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使用Spring Security开发基于表单的认证(二)

使用Spring Security开发基于表单的认证(二)

作者: 我可能是个假开发 | 来源:发表于2018-04-30 15:39 被阅读985次

    使用Spring Security开发基于表单的认证(二)

    个性化用户认证流程

    一、自定义登录页面

    ①加页面:定义该页面hcx-signIn.html为登录页面:
    ②配授权

    @Configuration
    public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
        
        @Bean //加密
        public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            //如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
            return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        }
        
        
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            //使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
            http.formLogin()
                .loginPage("/hcx-signIn.html")//自定义登录页面
            //http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置 
                .antMatchers("/hcx-signIn.html").permitAll()//访问该url不需要身份认证
                .anyRequest()//任何请求
                .authenticated();//都需要身份认证
            
        }
    
    }
    

    hcx-signIn.html:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登录</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h2>标准登录页面</h2>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    登录页面目录.png

    注意,如果忘记配授权的话就会进入死循环:

    死循环.png

    运行后访问http://localhost:8060/user:

    访问结果页面.png

    过滤器默认处理的登录请求是/login post形式
    如果使用了新的请求路径,还需要配置,让SpringSecurity知道

    hcx-signIn.html:

    <title>登录</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h2>标准登录页面</h2>
        <h3>表单登录</h3>
        <form action="/authentication/form" method="post">
            <table>
                <tr>
                    <td>用户名:</td> 
                    <td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>密码:</td>
                    <td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td colspan="2"><button type="submit">登录</button></td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </form>
    </body>
    

    MyUserDetailsService:

    @Component
    public class MyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService{
    
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
        
        
        @Autowired
        private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
        
        @Override
        public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
            logger.info("登录用户名:"+username);
            //根据用户名查找用户信息
            
            //根据查找到的用户信息判断用户是否被冻结
            
            //为了把用户是否冻结的信息告诉SpringSecurity,new User的构造方法使用包含四个布尔返回值的参数的方法
            
            //此处没有读取数据库,直接用静态数据 密码:123456 静态权限:admin 这些在实际开发中需要从数据库中获取
            //passwordEncoder.encode("123456"),在实际应用中,此步骤应该在注册的时候就做好了,此处就直接在数据库拿出加密好的数据
            String password = passwordEncoder.encode("123456");
            logger.info("数据库密码是:"+password);
            
            return new User(username,password,
                    true,true,true,false,
                    AuthorityUtils.commaSeparatedStringToAuthorityList("admin"));
        }
        
        /**
         * 此处,当前的方法loadUserByUsername返回的是UserDetails接口的实例,使用了Spring默认的User类
         * 实际的应用中,并不一定更要使用该类,只要是UserDetails这个接口的实现就可以
         * 可以使用对应的DAO接口实现UserDetails接口
         */
        
    }
    

    BrowserSecurityConfig:

    @Configuration
    public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
        
        @Bean //加密
        public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            //如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
            return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        }
        
        
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            //使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
            http.formLogin()
                .loginPage("/hcx-signIn.html")//自定义登录页面
                .loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
            //http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置 
                .antMatchers("/hcx-signIn.html").permitAll()//当访问hcx-signIn.html时,不需要身份认证
                .anyRequest()//任何请求
                .authenticated()//都需要身份认证
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
        }
    
    }
    
    表单登录页面.png

    改进:处理不同类型的请求
    把上面直接是跳转到一个页面,换成一个Controller,让Controller判断是否是一个HTML请求引发的跳转,如果是就返回登录页面如果不是就返回401状态码和错误信息:

    处理不同类型的请求.png

    BrowserSecurityController:在该类中处理需要身份认证的请求:

    @RestController
    public class BrowserSecurityController { 
        
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
        
        //判断引发跳转的是否是html
        //用RequestCache拿到引发跳转的请求
        private RequestCache requestCache = new HttpSessionRequestCache();
        
        private RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy = new DefaultRedirectStrategy();
        
        @Autowired
        private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
        
        
        /**
         * 当需要身份认证时,跳转到这里
         * @param request
         * @param response
         * @return
         * @throws IOException
         */
        @RequestMapping("/authentication/require")
        @ResponseStatus(code=HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED) //返回状态码
        public SimpleResponse requireAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
            //拿到引发跳转的请求
            SavedRequest savedRequest = requestCache.getRequest(request, response);
            if(savedRequest!=null) {
                //引发跳转请求的url
                String targetUrl = savedRequest.getRedirectUrl();
                logger.info("引发跳转的请求时: "+targetUrl);
                if(StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(targetUrl, ".html")) {//判断引发跳转的请求是否是以.html结尾
                    //跳转到登录页
                    /**
                     * request
                     * response
                     * url:要跳转的url 此处不可能固定的跳转到某一个页面,配置可以使用标准登录页还是使用自己写的登录页
                     */
                    redirectStrategy.sendRedirect(request, response,securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage());//url://跳转到用户配置的login的配置
                }
            }
            //如果不是一个html请求,返回401状态码和错误信息
            return new SimpleResponse("访问的服务需要身份认证,请引导用户到登录页");
        }
    
    }
    

    使用户可以自己去配登录页面:
    在application.properties中配置:

    hcx.security.browser.loginPage = /demo-signIn.html
    

    demo-signIn.html:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登录</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h2>Demo登录页</h2>
    </body>
    </html>
    

    当做了该配置之后,就会跳转到demo-signIn.html该页面;如果没有该配置,则跳转到原本配置的标准登录页

    实现配置跳转到不同登录页.png

    系统配置封装:

    系统配置封装.png

    SecurityProperties:

    package com.hcx.security.core.properties;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
    
    /**
     * @author HCX
     *
     */
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="hcx.security")//该类会读取配置文件中所有以hcx.security开头的配置项
    public class SecurityProperties {
        
        private BrowserProperties browser = new BrowserProperties();
    
        public BrowserProperties getBrowser() {
            return browser;
        }
    
        public void setBrowser(BrowserProperties browser) {
            this.browser = browser;
        }
    }
    

    BrowserProperties:

    /**
     * @author HCX
     *
     */
    public class BrowserProperties {
        
        /**
         * 如果用户配置了就使用用户配置的;
         * 如果没有配,则使用/hcx-signIn.html
         */
        private String loginPage = "/hcx-signIn.html";//指定默认跳转
    
        public String getLoginPage() {
            return loginPage;
        }
    
        public void setLoginPage(String loginPage) {
            this.loginPage = loginPage;
        }
        
    }
    

    BrowserSecurityConfig:

    @Configuration
    public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
        
        
        @Autowired
        private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
        
        @Bean //加密
        public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            //如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
            return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        }
        
        
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            //使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
            http.formLogin()
                .loginPage("/authentication/require")//自定义登录页面
                .loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
            //http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置 
                .antMatchers("/authentication/require",
                        securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage()).permitAll()
                .anyRequest()//任何请求
                .authenticated()//都需要身份认证
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
        }
    
    }
    

    要使配置生效,还需要一个配置类:

    @Configuration //声明其为一个配置类
    @EnableConfigurationProperties(SecurityProperties.class)//作用:让SecurityProperties配置读取器生效
    public class SecurityCoreConfig {
    
    }
    

    使用注解返回状态码:@ResponseStatus(code=HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED)

    返回错误信息:服务应该返回json
    包装,把字符串包装成对象返回

    public class SimpleResponse {
        
        private Object content;
    
        public Object getContent() {
            return content;
        }
    
        public SimpleResponse(Object content) {
            super();
            this.content = content;
        }
    
        public void setContent(Object content) {
            this.content = content;
        }
        
    }
    

    运行访问:localhost:8060/user:

    运行结果1.png

    访问:localhost:8060/index.html则跳转到系统配置的登录页,如果没有配置hcx.security.browser.loginPage = /demo-signIn.html,则跳转到标准登录页

    二、自定义登录成功处理

    场景:默认情况下,SpringSecurity的登录成功的处理会首先跳到之前引发登录的请求上,比如访问/user,需要身份认证,就会跳转到登录页,登录成功了,又会跳回user请求上。但是在现在前端spa比较流行的情况下,登录可能不是一个表单提交的同步方式,而是由异步的ajax请求访问登录。此时,前端想要拿到的是用户相关的json格式的信息,此时如果登录成功了进行跳转,此种行为肯定是不合适的。

    实现AuthenticationSuccessHandler接口即可。

    自定义成功处理器HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler:

    package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    @Component("hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler")
    public class HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
        
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
        
        @Autowired
        private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
    
        //登录成功后会被调用
        /**
         * Authentication:封装认证信息:包括发起的认证请求的信息,比如IP session和用户信息等
         */
        @Override
        public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
            
            logger.info("登录成功");
            
            response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(authentication));
            
        }
    
    }
    

    配置:让SpringSecurity知道在登录成功以后用自己定义的登录成功处理器来处理,而不是用Spring默认的处理器,修改配置类

    注入自定义的成功处理器.png

    BrowserSecurityConfig:

    package com.hcx.security.browser;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
    
    import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
    @Configuration
    public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
        
        
        @Autowired
        private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
        
        //注入自己写的登录成功处理器
        @Autowired
        private AuthenticationSuccessHandler hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
        
        @Bean //加密
        public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            //如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
            return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            //使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
            http.formLogin()
                .loginPage("/authentication/require")//自定义登录页面
                .loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
            //http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
                .successHandler(hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置 
                .antMatchers("/authentication/require",
                        securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage()).permitAll()
                .anyRequest()//任何请求
                .authenticated()//都需要身份认证
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
        }
    
    }
    
    返回的json.png

    三、自定义登录失败处理

    失败处理器HCXAuthencationFailHandler:

    package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
    import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
    
    @Component("hcxAuthenticationFailHandler")
    public class HCXAuthencationFailHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
    
        
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
        
        @Autowired
        private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
        /**
         * AuthenticationException:认证过程中发生错误产生异常的信息
         */
        @Override
        public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
            
            logger.info("登录失败");
            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
            response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(exception));
            
        }
    
    }
    

    使失败处理器生效的配置:

    注入自定义的失败处理器.png

    BrowserSecurityConfig:

    package com.hcx.security.browser;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
    
    import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
    @Configuration
    public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
        
        
        @Autowired
        private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
        
        //注入自己写的登录成功处理器
        @Autowired
        private AuthenticationSuccessHandler hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
        
        //注入自己写的登录失败处理器
        @Autowired
        private AuthenticationFailureHandler hcxAuthencationFailHandler;
        
        @Bean //加密
        public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            //如果系统本身有了其他的加密方式,此处就应该返回自己写的passwordencoder,再实现encoder和matches方法
            return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            //使用表单登录:指定了身份认证的方式
            http.formLogin()
                .loginPage("/authentication/require")//自定义登录页面
                .loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form") //配置让Spring知道让UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器去处理/authentication/form路径
            //http.httpBasic() //使用回之前的认证方式
                .successHandler(hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
                .failureHandler(hcxAuthencationFailHandler)
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()//表示以下都是授权的配置 
                .antMatchers("/authentication/require",
                        securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginPage()).permitAll()
                .anyRequest()//任何请求
                .authenticated()//都需要身份认证
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
        }
    
    }
    

    四、改造代码

    即支持表单提交跳转也支持json返回,让用户可以通过自己的配置决定使用哪一种

    声明枚举类:LoginType:

    package com.hcx.security.core.properties;
    
    public enum LoginType {
        
        REDIRECT,
        
        JSON
    
    }
    

    BrowserProperties中配置:

    package com.hcx.security.core.properties;
    
    /**
     * @author HCX
     *
     */
    public class BrowserProperties {
        
        /**
         * 如果用户配置了就使用用户配置的;
         * 如果没有配,则使用/hcx-signIn.html
         */
        private String loginPage = "/hcx-signIn.html";//指定默认跳转
        
        //配置默认返回json
        private LoginType loginType = LoginType.JSON;
    
        public String getLoginPage() {
            return loginPage;
        }
    
        public void setLoginPage(String loginPage) {
            this.loginPage = loginPage;
        }
    
        public LoginType getLoginType() {
            return loginType;
        }
    
        public void setLoginType(LoginType loginType) {
            this.loginType = loginType;
        }
        
        
    }
    

    HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler:

    package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
    import com.hcx.security.core.properties.LoginType;
    import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    @Component("hcxAuthenticationSuccessHandler")
    public class HCXAuthenticationSuccessHandler extends SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler {
        
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
        
        @Autowired
        private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
        
        @Autowired
        private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
    
        //登录成功后会被调用
        /**
         * Authentication:封装认证信息:包括发起的认证请求的信息,比如IP session和用户信息等
         */
        @Override
        public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
            
            logger.info("登录成功");
            
            if(LoginType.JSON.equals(securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginType())) {
                //是json,调用自己的
                response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
                response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(authentication));
            }else {
                //不是json,则调用父类的,父类为跳转
                super.onAuthenticationSuccess(request, response, authentication);
            }
            
            
            
        }
    
    }
    

    HCXAuthencationFailHandler:

    package com.hcx.security.browser.authentication;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
    import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
    import com.hcx.security.core.properties.LoginType;
    import com.hcx.security.core.properties.SecurityProperties;
    
    @Component("hcxAuthenticationFailHandler")
    public class HCXAuthencationFailHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler {
    
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
        
        @Autowired
        private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
        
        @Autowired
        private SecurityProperties securityProperties;
        
        /**
         * AuthenticationException:认证过程中发生错误产生异常的信息
         */
        @Override
        public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
            
            logger.info("登录失败");
            if(LoginType.JSON.equals(securityProperties.getBrowser().getLoginType())) {
                response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
                response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
                response.getWriter().write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(exception));
            }else {
                super.onAuthenticationFailure(request, response, exception);
            }
            
        }
    
    }
    

    修改配置来决定使用哪一种方式(在BrowserProperties配置中配置了默认使用json返回):修改demo项目中的配置文件application.properties

    修改配置文件决定使用哪种方式响应.png 登录成功跳转页.png

    springsecurity认证执行流程:

    springsecurity认证执行流程.png

    认证结果在多个请求之间共享:

    认证结果在多个请求之间共享.png 过滤器链.png

    获取认证用户信息:

    在UserController中添加获取用户认证信息:

    @GetMapping("/me")
    public Object getCurrentUser() {
        return SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
    }
    

    或者直接:

    @GetMapping("/me")
    public Object getCurrentUser(Authentication authentication) {
        return authentication;
    }
    

    或只获取具体某一部分信息:

    @GetMapping("/me")
    public Object getCurrentUser(@AuthenticationPrincipal UserDetails user) {
        return user;
    }

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        本文标题:使用Spring Security开发基于表单的认证(二)

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