声明：本位为针对经济学人2017年4月15日某篇文章节选整理的个人笔记，仅供学习交流。
经济学人原文链接（需要翻墙，关注颖视英文公众号，后台回复“翻墙”免费获取电脑翻墙软件安装包）：
http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21720611-turks-are-split-over-giving-new-powers-recep-tayyip-erdogan-be-warned-he-would-use-them
Turkey’s referendum（全民公投；公民投票）
The vote that will determine the fate of Turkey’s democracy
Turks are split over giving new powers to Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Be warned: he would use them without restraint
笔记：
1. Turks 土耳其人
2. Be split over 分裂
3. Give powers to… 这里的power是权力
4. Recep Tayyip Erdogan
According to Wikipedia, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan，born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician（土耳其政客） who has been the President of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as（任职） the Prime Minister of Turkey from 2003 to 2014 and as the Mayor of Istanbul （伊斯坦布尔市长）from 1994 to 1998. He founded the Justice and Development Party (AKP) in 2001 and led it to three general election victories in 2002, 2007 and 2011 before standing down as leader upon his election as President in 2014. Originating from an Islamist political background and as a self-described conservative democrat, his administration has overseen social conservative and liberal economic policies.
5. Without restraint 不受约束
Print edition | Briefing
Apr 15th 2017 | ISTANBUL
IT IS hardly a fair contest. In the campaign for Turkey’s constitutional referendum, due on April 16th, the Yes side has harnessed the power of the state to crush the Noes. Selahattin Demirtas, co-leader of a pro-Kurdish party, was poised to become one of the main No voices but has ended up behind bars on trumped-up terror charges. He faces 142 years in prison. A Kurdish-language song calling for No has been banned. A study of 168.5 hours of campaign coverage on 17 national television channels at the start of March showed that Yes supporters got 90% of the airtime. The route from Sabiha Gokcen airport, outside Istanbul, has more than a dozen building-sized banners with an image of the president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, or his prime minister extolling a Yes vote. Giant No banners are nowhere to be seen.
笔记：
1. Turkey’s constitutional referendum 土耳其宪法公投
2. due on 截止到
3. the Yes side 支持的一方
4. harness the power of 掌控权力
If you harness something such as an emotion or natural source of energy, you bring it under your control and use it.
5. be poised to 准备就绪；随时准备着
6. behind bars 在监狱服刑
7. trumped-up 捏造的；伪造的
8. coverage 新闻报道
9. airtime 电影或电视节目开始的时间
10. building-sized banners 像楼一样高的横幅
11. extol 赞美；吹捧；颂扬
Stacked as it is, the ballot could not be more consequential. Voters must decide whether to abandon a parliamentary system in favour of an executive presidency that would give the head of state complete power over the budget and the executive, and huge sway over the judiciary. MPs would have minimal powers of scrutiny.
笔记：
1. Stack 堆叠
2. Ballot 投票总数
3. Could not be more consequential 指投票结果至关重要
4. Sway over judiciary对司法制度的影响
5. MP Member of Parliament 国会议员
The result will help determine the fate of Mr Erdogan, who has governed since 2003—first as a reforming prime minister, but lately as a strongman president who has come to treat all opposition as a form of treason. A No would be a grave blow for Mr Erdogan. A Yes would root his power in the very foundations of the state.
笔记：
1. Determine the fate of sb. 决定某人的命运
2. Has governed since… 自某年开始执政
3. Strongman 铁腕人物
4. Treat all opposition as a form a treason
将一切反对行为视为叛国行为
5. A grave blow for sb. 对某人的沉重打击
6. Root one’s power in… 使其政权植根于…
The fate of Turkey is at stake, too. Ever since Mr Erdogan took power, the country has been a test of what happens when democracy is put together with political Islam. Turkey was also an example of the benign influence of the European Union, which encouraged open markets and civil rights. Some years ago Mr Erdogan began to reject all that for nationalism and autocracy. Lately he has courted Russia and the Gulf monarchies. He would use a Yes as a popular endorsement of that illiberal path.
笔记：
1. At stake 危如累卵；处于危险中
2. Benign influence 良性的影响
3. Civil right 公民权利
4. Nationalism and autocracy 民族主义和独裁政治
5. Court 向…献殷勤
6. Endorsement 支持；认可；背书
Since Mr Erdogan has all the advantages, anything but a resounding victory ought to count as a defeat. At least 40% of the country—religious and conservative—will support him come what may. He chose the timing of the vote in the wake of a failed coup last summer, when most of Turkey had united behind him. He has attacked the EU, Turkey’s biggest market, in an attempt to stir up nationalist support. The authorities have nearly 50,000 people in detention, whom it calls coup-supporters and terrorists; it has sacked 100,000 more. Abetted by a captive, frightened judiciary, the police are rounding up anyone Mr Erdogan designates as an enemy.
笔记：
1. Since 因为；由于
2. Anything but 决不；根本不
3. Resounding victory 响亮的胜利
4. Come what may 不管发生什么；无论如何
5. In the wake of 紧紧跟随；随着…而来；作为…的结果；仿效
6. Failed coup 失败的政变
7. Be united behind sb. 一致支持某人
8. Stir up nationalist support 唤起民族主义者的支持
9. In detention 被拘留；被扣押
10. Sack 解雇；劫掠
11. Abetted by 受…的教唆
12. Round up 围捕；赶珑
He has a healthy lead in the polls (see chart 1). Yet in the privacy of the polling booth, voters might deny Mr Erdogan his victory. Outside the ferry terminal in Uskudar on the Asian shore of the Bosporus, across the water from one of the sultans’ palaces, the AK party, co-founded and led by Mr Erdogan until he became president, has more workers handing out leaflets than there are punters willing to take them. The red and white tent of its nationalist allies blares out the peppery strains of Turkish bagpipes to Instanbulus who turn their shoulders and walk by. The country is uneasy, rocked by the failed coup and murderous bombing campaigns of jihadists and Kurdish separatists. Corruption, state interference and a collapse in tourism are weighing on the economy.
图片发自简书
笔记：
1. A healthy lead in the polls
在民意调查中领先
2. Polling booth 投票站
3. Ferry terminal 轮渡码头；车船联运港
4. Bosporus博斯普鲁斯海峡
5. Sultan 苏丹（某些伊斯兰国家统治者的称号）
6. Punter顾客；主顾；客户；赌马的人；弃踢手
7. Blare out 刺耳地说出
8. Peppery 辛辣的；脾气不好的
9. Turn a cold shoulder反面无情
例句：He will not turn the cold shoulder on me when I am in trouble.
他不会在我困难时疏远我。
10. jihadists and Kurdish separatists 圣战者和库尔德分离主义分子
11. weigh on 影响到
cause concern, anxiety(because of importance, seriousness)
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