二、后元音
后元音 6个 ： / u / / u :/ / ɔ / / ɔ: / / Λ / / a: /
/Λ/ / a: /
1、揭示音标发音奥妙；
/Λ/
1、舌中部向硬颚抬起，不要接触到硬颚
2、舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,双唇向两旁平展
5、/ʌ/和汉语中的"啊"很相似，但相比之下/ʌ/的开口程度小些，发音更急促。
/ a: /
1、发[ɑː]音时，张大嘴吧
2、舌身后缩，舌尖远离下齿
3、[ɑː]是长元音，发音时要稍长一些，类比乌鸦叫~啊哈
2、发音组合拼单词；
/Λ/ o u(字母)
/ a:/ al ar
单词举例：
/Λ/ love but some begun(begin began begun) drug hurry up
/ a:/: half calm far army star
3、练习常用俚语短句
car park 停车场
Hurry up!
Well begun is half done好的开始是成功的一半
4、加强嘴巴的肌肉的记忆；
In the dark,dark room,there's a dark,dark cupboard.
黑黑的房间里有一个黑黑的柜子。
In the dark,dark cupboard,there's a dark,dark shelf.
黑黑的柜子里有一个黑黑的架子。
5、生活场景中的应用
Phillip: P Security:S
P:Excuse me. Where can I park my car?
S: There is a car park near here.
P: Is it far?
S: Nope. Just drive along this road and you will see it on your left.
P:Cheers.
S: My pleasure.
三、摩擦辅音
[f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð] [ʃ] [ʒ] [h] [r]
[f]
1、下唇轻触上齿
2、气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，引起摩擦
3、发音时声带不震动
4、这个音标发音的关键就在于上齿要咬住下唇，否则发出的音一定是不准确的。
。
[v]
1、/v/和/f/的主音相同，发音时两音口型基本相同，下唇轻触上齿
2、气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，引起摩擦
3、发音时，声带震动。发音时不要忽略声带震动。
4、另外要注意上齿与下唇的咬合，气流通过唇齿间，不要发成/w/的音。
2、发音组合拼单词；
[f] f ff ph
[v] v
单词举例：
/f/：foot/feet fat/chubby offer Phillip photo physics
/v/ :wave have dove leave leaf/leaves half/halves
3、练习常用俚语短句
Give me five! Have fun!
4、加强嘴巴的肌肉的记忆；
Good, better, best.
Never have a rest.
.5、生活场景中的应用
Phillip: P Snow: S
P: What did you do during the Spring Festival?
S: I went to Harbin for skiing.
P: Did you have fun there?
S: Oh yes! Everything is just perfect!
[s]
1、发音时气流由舌端与齿龈之间的窄缝中泄出
2、然后，气流通过时发出可听擦音，即气流泻出时伴有嘶嘶声
3、同时/s/时个轻辅音，发音时，声带不震动。
[z]
1、/z/与/s/的主音相同，所以发音时口型与/s/也基本相同
2、发音时，气流由舌端与齿龈之间的窄缝中泄出
3、最重要的是，发音时，声带震动。
4、注意不是“资”！
2、发音组合拼单词；
[s] s ss c
[z] z zz se
单词举例：
/s/：said sad seven seventeen seventy snow Snow
sing sang sung sang
/z/ :zoo zebra jazz pizza nose loser because
as..as…
3、练习常用俚语短句
as soon as…一。。。就。。。
as soon as possible(asap)尽快
4、加强嘴巴的肌肉的记忆；If you talk like a loser, you’ll end up losing.
如果你像个失败者一样说话，你最终将失败。
.5、生活场景中的应用
Dear Sir/Madam:
Hope you are well.
I am writing to you because there is something wrong with my heater. As it is now getting colder and colder, I would be most grateful if you would send an engineer to fix the heating system in my room as soon as possible.
All the best
Phillip and Snow
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