==1. Eureka-Server==
1.1 新建eureka-server项目,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
1.2 修改application.yml
1.2.1 单例
server:
port: 8761
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
client:
registerWithEureka: false
fetchRegistry: false
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
1.2.2 多例
---
spring:
profiles: peer1
eureka:
instance:
hostname: peer1
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://peer2/eureka/
---
spring:
profiles: peer2
eureka:
instance:
hostname: peer2
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://peer1/eureka/
1.3 添加注解
@EnableEurekaServer
==2. Eureka-Client==
2.1 对应的服务中,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.2 修改application.yml
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
2.3 添加注解
@EnableEurekaClient
==3. Ribbon==
3.1 对应的服务中,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
3.2 修改application.yml
beebee-archives-thrift-consumer: # 服务提供者的名称
ribbon:
NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule # 负载均衡策略
3.3 启动类
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
3.4 添加工具类 EurekaUtil
@Configuration
public class EurekaUtil {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;
/**
* 远程调用
* @param server 调用的服务器
* @param method 调用的方法
* @param p 方法的参数
*/
public <P> String remoteInvoke(String server, String method, P p) {
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose(server);
return restTemplate.postForObject("http://" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + method, p, String.class);
}
}
3.5 Controller调用
@PostMapping("/getList")
public String getList(ArchivesListParam param) {
return eurekaUtil.remoteInvoke(Server.BEEBEE_ARCHIVES_THRIFT_PROVIDER_CLIENT, Method.ARCHIVES_GET_LIST, param);
}
==4. Feign==
4.1 对应的服务中,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
4.2 启动类添加注解
@EnableFeignClients
4.3 在service.impl下,添加 interface
@FeignClient(name = "product-service")
public interface ProductClient {
@GetMapping("/api/v1/product/find")
String findById(@RequestParam("id") int id);
}
4.4 在OrderServiceImpl下使用
@Autowired
private ProductClient productClient;
String resp = productClient.findById(productId);
==5. Hystrix==
5.1 对应的服务中,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
5.2 启动类添加注解
@EnableCircuitBreaker
5.3 OrderController使用
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@RequestMapping("save")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "saveOrderFail")
public Object save(int userId, int productId, HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
data.put("code", 0);
data.put("data", orderService.save(userId, productId));
return data;
}
private Object saveOrderFail(int userId, int productId, HttpServletRequest request) {
String saveOrderKey = "save-order";
String saveValue = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(saveOrderKey);
String ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
new Thread(() -> {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(saveValue)) {
// TODO 调用短信接口 ip服务器宕机,请尽快处理
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(saveOrderKey, "save-order-fail", 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} else {
// TODO 30s内不再重发
}
}).start();
Map<String, Object> msg = new HashMap<>();
msg.put("code", -1);
msg.put("msg", "抢购人数太多,您被寄出来了");
return msg;
}
==6. Feign 结合 Hystrix==
6.1 开启Feign支持Hystrix
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true
6.2 在fallback包下创建ProductClientFallback
@Component
public class ProductClientFallback implements ProductClient {
@Override
public String findById(int id) {
System.out.println("异常处理:记录日志、发送短信或邮件");
return null;
}
}
6.3 在注解@FeignClient添加fallback类
@FeignClient(name = "product-service", fallback = ProductClientFallback.class)
public interface ProductClient {
@GetMapping("/api/v1/product/find")
String findById(@RequestParam("id") int id);
}
==7. 断路器Dashboard监控仪表盘==
7.1 对应的服务中,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
7.2 启动类添加注解
@EnableHystrixDashboard
7.3 修改application.yml
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
7.4 访问入口
http://localhost:8781/hystrix
http://localhost:8781/actuator/hystrix.stream
7.5 断路器图示
断路器close状态
graph LR
consumer-->断路器
断路器-->provider
断路器半开状态
graph LR
consumer-.->断路器
断路器-->provider
断路器open状态
graph LR
consumer-.X.->断路器
断路器-->provider
==8. Zuul==
8.1 新建beebee-zuul项目,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
8.2 启动类添加注解
@EnableZuulProxy
8.3 访问
之前:http://localhost:8781/api/v1/order/save?userId=1&productId=1
现在:http://localhost:9000/order-service/api/v1/order/save?userId=1&productId=1
访问规则:http://ip:port/service-id/*
注意:order-service 注意大小写,需要和application.yml配置的一样
8.4 自定义路由
server:
port: 9000
spring:
application:
name: beebee-api
zuul:
routes:
order-service: /beebee-api/order/** # 自定义服务名称
product-service: /beebee-api/product/** # 此名称不要与上面冲突,否则会覆盖上面的
ignored-services: product-service # 忽略一个,忽略商品服务,不能通过 http://localhost:9000/product-service/... 访问
ignored-patterns: /*-service/** # 忽略多个,只能通过 http://localhost:9000/beebee-api/... 访问
访问方式:http://localhost:9000/beebee-api/api/v1/order/save?userId=1&productId=1
8.5 Http请求头过滤问题
@ConfigurationProperties("zuul")
public class ZuulProperties {
// 默认以下三个敏感信息不传递到下游服务器
private Set<String> sensitiveHeaders = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList("Cookie", "Set-Cookie", "Authorization"));
}
# 将此属性置为空
zuul:
sensitive-headers:
8.6 zuul流程
过滤器order值越小,越优先执行
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8.7 自定义zuul过滤器
在filter包下添加LoginFilter
@Component
public class LoginFilter extends ZuulFilter {
/**
* 过滤器类型,前置过滤器
* @return
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
return PRE_TYPE;
}
/**
* 过滤器执行顺序,越小越先执行
* @return
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 4;
}
/**
* 过滤器是否生效
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = context.getRequest();
// 或者ACL方式
if ("/beebee-api/order/api/v1/order/save".equalsIgnoreCase(request.getRequestURI())) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 业务逻辑
* @return
* @throws ZuulException
*/
@Override
public Object run() throws ZuulException {
RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = context.getRequest();
String token = request.getHeader("token");
token = StringUtils.isEmpty(token) ? request.getParameter("token") : token;
// 登录校验,实际使用改为JWT
if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {
context.setSendZuulResponse(false);
context.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
}
return null;
}
}
8.8 订单服务限流
在filter包下创建OrderRateLimitFilter类
@Component
public class OrderRateLimitFilter extends ZuulFilter {
// Guava:每秒产生1000个令牌,即每秒最多1000个请求
private static final RateLimiter RATE_LIMITER = RateLimiter.create(1000);
@Override
public String filterType() {
return PRE_TYPE;
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return -4;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = context.getRequest();
// 只对订单接口限流
if ("/beebee-api/order/api/v1/order/save".equalsIgnoreCase(request.getRequestURI())) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Object run() throws ZuulException {
RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
if (!RATE_LIMITER.tryAcquire()) {
context.setSendZuulResponse(false);
context.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS.value());
}
return null;
}
}
==9. Sleuth==
9.1 对应的项目中,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
9.2 XxxServiceImpl中使用
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
logger.info("order -- service");
2019-01-16 17:45:51.507 INFO [order-service,4fdff23615ab2226,d8818e5c8e6e5ba5,false] 8446 --- [derController-2] c.z.o.service.impl.OrderServiceImpl : order -- service
第一个值:order-service,spring.application.name的值
第二个值:4fdff23615ab2226,叫TraceID,用来标识一条请求链路,一条请求链路中包含一个TraceID,多个SpanID
第三个值:d8818e5c8e6e5ba5,叫SpanID,基本的工作单元,获取元数据,如发送一个http
第四个值:false,是否要将该信息输出到zipkin服务中来收集和展示。
==10. Zipkin==
10.1 web使用 Zipkin
docker run -d -p 9411:9411 openzipkin/zipkin
访问:http://localhost:9411/zipkin/
10.2 对应的服务中,添加pom依赖
这个依赖包含了 spring-cloud-starter-sleuth、spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin
相应的服务都要添加以下依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
10.3 修改application.yml
spring:
application:
name: order-service
zipkin:
base-url: http://localhost:9411
sleuth:
sampler:
probability: 1 # 采样百分比:开发环境=1即100%,生成环境用默认的=0.1即10%
==11. Config==
11.1 新建config-server项目,添加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
11.2 启动类添加注解
@EnableConfigServer
11.3 修改application.yml
spring:
application:
name: config-server
server:
port: 9100
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
11.4 码云建立config-cloud项目
https://gitee.com/zhangyimai/config-cloud.git
11.5 修改application.yml
spring:
cloud:
config:
server:
git:
uri: https://gitee.com/zhangyimai/config-cloud
username:
password:
timeout: 5
11.6 在码云config-cloud项目上,新建product-service.yml文件
11.7 访问方式
http://localhost:9100/product-service.yml
/{name}-{profiles}.properties
/{name}-{profiles}.yml
/{name}-{profiles}.json
/{label}/{name}-{profiles}.yml
name:服务器名称
profile:环境名称,开发、测试、生产
lable:仓库分支、默认master分支
11.8 config-client使用,product-service添加pom依赖
<!--配置中心客户端-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
11.9 修改application.yml为bootstrap.yml
# 服务名称
spring:
application:
name: product-service
# 指定从哪个配置中心读取
cloud:
config:
discovery:
service-id: CONFIG-SERVER # 服务ID
enabled: true
label: dev # dev分支,建议用label区分配置文件的环境
profile: dev # 配置文件后缀,不建议用profile区分配置文件的环境
# 注册中心
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
此配置文件读取的路径:http://localhost:9100/dev/product-service-dev.yml
==12. Bus==
12.1 Docker安装启动RabbitMQ
docker pull rabbitmq:management
docker run -d --name="myrabbitmq" -p 5671:5671 -p 15672:15672 rabbitmq:management
访问:http://localhost:15672
用户名密码:guest
12.2 config-client添加pom依赖
<!--配置中心结合消息队列-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
12.3 添加RabbitMQ等配置
在码云config-cloud项目中,对应的配置文件添加如下配置
# RabbitMQ连接信息
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
#暴露全部的监控信息
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
12.4 需要刷新配置的类上添加注解
如需动态刷新,需要配置以下注解
@RefreshScope
12.5 动态刷新配置
post方式请求:http://localhost:8773/actuator/bus-refresh
8773是当前项目的端口,如果是多个节点,其他节点也会刷新
注意:动态刷新配置,在开发和测试环境使用,尽量少在生产环境使用
==13. 微服务改造为配置中心总结==
13.1 码云上创建cloud-config项目,并添加对应配置文件
微服务添加以下配置
# RabbitMQ连接信息
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
#暴露全部的监控信息
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
13.2 微服务添加pom依赖
<!--配置中心客户端-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--配置中心结合消息队列-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
13.3 application.yml --> bootstrap.yml
# 服务名称
spring:
application:
name: product-service
# 指定从哪个配置中心读取
cloud:
config:
discovery:
service-id: CONFIG-SERVER # 服务ID
enabled: true
label: dev # dev分支
profile: dev # 配置文件后缀
# 注册中心
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
13.4 各个项目启动顺序
1. 注册中心
2. 配置中心
3. 各个服务:商品服务、订单服务...
4. 启动网关
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