工欲善其事，必先利其器! CentOS下部署Python3+My

一、CentOS 7 下源码安装Python3.7.3

解决依赖

yum -y update # 更新系统环境
yum groupinstall "Development tools" # 安装开发工具包
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel  bzip2-libs libffi-devel \
openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel \
tk-devel gcc make openssl-static patch gdbm-devel \
libpcap-devel xz-devel gcc-c++ libstdc++-devel

下载Python安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.3/Python-3.7.3.tgz

解压Python压缩安装包,配置编译并安装

tar -xvzf Python-3.7.3.tgz
cd Python-3.7.3/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python37 --enable-optimizations
make
make install 

配置环境变量

方法一：

• 将Python3的执行路径添加到PATH环境变量中，修改/etc/profile文件，添加如下内容：

export PATH=/usr/local/python37/bin:$PATH

• 执行source /etc/profile使设置生效

方法二：

• 在/usr/local/bin中添加python3的软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python37/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3

执行测试

• 命令行中执行python3，如果有如下信息则证明安装成功
  [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
• 如果提示-bash: python3: command not found则表示安装失败，或配置失败

问题记录

• 执行make install 时报错 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes的解决办法
  • 执行yum install libffi-devel -y命令，python3.7以后依赖libffi-devel
    • 若在安装前移除了/usr/bin下python的文件链接依赖，此时yum无法正常使用，需要自己下载相关软件包安装
    • wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libffi-devel-3.0.13-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
    • rpm -ivh libffi-devel-3.0.13-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
  • 重新执行make install命令

二、CentOS 7 下 yum安装 MySQL5.7.25

获取MySQL yum源

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL yum源

rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL

yum -y install mysql-community-server

启动MySQL服务

service mysqld start

获取临时密码

grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

使用临时密码登录

mysql -uroot -p

修改用户密码

ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY "password"

• 执行exit 退出mysql命令行，使用新密码重新登录MySQL

mysql -uroot -p

允许远程登录MySQL，修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件，添加以下内容：

bind-address=0.0.0.0

grant all privileges on *.* to 'username'@'%' identified by 'password' with grant option;
flush privileges;

防火墙过滤80端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp    # 添加通过端口及协议
firewall-cmd --reload # 重新加载配置