsername返回的是UserDetails接口的实例,使用了Spring默认的User类
* 实际的应用中,并不一定更要使用该类,只要是UserDetails这个接口的实现就可以
* 可以使用对应的DAO接口实现UserDetails接口
*/
}
BrowserSecurityConfig:
@Configuration
public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
@Bean //加密
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
//如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
http.formLogin()
.loginPage("/hcx-signIn.html")//自定义登录页面
.loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
//http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
.and()
.authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置
.antMatchers("/hcx-signIn.html").permitAll()//当访问hcx-signIn.html时,不需要身份认证
.anyRequest()//任何请求
.authenticated()//都需要身份认证
.and()
.csrf().disable();
}
}
表单登录页面.png
改进:处理不同类型的请求
把上面直接是跳转到一个页面,换成一个Controller,让Controller判断是否是一个HTML请求引发的跳转,如果是就返回登录页面如果不是就返回401状态码和错误信息:
BrowserSecurityController:在该类中处理需要身份认证的请求:
@RestController
public class BrowserSecurityController {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
//判断引发跳转的是否是html
//用RequestCache拿到引发跳转的请求
private RequestCache requestCache = new HttpSessionRequestCache();
private RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy = new DefaultRedirectStrategy();
@Autowired
private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
/**
* 当需要身份认证时,跳转到这里
* @param request
* @param response
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@RequestMapping("/authentication/require")
@ResponseStatus(code=HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED) //返回状态码
public SimpleResponse requireAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
//拿到引发跳转的请求
SavedRequest savedRequest = requestCache.getRequest(request, response);
if(savedRequest!=null) {
//引发跳转请求的url
String targetUrl = savedRequest.getRedirectUrl();
logger.info("引发跳转的请求时: "+targetUrl);
if(StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(targetUrl, ".html")) {//判断引发跳转的请求是否是以.html结尾
//跳转到登录页
/**
* request
* response
* url:要跳转的url 此处不可能固定的跳转到某一个页面,配置可以使用标准登录页还是使用自己写的登录页
*/
redirectStrategy.sendRedirect(request, response,securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage());//url://跳转到用户配置的login的配置
}
}
//如果不是一个html请求,返回401状态码和错误信息
return new SimpleResponse("访问的服务需要身份认证,请引导用户到登录页");
}
}
使用户可以自己去配登录页面:
在application.properties中配置:
hcx.security.browser.loginPage = /demo-signIn.html
demo-signIn.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Demo登录页</h2>
</body>
</html>
当做了该配置之后,就会跳转到demo-signIn.html该页面;如果没有该配置,则跳转到原本配置的标准登录页
实现配置跳转到不同登录页.png系统配置封装:
系统配置封装.pngSecurityProperties:
package com.hcx.security.core.properties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
/**
* @author HCX
*
*/
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="hcx.security")//该类会读取配置文件中所有以hcx.security开头的配置项
public class SecurityProperties {
private BrowserProperties browser = new BrowserProperties();
public BrowserProperties getBrowser() {
return browser;
}
public void setBrowser(BrowserProperties browser) {
this.browser = browser;
}
}
BrowserProperties:
/**
* @author HCX
*
*/
public class BrowserProperties {
/**
* 如果用户配置了就使用用户配置的;
* 如果没有配,则使用/hcx-signIn.html
*/
private String loginPage = "/hcx-signIn.html";//指定默认跳转
public String getLoginPage() {
return loginPage;
}
public void setLoginPage(String loginPage) {
this.loginPage = loginPage;
}
}
BrowserSecurityConfig:
@Configuration
public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
@Autowired
private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
@Bean //加密
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
//如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
http.formLogin()
.loginPage("/authentication/require")//自定义登录页面
.loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
//http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
.and()
.authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置
.antMatchers("/authentication/require",
securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage()).permitAll()
.anyRequest()//任何请求
.authenticated()//都需要身份认证
.and()
.csrf().disable();
}
}
要使配置生效,还需要一个配置类:
@Configuration //声明其为一个配置类
@EnableConfigurationProperties(SecurityProperties.class)//作用:让SecurityProperties配置读取器生效
public class SecurityCoreConfig {
}
使用注解返回状态码:@ResponseStatus(code=HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED)
返回错误信息:服务应该返回json
包装,把字符串包装成对象返回
public class SimpleResponse {
private Object content;
public Object getContent() {
return content;
}
public SimpleResponse(Object content) {
super();
this.content = content;
}
public void setContent(Object content) {
this.content = content;
}
}
运行访问:localhost:8060/user:
运行结果1.png访问:localhost:8060/index.html则跳转到系统配置的登录页,如果没有配置hcx.security.browser.loginPage = /demo-signIn.html,则跳转到标准登录页
二、自定义登录成功处理
场景:默认情况下,SpringSecurity的登录成功的处理会首先跳到之前引发登录的请求上,比如访问/user,需要身份认证,就会跳转到登录页,登录成功了,又会跳回user请求上。但是在现在前端spa比较流行的情况下,登录可能不是一个表单提交的同步方式,而是由异步的ajax请求访问登录。此时,前端想要拿到的是用户相关的json格式的信息,此时如果登录成功了进行跳转,此种行为肯定是不合适的。
实现AuthenticationSuccessHandler接口即可。
自定义成功处理器HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler:
package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler")
public class HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
//登录成功后会被调用
/**
* Authentication:封装认证信息:包括发起的认证请求的信息,比如IP session和用户信息等
*/
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.info("登录成功");
response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(authentication));
}
}
配置:让SpringSecurity知道在登录成功以后用自己定义的登录成功处理器来处理,而不是用Spring默认的处理器,修改配置类
注入自定义的成功处理器.pngBrowserSecurityConfig:
package com.hcx.security.browser;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
@Configuration
public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
@Autowired
private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
//注入自己写的登录成功处理器
@Autowired
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
@Bean //加密
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
//如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
http.formLogin()
.loginPage("/authentication/require")//自定义登录页面
.loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
//http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
.successHandler(hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置
.antMatchers("/authentication/require",
securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage()).permitAll()
.anyRequest()//任何请求
.authenticated()//都需要身份认证
.and()
.csrf().disable();
}
}
返回的json.png
三、自定义登录失败处理
失败处理器HCXAuthencationFailHandler:
package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
@Component("hcxAuthenticationFailHandler")
public class HCXAuthencationFailHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
/**
* AuthenticationException:认证过程中发生错误产生异常的信息
*/
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.info("登录失败");
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(exception));
}
}
使失败处理器生效的配置:
注入自定义的失败处理器.pngBrowserSecurityConfig:
package com.hcx.security.browser;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
@Configuration
public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
@Autowired
private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
//注入自己写的登录成功处理器
@Autowired
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
//注入自己写的登录失败处理器
@Autowired
private AuthenticationFailureHandler hcxAuthencationFailHandler;
@Bean //加密
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
//如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
http.formLogin()
.loginPage("/authentication/require")//自定义登录页面
.loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
//http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
.successHandler(hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
.failureHandler(hcxAuthencationFailHandler)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置
.antMatchers("/authentication/require",
securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage()).permitAll()
.anyRequest()//任何请求
.authenticated()//都需要身份认证
.and()
.csrf().disable();
}
}
四、改造代码
即支持表单提交跳转也支持json返回,让用户可以通过自己的配置决定使用哪一种
声明枚举类:LoginType:
package com.hcx.security.core.properties;
public enum LoginType {
REDIRECT,
JSON
}
BrowserProperties中配置:
package com.hcx.security.core.properties;
/**
* @author HCX
*
*/
public class BrowserProperties {
/**
* 如果用户配置了就使用用户配置的;
* 如果没有配,则使用/hcx-signIn.html
*/
private String loginPage = "/hcx-signIn.html";//指定默认跳转
//配置默认返回json
private LoginType loginType = LoginType.JSON;
public String getLoginPage() {
return loginPage;
}
public void setLoginPage(String loginPage) {
this.loginPage = loginPage;
}
public LoginType getLoginType() {
return loginType;
}
public void setLoginType(LoginType loginType) {
this.loginType = loginType;
}
}
HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler:
package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.hcx.security.core.properties.LoginType;
import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler")
public class HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler extends SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@Autowired
private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
//登录成功后会被调用
/**
* Authentication:封装认证信息:包括发起的认证请求的信息,比如IP session和用户信息等
*/
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.info("登录成功");
if(LoginType.JSON.equals(securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginType())) {
//是json,调用自己的
response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(authentication));
}else {
//不是json,则调用父类的,父类为跳转
super.onAuthenticationSuccess(request, response, authentication);
}
}
}
HCXAuthencationFailHandler:
package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.hcx.security.core.properties.LoginType;
import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
@Component("hcxAuthenticationFailHandler")
public class HCXAuthencationFailHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@Autowired
private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
/**
* AuthenticationException:认证过程中发生错误产生异常的信息
*/
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.info("登录失败");
if(LoginType.JSON.equals(securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginType())) {
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(exception));
}else {
super.onAuthenticationFailure(request, response, exception);
}
}
}
修改配置来决定使用哪一种方式(在BrowserProperties配置中配置了默认使用json返回):修改demo项目中的配置文件application.properties
修改配置文件决定使用哪种方式响应.png 登录成功跳转页.pngspringsecurity认证执行流程:
springsecurity认证执行流程.png认证结果在多个请求之间共享:
认证结果在多个请求之间共享.png 过滤器链.png获取认证用户信息:
在UserController中添加获取用户认证信息:
@GetMapping("/me")
public Object getCurrentUser() {
return SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
}
或者直接:
@GetMapping("/me")
public Object getCurrentUser(Authentication authentication) {
return authentication;
}
或只获取具体某一部分信息:
@GetMapping("/me")
public Object getCurrentUser(@AuthenticationPrincipal UserDetails user) {
return user;
}
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