Recurrent Neural Networks
- networks with loops in them, allowing information to persist.
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- unroll
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The Problem of Long-Term Dependencies
- use past to predict now
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- The problem was explored in depth by Hochreiter (1991) [German] and Bengio, et al. (1994), who found some pretty fundamental reasons why it might be difficult.
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这是普通的RNN结构
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这是LSTM结构
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The Core Idea Behind LSTMs
- 重要的点 cell state(传输带),能够在上面增加或者去除cell
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- 门有让信息通过的能力。由sigmoid和乘法运算组成。
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它决定有多少信息通过。0意味着不让任何信息通过,1意味着让所有信息通过。
Step-by-Step LSTM Walk Through
- “forget gate layer.”
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- decide what new information we’re going to store
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- 我们决定那些要忘记,那些信息重要的要留下
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- 最后我们决定要输出什么(时态or词性)
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LSTM变形
1.我们希望在忘记之前能够查看cell state的情况(peepholes)
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2.当我们忘记旧的东西,我们才加入新的值
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3.把forget gate 和 input gate 变成update gate。把cell state 和hidden state 结合在一起。
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