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每日一词

每日一词

作者: 莹仔Skye | 来源:发表于2019-01-15 23:52 被阅读0次

    现象级英语

     

    每日一词 87 | prone

    每日一词

    2019.01.15

    1. 这是什么词?

    词:prone

    英英释义:likely to do something or be affected by something, especially something bad

    例句:Japan is prone to earthquakes and typhoons.

    2. 为什么选这个词?

    “prone”是个形容词,表示“易于…的” “很可能…的”,也就是说它经常可以用来替换 likely, inclined 等表示“有…可能/倾向”的词,是个在口语和写作中都高频实用的表达。

    prone 最常见的用法是 be prone to,后面常接有负向意义的名词或者动词。比如日本地形独特,是一个经常遭受地震或台风的国家,我们就可以说:

    Japan is prone to earthquakes and typhoons.(be prone to 后接名词的用法)

    或者:

    Japan is prone to suffer earthquakes and typhoons. (be prone to 后接动词原形的用法)

    许多人在接受测试的时候都很容易紧张不安,我们就可以说:

    Most people are prone to anxiety during a test.

    《经济学人》中就出现过许多这种用法,比如:

    But in China and India, young women have been unusually prone to suicide.

    prone 的另一个常见用法是与名词连用构成形容词,表示“易受…影响的”,和 be prone to 可以替换实用。比如像美式橄榄球、冰球等对抗性运动的球员往往很容易受伤,我们就可以说:

    American football and ice hockey players are prone to injury.

    或者:

    American football and ice hockey players are injury-prone.

    这样 -prone 的用法可以让表达简洁、灵活,比如上面的第一个例句也可以写成:

    Japan is earthquake- and typhoon-prone. (注意这里连字符的用法:earthquake- and typhoon-prone 等于 earthquake-prone and typhoon-prone)

    我们在阅读中要注意收集这样的表达。

    3. 怎样学会使用这个词?

    1)使用《牛津英语搭配词典》查“prone”,了解它的常用搭配。

    2)翻译下面的句子:

    超重人群容易患高血压和高血糖。

    Overweight people are prone to high blood pressure and high blood sugar.

    (参考翻译:Overweight people are prone to high blood pressure and high blood sugar. 或 People with excess weight are prone to develop high blood pressure and elevated blood sugar.)

    2.The old are prone to fracture.

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