1.case循环
case 变量 in 变量 支持传参 赋值 read读入
模式1)
执行的命令合集
;;
模式2)
执行的命令合集
;;
模式3)
执行的命令合集
;;
*)
执行的命令合集
esac
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat case.sh
#!/bin/sh
while true
do
read -p "请输入点东西:[shell|mysql|docker] " num
case $num in
shell)
echo "shells............"
clear
;;
mysql)
echo "mysql................"
echo hehe
;;c
docker)
echo "Docker..............."
;;
*)
echo "USAGE: $0 [shell|mysql|docker]"
esac
done
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat case.sh
#!/bin/sh
echo "1. 汉堡"
echo "2. 水饺"
while true
do
read -p "请输入点东西:[shell|汉堡|mysql|docker] " num
case $num in
1|汉堡)
echo "汉堡............"
;;
2|水饺)
echo "水饺................"
echo hehe
;;
docker)
echo "Docker..............."
;;
*)
echo "USAGE: $0 [shell|mysql|docker]"
esac
done
1.2使用case写一个nginx的启动脚本
root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat start_nginx.sh
#!/bin/sh
case $1 in
start)
/usr/sbin/nginx
;;
stop)
/usr/sbin/nginx -s stop
;;
restart)
/usr/sbin/nginx -s stop
sleep 1
/usr/sbin/nginx
;;
reload)
/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload
;;
status)
Port=`netstat -tnulp|grep nginx|grep master|awk '{print $4}'|head -1`
Pid=`ps axu|grep nginx|grep master|awk '{print $2}'`
echo "当前Nginx的端口号: " $Port
echo "当前Nginx的PID: " $Pid
;;
*)
echo "USAGE: $0 [start|stop|restart|reload|status]"
esac
##增加判断
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat start_nginx.sh
#!/bin/sh
[ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] && . /etc/init.d/functions
case $1 in
start)
pid=`ps axu|grep nginx|grep master|awk '{print $2}'|wc -l`
if [ $pid -eq 0 ];then
/usr/sbin/nginx
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
action "Nginx is $1" /bin/true
fi
else
echo "Nginx已经在运行中........."
fi
;;
stop)
/usr/sbin/nginx -s stop
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
action "Nginx is $1" /bin/true
fi
;;
restart)
/usr/sbin/nginx -s stop
sleep 1
/usr/sbin/nginx
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
action "Nginx is $1" /bin/true
fi
;;
reload)
/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
action "Nginx is $1" /bin/true
fi
;;
status)
Port=`netstat -tnulp|grep nginx|grep master|awk '{print $4}'|head -1`
Pid=`ps axu|grep nginx|grep master|awk '{print $2}'`
echo "当前Nginx的端口号: " $Port
echo "当前Nginx的PID: " $Pid
;;
*)
echo "USAGE: $0 [start|stop|restart|reload|status]"
esac
2.使用脚本写一个jumpserver跳板机
1.服务器的IP地址 使用菜单输出到屏幕
2.使用case传参的方式进行连接
WEB01=10.0.0.7
WEB02=10.0.0.8
WEB03=10.0.0.9
MySQL=10.0.0.51
NFS=10.0.0.31
BACKUP=10.0.0.41
read -p "请输入你要连接服务器的编号或者IP地址: " num
case $num in
1|WEB01|10.0.0.7)
ssh root@$WEB01
;;
2|WEB02|10.0.0.8)
ssh root@$WEB02
;;
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat jumpserver.sh
#!/bin/bash
WEB01=10.0.0.7
WEB02=10.0.0.8
WEB03=10.0.0.9
MySQL=10.0.0.51
NFS=10.0.0.31
BACKUP=10.0.0.41
trap "echo 不要乱按小心爆炸" HUP INT TSTP
while true
do
au(){
cat<<EOF
1.运维
2.开发
EOF
}
au
OPS(){
cat<<EOF
1.WEB01=10.0.0.7
2.WEB02=10.0.0.8
3.WEB03=10.0.0.9
4.MySQL=10.0.0.51
5.NFS=10.0.0.31
6.BACKUP=10.0.0.41
7.显示菜单
8.返回上一级菜单
9.休息一下
EOF
}
DEV(){
cat<<EOF
1.WEB01=10.0.0.7
2.BACKUP=10.0.0.41
3.显示菜单
EOF
}
read -p "请输入你的身份你是运维还是开发请选择:[1:2] " num
if [ $num -eq 1 ];then
while true
do
read -s -p "请输入运维的密码: " pass
let i++
if [ $i -eq 4 ];then
echo "密码输入错误次数过多 2秒后重试"
sleep 2
#read -p "请输入邮箱找回密码: " p
# if [ `grep -w $p|mail.txt|wc -l` -eq 1 ];then
# echo "oldboy123! > sendmail $p"
#fi
fi
if [ $pass = "oldboy123!" ];then
while true
do
OPS
read -p "请输入你要连接服务器的编号或者IP地址: " num1
case $num1 in
1)
ssh root@$WEB01
;;
2)
ssh root@$WEB02
;;
woshiyunwei)
exit
;;
8)
break 2
;;
9)
sh /server/scripts/game.sh
;;
*)
esac
done
else
echo "密码输入错误请重新输入"
continue
fi
done
else
while true
do
read -s -p "请输入开发的密码: " pass
let i++
if [ $i -eq 4 ];then
echo "密码输入错误次数过多 2秒后重试"
sleep 2
#read -p "请输入邮箱找回密码: " p
# if [ `grep -w $p|mail.txt|wc -l` -eq 1 ];then
# echo "oldboy123! > sendmail $p"
#fi
fi
if [ $pass = "123!" ];then
while true
do
DEV
read -p "请输入你要连接服务器的编号或者IP地址: " num1
case $num1 in
1)
ssh root@$WEB01
;;
2)
ssh root@$WEB02
;;
woshikaifa)
exit
;;
*)
esac
done
else
echo "密码输入错误请重新输入"
continue
fi
done
fi
done
3.expect 编程语言
需要安装命令
yum -y install expect
1.expect 以.exp 或者 .ex结尾
2.set 设置变量
set IP 10.0.0.7
set USER root
set password 1
3.set timeout 设置超时时间
4.interact expect交给用户 可以继续执行命令
5.如果使用脚本调用expect 需要使用cat
spawn 交互程序开始后面跟命令或者指定程序 ssh ssh-copy su -
expect 获取匹配信息匹配成功则执行expect后面的程序动作
send exp_send 用于发送指定的字符串信息
exp_continue 在expect中多次匹配就需要用到
send_user 用来打印输出 相当于shell中的echo
exit 退出expect脚本
eof expect执行结束 退出
set 定义变量
puts 输出变量
set timeout 设置超时时间
expect<<EOF
expect {
}
EOF
[root@shell ~]# cat expect.ex
#!/usr/bin/expect
spawn ssh root@10.0.0.7
expect {
"yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue }
"password:" { send "1\n" };
}
interact
4.for循环
语法结构:
for 变量 in 值
do
执行的命令
done
变量 自定义的名称 i a b
值 数字 字符串 变量 命令
取值的过程就是按照空格分隔
#!/bin/sh
for i in 1 2 3 4
do
echo $i
done
4.1案例1
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat for.sh
#!/bin/sh
for i in shell mysql docker
do
echo $i
done
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# sh for.sh
shell
mysql
docker
for循环命令
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat for.sh
#!/bin/sh
for i in $(seq 3)
do
echo $i
done
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat for.sh
#!/bin/sh
for i in `cat /etc/hosts`
do
echo $i
done
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# sh for.sh
127.0.0.1
localhost
localhost.localdomain
localhost4
4.2案例1: 从1加到100 面试题必备
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat for.sh
#!/bin/sh
for i in `echo {1..100}`
do
let count=$[$count+$i]
done
echo $count
seq -s + 100|bc
4.3批量获取10.0.0.0/24位的在线的主机 可以ping通则认为在线拼接
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat for.sh
#!/bin/sh
for i in 1 2 3
do
ping -c1 -W1 10.0.0.$i &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "10.0.0.$i 在线"
fi
done
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# sh for.sh
10.0.0.1 在线
10.0.0.2 在线
4.4笔试题必备
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat for.sh
#!/bin/sh
for i in `seq 254`
do
{
IP=10.0.0.$i
ping -c1 -W1 $IP &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "$IP 在线"
fi } &
done
wait
echo "在线取IP完成................"
修改网关 使用命令
好看默认路由
route -n
策略路由 ip rule 查看策略路由
静态路由
ip route add 0/0 via 10.0.0.2
ip route del 0/0 via 10.0.0.2
使用命令配置一条网关为10.0.0.250
route add default gw 10.0.0.250
下一个接口地址是eth0
route add -net 192.168.3.0/24 dev eth0
子网划分(服务器量大)
4.5创建10个用户
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat user.sh
#!/bin/sh
for i in `seq 10`
do
user=oldboy$i
id $user &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "用户存在"
else
useradd $user
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "$user 创建成功"
fi
fi
done
5.for循环结合case使用
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat user.sh
#!/bin/sh
read -p "请输入用户名的前缀: " prefix
read -p "请输入用户的个数: " num
for i in `seq $num`
do
echo ${prefix}$i
done
echo "1.删除"
echo "2.创建"
read -p "请选择删除以上用户或者是创建用户: " num1
if [ $num1 -eq 2 ];then
read -p "你确定要创建以上用户吗?[y|Y|yes|n|N|NO]: " re
case $re in
y|Y|yes|YES)
for a in `seq $num`
do
user=${prefix}$a
id $user &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "用户存在"
else
useradd $user
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "$user 创建成功"
fi
fi
done
;;
n|N|no|NO)
echo "玩啥呢"
;;
*)
echo "USAGE $0 [y|Y|n|N]"
esac
elif [ $num1 -eq 1 ];then
for b in `seq $num`
do
user=${prefix}$b
id $user &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
userdel -r $user
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "$user 删除成功"
fi
else
echo "用户不存在"
fi
done
fi
6.while循环
语法格式:
while 条件表达式 成立则执行 不成立 不执行 为真执行
do
执行的命令
done
语法格式2: 读入文件
for i in `cat file.txt`
while read line #line 是自定义的变量 while是按照行读取文件 而不是for的空格
do
命令
done<file.txt
6.1笔试题 请写一个死循环脚本
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat while.sh
#!/bin/sh
while true
do
sleep 2
echo hehe
done
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat while.sh
#!/bin/sh
i=0
while [ 10 -gt $i ]
do
echo hehe
let i++
done
6.2while从1加到100
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat while.sh
#!/bin/sh
i=1
while [ 100 -ge $i ]
do
count=$[count+i]
let i++
done
echo $count
6.3读取文件
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat file.sh
#!/bin/sh
while read line
do
echo $line
done</etc/hosts
[root@shell /server/scripts/day4]# cat file.sh
#!/bin/sh
while read line
do
let i++
done</etc/passwd
echo $i 行
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