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Zookeeper3:Zookeeper-api的应用

Zookeeper3:Zookeeper-api的应用

作者: 勇于自信 | 来源:发表于2020-04-28 16:25 被阅读0次

    org.apache.zookeeper.Zookeeper是客户端入口主类,负责建立与server的会话
    它提供了表 所示几类主要方法 :
    create 在本地目录树中创建一个节点
    delete 删除一个节点
    exists 测试本地是否存在目标节点
    get/set data 从目标节点上读取 / 写数据
    get/set ACL 获取 / 设置目标节点访问控制列表信息
    get children 检索一个子节点上的列表
    sync 等待要被传送的数据

    1.java对zookeeper增删改查案例
    1. 增加:给根目录下新增/idea节点,增加内容:hellozk
    package core;
    import org.apache.zookeeper.*;
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class SimpleZkClinet {
        private static final String connectString="192.168.131.101:2181,192.168.131.102:2181,192.168.131.103:2181";
        private static final int sessionTimeout = 30000;
        ZooKeeper zkClinet = null;
    
        @Before
        public void init() throws Exception {
            zkClinet = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
                @Override
                public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
                    //收到事件通知后的回调函数(应该是我们自己的事件处理逻辑)
                    System.out.println(event.getType()+"---"+event.getPath());
                }
            });
        }
    
        /**
         * 数据的增加
         */
        @Test
        public void testCreate() throws Exception {
            String nodeCreated = zkClinet.create("/idea","hellozk".getBytes(),
                    ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
            System.out.println("nodeCreated:"+nodeCreated);
        }
    }
    

    运行代码,报错:



    问题原因:经排查防火墙已关闭,而且能和zookeeper的端口ping通,但是linux上的zookeeper是认master的,而本地不认master。
    解决办法:在windows添加ip映射master



    再次运行代码,没报错了,去linux上检查:
    先启动zkCli.sh,启动客户端,输入命令:ls / 可以看到有idea,然后get /idea可以发现有我们插入的内容
    1. 查询:获取子节点
    /**
         * 数据的查:获取子节点
         */
        @Test
        public void getChildren() throws Exception {
            List<String> children = zkClinet.getChildren("/", true);
            for(String child:children){
                System.out.println(child);
            }
          Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
        }
    

    最后一处 Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);代码,它的作用是不让进程结束,以便于监听。
    运行代码,查询结果如下:



    我们发现,第一行打印出的不是节点,而是我们上面代码的监听。
    它的意思是:当我们更改/根节点时,会打印出节点的变化。但是以上代码,只监听一次。
    如果想让它一直监听,则加入以下代码:



    这样,每次根节点有更改都会一直监听。
    1. 查询:获取子节点
    @Test
        public void testExist() throws Exception{
            Stat stat = zkClinet.exists("/idea", false);
            System.out.println(stat==null?"not exist":"exist");
        }
    

    运行代码,输出如下:


    1. 查询:
    @Test
        public void getData() throws Exception{
            //第二个参数:是否监听数据
            //第三个参数:获取哪个版本的数据,获取最新的,给null就可以了。
            byte[] data = zkClinet.getData("/idea", false, null);
            System.out.println(new String(data));
        }
    

    运行代码,打印结果如下:
    log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper).
    log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
    log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
    hellozk

    1. 删除节点:
    @Test
        public void deleteZnode()throws Exception{
            //参数2:指定要删除的版本,-1表示删除所有版本
            zkClinet.delete("/idea",-1);
        }
    

    运行代码,再次运行查询代码,如下:
    log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper).
    log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
    log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
    qqq
    cluster
    controller_epoch
    brokers
    zookeeper
    admin
    isr_change_notification
    consumers
    config
    可以发现,已经不存在了/idea节点。

    1. 修改:更改节点数据
    @Test
        public void setData() throws Exception{
            //第二个参数:是否监听数据
            //第三个参数:获取哪个版本的数据,获取最新的,给null就可以了。
            zkClinet.setData("/qqq", "ccc".getBytes(),-1);
            byte[] data = zkClinet.getData("/qqq", false, null);
            System.out.println(new String(data));
        }
    

    运行代码,打印如下:
    log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper).
    log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
    log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
    ccc
    可以看到,修改成功。

    2.zookeeper应用案例(分布式应用HA||分布式锁)

    1.实现分布式应用的(主节点HA)及客户端动态更新主节点状态
    某分布式系统中,主节点可以有多台,可以动态上下线,任意一台客户端都能实时感知到主节点服务器的上下线


    A、客户端实现
    public class AppClient {
          private String groupNode = "sgroup";
          private ZooKeeper zk;
          private Stat stat = new Stat();
          private volatile List<String> serverList;
    /**
     * 连接zookeeper
     */
    public void connectZookeeper() throws Exception {
          zk = new ZooKeeper("localhost:4180,localhost:4181,localhost:4182", 5000, new Watcher() {
          public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
          // 如果发生了"/sgroup"节点下的子节点变化事件, 更新server列表, 并重新注册监听
          if (event.getType() == EventType.NodeChildrenChanged
          && ("/" + groupNode).equals(event.getPath())) {
          try {
                updateServerList();
          } catch (Exception e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
          } }
          }
          });
          updateServerList();
          }
    /**
     * 更新server列表
     */
    
    private void updateServerList() throws Exception {
          List<String> newServerList = new ArrayList<String>();
          // 获取并监听groupNode的子节点变化
          // watch参数为true, 表示监听子节点变化事件.
          // 每次都需要重新注册监听, 因为一次注册, 只能监听一次事件, 如果还想继续保持监听, 必须重新注册
          List<String> subList = zk.getChildren("/" + groupNode, true);
          for (String subNode : subList) {
          // 获取每个子节点下关联的server地址
          byte[] data = zk.getData("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, false, stat);
          newServerList.add(new String(data, "utf-8"));
          }
          // 替换server列表
          serverList = newServerList;
          System.out.println("server list updated: " + serverList);
    }
    /**
     * client的工作逻辑写在这个方法中
     * 此处不做任何处理, 只让client sleep
     */
    public void handle() throws InterruptedException {
          Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
          AppClient ac = new AppClient();
          ac.connectZookeeper();
          ac.handle();
    }
    }
    

    B、服务器端实现

    public class AppServer {
    
    private String groupNode = "sgroup";
    
    private String subNode = "sub";
    
    
    
    /**
    
     * 连接zookeeper
    
     * @param address server的地址
    
     */
    
    public void connectZookeeper(String address) throws Exception {
    
    ZooKeeper zk = new ZooKeeper(
    
    "localhost:4180,localhost:4181,localhost:4182",
    
    5000, new Watcher() {
    
    public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
    
    // 不做处理
    
    }
    
    });
    
    // 在"/sgroup"下创建子节点
    
    // 子节点的类型设置为EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL, 表明这是一个临时节点, 且在子节点的名称后面加上一串数字后缀
    
    // 将server的地址数据关联到新创建的子节点上
    
    String createdPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, address.getBytes("utf-8"),
    
    Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
    
    System.out.println("create: " + createdPath);
    
    }
    
    
    
    /**
    
     * server的工作逻辑写在这个方法中
    
     * 此处不做任何处理, 只让server sleep
    
     */
    
    public void handle() throws InterruptedException {
    
    Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    
    }
    
    
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    
    // 在参数中指定server的地址
    
    if (args.length == 0) {
    
    System.err.println("The first argument must be server address");
    
    System.exit(1);
    
    }
    
    (2)分布式共享锁的简单实现
    客户端A
    public class DistributedClient {
        // 超时时间
        private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 5000;
        // zookeeper server列表
        private String hosts = "localhost:4180,localhost:4181,localhost:4182";
        private String groupNode = "locks";
        private String subNode = "sub";
        private ZooKeeper zk;
        // 当前client创建的子节点
        private String thisPath;
        // 当前client等待的子节点
        private String waitPath;
        private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        /**
         * 连接zookeeper
         */
        public void connectZookeeper() throws Exception {
            zk = new ZooKeeper(hosts, SESSION_TIMEOUT, new Watcher() {
                public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
                    try {
                        // 连接建立时, 打开latch, 唤醒wait在该latch上的线程
                        if (event.getState() == KeeperState.SyncConnected) {
                            latch.countDown();
                        }
                        // 发生了waitPath的删除事件
                        if (event.getType() == EventType.NodeDeleted && event.getPath().equals(waitPath)) {
                            doSomething();
                        }
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
            // 等待连接建立
            latch.await();
            // 创建子节点
            thisPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
            CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
            // wait一小会, 让结果更清晰一些
            Thread.sleep(10);
            // 注意, 没有必要监听"/locks"的子节点的变化情况
            List<String> childrenNodes = zk.getChildren("/" + groupNode, false);
            // 列表中只有一个子节点, 那肯定就是thisPath, 说明client获得锁
            if (childrenNodes.size() == 1) {
                doSomething();
            } else {
                String thisNode = thisPath.substring(("/" + groupNode + "/").length());
                // 排序
                Collections.sort(childrenNodes);
                int index = childrenNodes.indexOf(thisNode);
                if (index == -1) {
                    // never happened
                } else if (index == 0) {
                    // inddx == 0, 说明thisNode在列表中最小, 当前client获得锁
                    doSomething();
                } else {
                    // 获得排名比thisPath前1位的节点
                    this.waitPath = "/" + groupNode + "/" + childrenNodes.get(index - 1);
                    // 在waitPath上注册监听器, 当waitPath被删除时, zookeeper会回调监听器的process方法
                    zk.getData(waitPath, true, new Stat());
                }
            }
        }
        private void doSomething() throws Exception {
            try {
                System.out.println("gain lock: " + thisPath);
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                // do something
            } finally {
                System.out.println("finished: " + thisPath);
                // 将thisPath删除, 监听thisPath的client将获得通知
                // 相当于释放锁
                zk.delete(this.thisPath, -1);
            }
        }
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                new Thread() {
                    public void run() {
                        try {
                            DistributedClient dl = new DistributedClient();
                            dl.connectZookeeper();
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }.start();
            }
            Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
        }
    }
    AppServer as = new AppServer();
    as.connectZookeeper(args[0]);
    as.handle();
    }
    }
    

    分布式多进程模式实现:

    public class DistributedClientMy {
          // 超时时间
          private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 5000;
          // zookeeper server列表
          private String hosts = "spark01:2181,spark02:2181,spark03:2181";
          private String groupNode = "locks";
          private String subNode = "sub";
          private boolean haveLock = false;
          private ZooKeeper zk;
          // 当前client创建的子节点
          private volatile String thisPath;
          /**
           * 连接zookeeper
           */
    public void connectZookeeper() throws Exception {
          zk = new ZooKeeper("spark01:2181", SESSION_TIMEOUT, new Watcher() {
          public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
          try {
          // 子节点发生变化
          if (event.getType() == EventType.NodeChildrenChanged && event.getPath().equals("/" + groupNode)) {
          // thisPath是否是列表中的最小节点
          List<String> childrenNodes = zk.getChildren("/" + groupNode, true);
          String thisNode = thisPath.substring(("/" + groupNode + "/").length());
          // 排序
          Collections.sort(childrenNodes);
          if (childrenNodes.indexOf(thisNode) == 0) {
          doSomething();
          thisPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
          CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
          }
          }
          } catch (Exception e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
          }
          }
          });
          // 创建子节点
          thisPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
          CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
          // wait一小会, 让结果更清晰一些
          Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(1000));
          // 监听子节点的变化
          List<String> childrenNodes = zk.getChildren("/" + groupNode, true);
          // 列表中只有一个子节点, 那肯定就是thisPath, 说明client获得锁
          if (childrenNodes.size() == 1) {
          doSomething();
          thisPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
          CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
          }
    }
    
    /**
     * 共享资源的访问逻辑写在这个方法中
     */
    private void doSomething() throws Exception {
          try {
          System.out.println("gain lock: " + thisPath);
          Thread.sleep(2000);
          // do something
          } finally {
          System.out.println("finished: " + thisPath);
          // 将thisPath删除, 监听thisPath的client将获得通知
          // 相当于释放锁
          zk.delete(this.thisPath, -1);
          }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
          DistributedClientMy dl = new DistributedClientMy();
          dl.connectZookeeper();
          Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    }
    

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