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由于Mysql已被Oracle收购，CentOS7默认可以安装MarialDB 5.5.2，如果要安装最新的版本，需要自己设置安装源，本文主要针对默认版本。
su -
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
yum remove mysql mysql-server mysql-libs compat-mysql51
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-*
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
# MariaDB 10.1 CentOS repository list - created 2017-02-15 20:31 UTC
# http://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
yum -y install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
安装
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
#安装完成MariaDB，首先启动MariaDB
systemctl start mariadb
#设置开机启动
systemctl enable mariadb
#接下来进行MariaDB的相关简单配置
mysql_secure_installation
#首先是设置密码，会提示先输入密码
Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次运行直接回车
#设置密码
Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否设置root用户密码，输入Y并回车或直接回车
New password: <– 设置root用户的密码
Re-enter new password: <– 再输入一次你设置的密码
其他配置
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，输入Y并回车
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,输入n并回车,
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，回车
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，回车
#初始化MariaDB完成，接下来测试登录
mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -p
完成。
配置MariaDB的字符集
#文件/etc/my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
#在[mysqld]标签下添加
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
#文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
#在[client]中添加
default-character-set=utf8
#文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
#在[mysql]中添加
default-character-set=utf8
#全部配置完成，重启mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb
#进入MariaDB查看字符集
mysql> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> select version();
+----------------+
| version() |
+----------------+
| 5.5.52-MariaDB |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
添加用户，设置权限
#创建用户命令
mysql>create user username@localhost identified by 'password';
#直接创建用户并授权的命令
mysql>grant all on *.* to username@localhost indentified by 'password';
#授予外网登陆权限
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'%' identified by 'password';
#授予权限并且可以授权
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;
#简单的用户和权限配置基本就这样了。
#其中只授予部分权限把 其中 all privileges或者all改为select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file其中一部分。
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