Level 6 - Unit 1 - Part 2 Listen

When we talk about experience or results, we use the present perfect form. This form uses "have" followed by the participle. For regular verbs, this participle is identical to the past tense form.
当我们谈论经历或结果时，我们使用完成式。该时态使用“have”+分词。对于规则动词来说，分词和过去式一样。

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For irregular verbs, this participle is often different.
对于不规则动词，分词通常不同。

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When we use the perfect form, the primary focus is on the subject of the sentences, not the verb. It emphasizes condition, experience or results rather than actions or events.
当我们使用完成式时，主要关注句子的主语，而非动词。它强调状况、经历或结果，而不是动作或事件。

In these two examples, we see the contrast.
下面两个例子，我们作一下比较。

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The top sentence gives the condition or state of the subject and the bottom sentence expresses an event. The top sentence describes the condition of the subject of the sentence, she, rather than an event. The fact that she has left the hotel is now a part of her experience, or state of being. The bottom sentence expresses the action, or event: "she left," which is something she did. In general, the past tense form expresses events or acts, and the perfect form expresses experience or conditions. When we use the perfect form of the verb we focus on the state of the subject and not an action or event. Note that the past form expresses events at specific points or periods of time, such as last year or the past five years.
上一句表示主语的状况或状态，下一句表示事件。上一句描述的是句子主语she的情况，而非事件。事实上，她已经离开了酒店，这是她经历的一部分，或者说是状态。下一句表示行为或事件：“she left,”（她离开了）这是她做过的事情。通常，过去式表示事件或行为，完成式表示经历或状况。当我们使用动词的完成式时，我们关注的是主语的状态，而非动作或事件。注意，过去式表示特定时间点或时间段的事件，例如去年或过去五年。

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These events are distanced from the speaker's point of view. The perfect form expresses the state of something from the speaker's point of view, not distanced in time.
从说话者的视角看，这些事件已过去很久。而完成式则从说话者的角度表达某事物的状态，和时间上的距离无关。

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These two sentences are incorrect and confusing, because they give two different points of view.
下面两句话有错，容易混肴，因为它们给出了两种不同的视角。

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Here are some sentences that use the perfect form.
下面是一些使用完成式的句子。

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Some are simple, such as the first one, and some are complex, like the last one. The last one is complex because it combines many verb forms, including the passive.
有些很简单，比如第一句，有些很复杂，比如最后一句。最后一句复杂是因为它组合了多种动词形式，包括被动语态。