Prometheus监控k8s资源
通过Prometheus监控k8s集群中各种资源:如微服务,容器资源指标 并在Grafana显示
思路
-
可以通过外部prometheus通过连接apiserver去监控k8s集群内指标。(前提k8s集群内安装好相应的exports)
-
可以通过部署kube-prometheus(集群内部起了一套监控) 在通过联邦的方式,进行监控。
以下采用 外部prometheus监控cadvisor,kube-state-metrics来获取k8s集群指标资源
准备工作
插件介绍
想要监控k8s比较全面的资源指标,我们需要在集群内安装相应的exports,这要借助cadvisor,kube-state-metrics
-
cadvisor: 集成在kubelet内,不需要单独去安装了,它可以收集集群内容器的cpu,内存等指标
-
kube-state-metrics: 轮询api-server,监听 add delete update等事件,换句话说 光有cadvisor这些基本指标去监控,维度是不够的
对于deployment,Pod、daemonset、cronjob等k8s资源对象并没有监控,比如:当前replace是多少?Pod当前状态(pending or running?)cadvisor并没有对具体的资源对象就行监控,因此就需引用新的exports来暴漏监控指标,kube-state-metrics
kube-state-metrics安装部署
- 下载kube-state-metrics安装包
注意: 我的k8s版本为v1.20.6 所以,要在github上看下说明,根据自己k8s的版本按实际情况来选择kube-state-metrics的版本
kube-state-metrics_v2.2.1
下载地址
https://github.com/starsliao/Prometheus/tree/master/kubernetes
将安装包上传至服务器
- 部署kube-state-metrics
按需修改service.yml 中暴露端口,修改后如下:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
# annotations:
# prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
app.kubernetes.io/version: v2.2.1
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: ops-monit
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- name: http-metrics
port: 8080
targetPort: http-metrics
nodePort: 30866
- name: telemetry
port: 8081
targetPort: telemetry
nodePort: 30867
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
在k8s集群中
kubectl create namespace ops-monit
cd kube-state-metrics
kubectl apply -f .
配置Prometheus
vim prometheus.yml
新增如下内容:
- job_name: 'k8s-cadvisor'
scrape_interval: 60s
scrape_timeout: 60s
metrics_path: /metrics/cadvisor
kubernetes_sd_configs: # kubernetes 自动发现
- api_server: https://192.168.1.21:6443 # apiserver 地址
role: node # node 类型的自动发现
namespaces:
names:
- ops-monit
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__]
regex: '(.*):10250'
replacement: '${1}:10255'
target_label: __address__
action: replace
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
metric_relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [instance]
separator: ;
regex: (.+)
target_label: node
replacement: $1
action: replace
- source_labels: [pod_name]
separator: ;
regex: (.+)
target_label: pod
replacement: $1
action: replace
- source_labels: [container_name]
separator: ;
regex: (.+)
target_label: container
replacement: $1
action: replace
- job_name: kube-state-metrics-1
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- api_server: https://192.168.1.21:6443 # apiserver 地址
role: endpoints # node 类型的自动发现
namespaces:
names:
- ops-monit
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- separator: ;
regex: (.*)
target_label: __address__
replacement: 192.168.1.21:30866
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_label_app_kubernetes_io_name]
regex: kube-state-metrics
replacement: $1
action: keep
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: k8s_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
action: replace
target_label: k8s_sname
- job_name: kube-state-metrics-2
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- api_server: https://192.168.1.21:6443 # apiserver 地址
role: endpoints # node 类型的自动发现
namespaces:
names:
- ops-monit
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- separator: ;
regex: (.*)
target_label: __address__
replacement: 192.168.1.21:30867
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_label_app_kubernetes_io_name]
regex: kube-state-metrics
replacement: $1
action: keep
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: k8s_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
action: replace
target_label: k8s_sname
- 以上涉及到了一些段落说明一下
这是外部prometheus连接k8s集群,
填写apiserver地址
命名空间写kube-state-metrics所在的ns空间
通信的token : 在prometheus.yml同级目录创建了个k8s.token的文件,内容为k8s集群中ops-monit空间下的secret---prometheus-token-wq9fd的内容
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- api_server: https://192.168.1.21:6443 # apiserver 地址
role: endpoints # node 类型的自动发现
namespaces:
names:
- ops-monit
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
bearer_token_file: k8s.token
tls_config:
insecure_skip_verify: true
配置仪表盘
Grafana导入id:13105
一些配置上细节的说明,可以参考模板的说明https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/13105-1-k8s-for-prometheus-dashboard-20211010/
grafana监控k8s.png
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