一、
1、no longer放在系动词后面。
2、break out . (战争、打斗等事件)突然发生,爆发;向外砸开;
例如:A fire break out last night . 昨天夜里发生了一起火灾。
3、lie to sb. 欺骗某人
4、would rather 宁愿,
5、turn off关(电源、开关);close(门、窗户);
6、show sb. sth. / show sth. to sb. / show sth. for sb.给某人看某物
buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物
7、If引导的与过去相反的虚拟;
8、现在完成进行时:have /has been doing;
9、wait for 等待,等候,一直待在某个地方,推迟做什么事情直到某人来或者某事发生。
wait on 等待,指等待…(才采取行动或作出决定),侧重点不同。
如:He stays at the railway station and waits for her aunt to come.
She is waiting on the result of a blood test. 她在等验血结果。
wait on sb. 伺候,服侍,招待(尤指进餐)某人,照顾某人;
10、recently/lately最近; these days 这些天;library:图书馆
11、In the hospital 在医院
In hospital 在医院住院
At college 上大学
At a college 在大学
12、主 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语
(名词/代词)+(动词)+(名词/代词)+(副词)
二、非谓语(与时态无关,不会出现“时”)
1、动名词:to do
do—不带“to”的不定式
2、名词:本身 动名词
动名词都是不可数名词。动名词作主语时是第三人称单数。
a swimming pool swimming:指游泳那件事,动名词 (一个游泳池)
a swimming boy swimming:动作正在进行,现在分词 (一个在游泳的人)
3、xxx doing xxxx
doing 如果表示动作正在进行,是现在分词;
若不表示动作正在进行,则是动名词。
逗号不能直接分成两句话,中间必须有and,but,so,or(否则),for(因为)等(并列)连词。但是逗号可以把一句话分为两部分。
(从属连词:when,if)
4、动词不定式:to do :主动
表目的(只有不定式表目的),表将来,在谓语之后
例、I got up early to catch the first bus. A.to catch B.catch
5、动词不定式的被动格式:to be done:被动
表目的(只有不定式表目的),表将来,在谓语之后
6、动词不定式的进行式:to be doing:主动
正在进行
例、Mike pretended to be studying when his mother came in.
A.to study B.to be studying
例、He pretended to know me. A. to know B.to be knowing
pretend to do 假装做某事
7、动词不定式的完成式:to have done:主动 在谓语之前
所有的非谓语动词的完成式,都强调/表示事情发生在谓语之前。
例、He is said to have studied in England when he was young.
A.to study B.to have studied
例、He is said to study in England next year.
A.to study B.to have studied
8、动词不定式的完成式的被动语态 to have been done:被动
在谓语之前
9、常用的不定式短语
seem to do 似乎做某事
hope to do 希望做某事
happen to do 碰巧做某事
be said to do 据说做某事
agree to do 同意做某事
be thought to do 被认为做某事
be believed to do 被认为(被相信)做某事
only to do/ only to be done 结果却.....
ask sb to do 要求/请求某人做某事
tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
expect to do 盼望做某事
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