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车里是哭泣的好地方?独处的脆弱应被尊重

车里是哭泣的好地方?独处的脆弱应被尊重

作者: 静静的含羞草 | 来源:发表于2019-02-10 08:59 被阅读71次

    心理

    车里是哭泣的好地方?独处的脆弱应被尊重

    2019-02-10

    今日导读

    哭,是人类生理情绪的一种表达方式。我们会因悲伤、不幸和哀痛而哭泣,也会因喜悦、欢乐和感动而落泪。虽然每个人哭泣的原因不尽相同,但大部分人选择哭泣的地点却大同小异。调查发现,除了在家,很多人也喜欢在汽车里放声大哭。为什么会这样?我们一起来看今天的新闻。

    带着问题听讲解

    Q1: cathartic 这个词是什么意思?

    Q2: “如释重负”用英文可以怎么表达?

    Q3: 人们喜欢在车里哭的原因都有哪些?

    新闻正文

    Why cars are a popular place for a good cry

    为什么人们喜欢在车里大哭一场

    Maybe a particularly moving story on public radio sets you off. Maybe it's a song that reminds you of a loved one who's died, or it's been a bad day at work. Maybe you're just really tired. Whatever the cause, it seems that a lot of us cry in the car. So why is letting down your guard behind the wheel a phenomenon?

    也许是公共电台里一个特别感人的故事触动了你,也许是一首歌曲让你想起了已故的挚爱亲人,又或许是这一天的工作让你感到糟心,也可能你只是真的累了。不管是什么原因,我们很多人似乎都会在车里哭泣。那么,为什么会存在人们在驾驶座卸下心理防备这种现象呢?

    For many, music is a big factor. Paul Silvia, professor of Psychology at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, looked at the deep emotional responses people have when listening to music, including crying. When his team asked people about crying in response to music, they reported that the most common place it happens is at home. The second most common is in their cars.

    对许多人来说,音乐是一个影响很大的因素。保罗·西尔维亚是北卡罗来纳大学格林斯伯勒分校的心理学教授,他曾研究了人们听音乐时深层的情绪反应,哭泣也是其中一种。当他的团队询问人们在什么场景会因为音乐哭泣时,受访者报告说这种场景最普遍发生在家里,其次就是在他们的车里。

    "It's a surprisingly contemplative place," Silvia said, noting that there's temperature control and usually a nice audio system. More important, people are often alone, providing a rare freedom that extends to the evocative music they choose.

    “这个地方意外地适合人们沉思,”西尔维亚说道。他还提到了车内的环境配有能控温的空调,并且通常会有一个不错的音频播放系统。更重要的是,人们在车上一般都是一个人待着,而这提供了一种难得的自由,这种自由还包括可以选择那些能唤起回忆的歌曲。

    Debbie Pausig, a licensed marriage and family therapist in New Haven, Connecticut, who specializes in grief, said that for many of her clients, feelings of loss—of a loved one or otherwise—manifest in the car.

    黛比·波西格是美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市的一名持证婚姻和家庭治疗师,专门研究人们的悲伤哀痛。她表示,对于她的很多客户来说,失去亲人或其他心爱之人的痛苦情绪会在车里流露出来。

    There's a name for this, she said: Psychologist Therese Rando invented the acronym "STUG" or "sudden, temporary, upsurge of grief."

    她说,对这种现象有一个专门的称呼:心理学家特雷兹·兰多发明了首字母缩写词“STUG”,意为“突然、暂时、汹涌的悲伤”。

    While crying alone is cathartic, Pausig likes to remind people that sharing the load with a friend or professional can be incredibly meaningful for both parties. She added, however, that people don't always want support, a hug or a reminder to "cheer up."

    虽然独自流泪能起到宣泄作用,但波西格想要提醒人们,把自己的压力与朋友或专业人士一起分担对双方来说都是非常有用的。不过,她补充道,人们并不总是想要得到帮助、拥抱或一个让自己“振作起来”的提醒。

    "Perhaps the safety net of being in the car is that we don't always want to be rescued," she said.

    她说:“也许呆在车里给了我们安全保障,因为我们并不总是想要被拯救。”

    —————  文章来源 / 华盛顿邮报

    重点词汇

    set off

    引发,触发

    let down one's guard

    放下警惕

    e.g.

    例句:I'll not let you down.

    相关词汇:bodyguard

    behind the wheel

    在方向盘后方,在驾驶座

    look at

    研究

    contemplative/kənˈtemplətɪv/

    adj.沉思的,冥想的

    e.g.

    英文释义:thinking quietly and seriously about sth.

    例句:She was in a contemplative mood.

    extend to

    包括,适用于

    e.g.

    例句:This offer extends to employees' family members.

    evocative/ɪˈvɑːkətɪv/

    adj. 唤起回忆的,引起共鸣的

    e.g.

    相关词汇:evoke (v.)

    搭配短语:an evocative smell

    therapist/ˈθerəpɪst/

    n. 治疗师

    e.g.

    词根词缀:-ist 表示人物身份

    manifest/ˈmænɪfest/

    v. 显现,流露

    e.g.

    英文释义:If sth. manifests itself, it becomes visible or obvious.

    例句 1:The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.

    例句 2:The anger he felt is manifest in some of his paintings. (adj.)

    acronym/ˈækrənɪm/

    n. 首字母缩略词

    e.g.

    相关词汇:AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

    upsurge/ˈʌpsɜːrdʒ/

    n. 急剧上升,猛增

    e.g.

    搭配短语:an upsurge in sales

    cathartic/kəˈθɑːrtɪk/

    adj. 宣泄情绪的(Catharsis n.)

    e.g.

    搭配短语:a cathartic experience

    load/loʊd/

    n. 压力,负担;装载量

    e.g.

    搭配短语:to lighten one's load

    搭配短语:to take a load off one's mind

    例句:This truck carried a heavy load of coal.

    词义辨析

    load, burden

    这两个词都有“负担”的意思。但 load 所涵盖的范围更广,而且感情色彩没有 burden 强烈,burden 更多是指沉重、令人不快的负担。

    incredibly/ɪnˈkredəbli/

    adv. 极其地,非常

    e.g.

    搭配短语:incredibly lucky

    搭配短语:incredibly beautiful

    近义词:extremely

    safety net

    安全网,安全保障

    e.g.

    搭配短语:a safety net for the unemployed

    拓展内容

    突发性悲痛(STUG)

    突发性悲痛(STUG)是丧失至亲之人常感受到的一种强烈的、突发性的悲痛心理。它往往带来十分剧烈的情绪反应,比如哭泣。并且,这种悲痛的袭来总是出乎意料,也许前一秒的我们还一切正常,下一秒就突然被悲痛笼罩。突发性悲痛的触发点可能是在超市中看到逝者所爱的食物,或是在路上闻到熟悉的香水气息。香气、声音、触感、味觉都会让我们沉浸在与逝者共度的美好时光中,难以自拔,以致影响当事者正常思考、交谈和活动。不过,随着时间的推移,悲痛的感觉会从数日、数小时逐渐缩短至几分钟,频次也会降低。另外,清楚地认识到自己正在经历“突发性悲痛”将有助于当事者从痛苦中走出。从某个角度来说,这种症状其实正是在提醒着我们,至爱从未离开。

    宣泄(Catharsis)背后的心理学

    Catharsis 一词来自于希腊语 katharsis,表示情绪的“净化”或是“宣泄”。亚里士多德在他的著作《诗学》中探讨悲剧的作用时,第一次提到这一意象。在《诗学》之前,这个词的使用仅仅局限于医学领域,表示人体的排泄。在《诗学》中,亚里士多德用其描述悲剧给人的精神带来的影响。他认为悲剧可以唤起观演者心中悲悯和畏惧的情感,使他们在观演过程中得到畅快的宣泄,以便更好地投入到日常活动中,这将有利于保持公民的身心健康。在心理学领域,尤其是在弗洛伊德式的心理分析中,宣泄是一种唤醒和重新经历隐蔽情感的疗法,它发挥着重要作用。而在网络发达的今天,有不少人把社交分享看作是宣泄情绪、寻求自我平衡的手段。

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