45.To alleviate rush hour traffic jams in a congested downtown area, a subway system should be expanded to provide services to a growing suburb, and a bike-sharing program should be adopted to encourage nonmotorized transportation.
为了解决城区高峰期的交通问题，地铁系统应该延伸到不断发展的郊区，自行车共享的项目也应该开展，这样可以鼓励使用非机动车。
46.The work of transportation planners generally includes evaluating current transportation needs, assessing the effectiveness of existing facilities, and improving those facilities or designing new ones.
交通规划者的任务通常包括评估当前的交通需求，评估现有交通设备的有效性，以及改进这些设备或者设计新的。
47. Traffic congestion is mainly caused by commuters travelling to and from work and they tend to drive their private cars because public transport is often slow and unreliable. Metro systems and trains are often dirty and crowed, and this makes people feel like “sardines in a can”.
交通堵塞主要是由于远距离上下班的人们造成的，同学他们又喜欢开自己的私家车因为公共交通通常慢且不可靠。地铁和火车通常都很脏和拥挤，人们感觉自己像罐子里的沙丁鱼。
48. In order to reduce traffic we should change our working habits. To be more specific, more people could work from home or they should be given flexible timetables, and meetings can be held as video conferences. Another solution would be to tax drivers. In London, for example, there is a congestion charge and this helps to raise money for better public transport.
为了减少交通堵塞，我们应该改变工作习惯。具体的说，更多的人可以在家里工作或者工作时间能更灵活，会议可以是视频会议的形式。另一个解决办法是向司机征税. 比如在伦敦就有拥堵税，这还可以帮助筹集资金来修建更好的公共交通。
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