美文网首页
Spring Cloud:Eureka的多网卡IP选择问题

Spring Cloud:Eureka的多网卡IP选择问题

作者: MeazZa | 来源:发表于2018-05-04 16:53 被阅读0次

    问题概述

    本文主要为了解决,在使用Docker部署Spring Boot应用,Spring Boot在向Eureka注册时,如何配置正确IP的问题。

    解决方案配置

    先把最终解决方案的配置贴出来:

    • Gitlab Runners,该机器的网卡和IP信息如下。可以看到本机eth0网卡的IP为10.16.180.7,docker0网卡的IP为172.17.0.1
    docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
            ether 02:42:50:e1:74:da  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 114151657  bytes 17800379440 (16.5 GiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 217089263  bytes 288568000281 (268.7 GiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    docker_gwbridge: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 172.18.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
            ether 02:42:99:31:8f:ad  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 182761  bytes 11494613 (10.9 MiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 139451  bytes 9795778 (9.3 MiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 10.16.180.7  netmask 255.255.240.0  broadcast 10.16.191.255
            ether fa:16:3e:0e:3d:fd  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 442851873  bytes 307687290719 (286.5 GiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 356404292  bytes 51936607569 (48.3 GiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
            inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
            loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
            RX packets 649114  bytes 47094870 (44.9 MiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 649114  bytes 47094870 (44.9 MiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    veth0133ad0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            ether 96:6f:6d:89:29:7b  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 945694  bytes 2541883907 (2.3 GiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 1978551  bytes 2484265627 (2.3 GiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    ...
    

    在注册Gitlab Runner时,Description填上该机器的IP地址:10.16.180.7

    Gitlab Runner配置
    • 采用Gitlab CI发布Spring Boot应用,.gitlab-ci.yml文件如下:
    image: docker-registry.qiyi.virtual/ads-bi/docker:dind
    stages:
      - build
      - deploy
    
    cache:
      paths:
        - .m2
    
    job-build:
      image: docker-registry.qiyi.virtual/ads-bi/maven:3.5-jdk-8-slim
      tags:
        - test-env
      stage: build
      script:
        - source ~/.bashrc && mvn -Dmaven.repo.local=.m2 -Duser.timezone=GMT+08 clean install test sonar:sonar
      artifacts:
        name: "$CI_PROJECT_NAME"
        paths:
          - target/*.jar
    
    job-deploy:
      image: docker-registry.qiyi.virtual/ads-bi/docker:dind
      environment: production
      tags:
        - test-env
      stage: deploy
      before_script:
        - SERVER_PORT=`awk -v min=10000 -v max=20000 'BEGIN{srand(); print int(min+rand()*(max-min+1))}'`
      script:
        - docker build -t docker-registry.qiyi.virtual/ads-bi/${CI_PROJECT_NAME}:prod
            --build-arg spring_profiles_active=prod
            --build-arg server_port=${SERVER_PORT}
            --build-arg spring_application_name=${CI_PROJECT_NAME}
            --build-arg ip_address=${CI_RUNNER_DESCRIPTION}
            .
        - docker push docker-registry.qiyi.virtual/ads-bi/${CI_PROJECT_NAME}:prod
        - sh ./scripts/start_job.sh ${CI_PROJECT_NAME} prod ${SERVER_PORT}
        - docker rmi --force $(docker images | grep " <none>" | awk '{print $3}') || true
    
    • Spring Boot的启动shell脚本
    #! /bin/bash
    CI_PROJECT_NAME=$1
    ENV=$2
    SERVER_PORT=$3
    TIMESTAMP=`date +%s`
    CID=`docker ps | grep ${CI_PROJECT_NAME} | awk '{print $1}'`
    if [ ! -z ${CID} ]; then
       docker stop ${CID} | xargs docker rm
    fi
    docker run -d -p ${SERVER_PORT}:${SERVER_PORT} -v /var/log:/var/log --name ${CI_PROJECT_NAME}-${TIMESTAMP} docker-registry.qiyi.virtual/ads-bi/${CI_PROJECT_NAME}:${ENV}
    
    
    • Dockerfile
    FROM docker-registry.qiyi.virtual/ads-bi/maven:3.5-jdk-8-slim
    VOLUME /tmp
    ADD target/*.jar /app.jar
    ARG spring_profiles_active
    ARG server_port
    ARG spring_application_name
    ARG ip_address
    ENV SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE=${spring_profiles_active}
    ENV SERVER_PORT=${server_port}
    ENV SPRING_APPLICATION_NAME=${spring_application_name}
    ENV EUREKA_INSTANCE_IP-ADDRESS=${ip_address}
    ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar", "/app.jar"]
    

    详细解读

    这里需要先介绍一下我们面临的环境。首先,我们配置了一个Gitlab的Specific Runner,作为Spring Boot构建的实际机器。在这台机器上,需要安装Docker环境,那么这台机器就有了至少两个IP地址,分别为:

    • 本机网卡eth0,ip地址为10.16.180.7
    • Docker网卡docker0,ip地址为172.17.0.1

    这里我们最终想在Eureka中注册的地址,是本机网卡的地址
    因为Spring Cloud Admin是通过Eureka中注册的地址,来判断Spring Boot应用是否健康的,如果注册使用的是docker0的地址,这个地址并不能通过http访问,Spring Cloud Admin会认为该应用是Down的,虽然它实际的状态是UP的。

    在网上,我们能找到不少介绍Spring Cloud Eureka的多网卡选择的文章,例如这篇文章介绍的就很好:
    https://blog.csdn.net/xichenguan/article/details/76632033

    这里提到了几个重要的Spring Cloud配置:

    • eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address: true/false
    • spring.cloud.inetutils.preferred-networks: list<ip>
    • spring.cloud.inetutils.ignored-interfaces: list<ip>

    关于这几个配置项的含义,可以参考Spring Cloud的官方文档,介绍的更加准确:
    https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud.html#ignore-network-interfaces

    这几个配置的目的,就是Spring Boot在启动时,会在多网卡的环境,根据配置项的信息,进行网卡的选择。找到这里,我们认为可能通过这项配置就可以选择到想要的ip地址了。

    但实际并不是这样的,在经过无数次的尝试之后,我们发现在Eureka中每次注册的ip地址始终都是:


    image.png

    这个问题我们使用百思不得其解,在翻看这部分的源码时,我们发现Spring Boot使用的是InetUtils类进行ip选择的。这部分的源码在遍历每个可用的网络之后,结合我们配置的preferred和ignored信息,选择index最小的这个ip作为最终的返回ip。

    public InetAddress findFirstNonLoopbackAddress() {
        InetAddress result = null;
        try {
            int lowest = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
            for (Enumeration < NetworkInterface > nics = NetworkInterface
                .getNetworkInterfaces(); nics.hasMoreElements();) {
                NetworkInterface ifc = nics.nextElement();
                if (ifc.isUp()) {
                    log.trace("Testing interface: " + ifc.getDisplayName());
                    if (ifc.getIndex() < lowest || result == null) {
                        lowest = ifc.getIndex();
                    } else if (result != null) {
                        continue;
                    }
    
                    // @formatter:off
                    if (!ignoreInterface(ifc.getDisplayName())) {
                        for (Enumeration < InetAddress > addrs = ifc
                            .getInetAddresses(); addrs.hasMoreElements();) {
                            InetAddress address = addrs.nextElement();
                            if (address instanceof Inet4Address &&
                                !address.isLoopbackAddress() &&
                                !ignoreAddress(address)) {
                                log.trace("Found non-loopback interface: " +
                                    ifc.getDisplayName());
                                result = address;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    // @formatter:on
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            log.error("Cannot get first non-loopback address", ex);
        }
    
        if (result != null) {
            return result;
        }
    
        try {
            return InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            log.warn("Unable to retrieve localhost");
        }
    
        return null;
    }
    

    这里我们发现,可以通过调整log的打印等级,将选择过程中trace等级的日志打印出来。在调整之后,查看服务器端这部分的日志如下:

    2018-05-04 06:43:00.610 [main] DEBUG org.elasticsearch.common.network -configuration:
    
    lo
            inet 127.0.0.1 netmask:255.0.0.0 scope:host
            inet6 ::1 prefixlen:128 scope:host
            UP LOOPBACK mtu:65536 index:1
    
    eth0
            inet 172.17.0.5 netmask:255.255.0.0 broadcast:0.0.0.0 scope:site
            inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:3 prefixlen:64 scope:link
            hardware 02:42:AC:11:00:03
            UP MULTICAST mtu:1500 index:4899
    
    ...
    2018-05-04 06:43:02.332 [main] TRACE org.springframework.cloud.commons.util.InetUtils -Testing interface: eth0
    2018-05-04 06:43:02.332 [main] TRACE org.springframework.cloud.commons.util.InetUtils -Found non-loopback interface: eth0
    2018-05-04 06:43:02.332 [main] TRACE org.springframework.cloud.commons.util.InetUtils -Testing interface: lo
    

    这时我们才明白,原来我们采用的是dind的这个image,进行Spring Boot Application Docker镜像的生成,发布和启动。那么在构建时,会生成一个dind的container,这个container的网卡信息如上所示。所以我们配置时,所有可选的网卡并不属于Gitlab Runner这台机器,而是Docker container的,那么之前关于多网卡的配置无论如何都是无用的了。

    在发现问题的原因之后,我们发现这里需要做的,是把Docker所在的主机的网卡ip信息,传递到container中。由于这两个环境是隔离的,所以并不现实

    那么最终如何才能把Docker所在主机的ip,顺利的传递到container中呢,我们利用了Gitlab Runner注册时填写的信息。我们在Gitlab Runner注册时,将该机器的ip,填写到Description中。在.gitlab-ci.yml中,可以利用内置参数${CI_RUNNER_DESCRIPTION},将此ip传递到Dockerfile中。在Dockerfile中,通过设置系统环境变量的方式,使Spring Boot获取到这个环境变量。

    2018-05-04 06:37:34.611 [main] TRACE o.s.core.env.PropertySourcesPropertyResolver -Searching for key 'eureka.instance.ip-address' in PropertySource 'servletConfigInitParams'
    2018-05-04 06:37:34.611 [main] TRACE o.s.core.env.PropertySourcesPropertyResolver -Searching for key 'eureka.instance.ip-address' in PropertySource 'servletContextInitParams'
    2018-05-04 06:37:34.611 [main] TRACE o.s.core.env.PropertySourcesPropertyResolver -Searching for key 'eureka.instance.ip-address' in PropertySource 'systemProperties'
    2018-05-04 06:37:34.611 [main] TRACE o.s.core.env.PropertySourcesPropertyResolver -Searching for key 'eureka.instance.ip-address' in PropertySource 'systemEnvironment'
    2018-05-04 06:37:34.611 [main] DEBUG o.s.core.env.SystemEnvironmentPropertySource -PropertySource 'systemEnvironment' does not contain property 'eureka.instance.ip-address', but found equivalent 'EUREKA_INSTANCE_IP-ADDRESS'
    2018-05-04 06:37:34.611 [main] DEBUG o.s.core.env.PropertySourcesPropertyResolver -Found key 'eureka.instance.ip-address' in PropertySource 'systemEnvironment' with value of type String
    

    这样就实现了Spring Boot的ip指定,在Eureka中注册的我们想要的Gitlab Runner主机ip,最终结果图如下:
    Spring Cloud Eureka:


    Spring Cloud Eureka
    Spring Cloud Eureka URL

    Spring Cloud Admin:


    Spring Cloud Admin

    启示

    • 使用Docker部署应用时,需要理清楚各个环境之间的关系
    • 在遇到难解的问题,通过查看源码,并且分析打印日志的方式,定位问题原因

    相关文章

      网友评论

          本文标题:Spring Cloud:Eureka的多网卡IP选择问题

          本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/iawdrftx.html