Springboot集成RabbitMQ

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35387940/article/details/100514134

1、说明

Springboot集成RabbitMQ实践，使用的Springboot 2.4.5

2、集成过程

2.1 消息发送方（provider端）

• 引入mq集成包pom.xml

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<!--··省略部分依赖包·-->
<!--amqp-->
<dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

• properties文件配置

# 端口号
server.port=8000
#  应用名称 --mq生产端
spring.application.name=rabbitmq-provider

# rabbitMq 配置
# host
spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
# 中间件端口号
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
#用户名，默认guest
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
#密码，默认guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

• 配置队列

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class DirectRabbitConfig {
    //队列 起名：TestDirectQueue
    @Bean
    public Queue TestDirectQueue() {
        // durable:是否持久化,默认是false,持久化队列：会被存储在磁盘上，当消息代理重启时仍然存在，暂存队列：当前连接有效
        // exclusive:默认也是false，只能被当前创建的连接使用，而且当连接关闭后队列即被删除。此参考优先级高于durable
        // autoDelete:是否自动删除，当没有生产者或者消费者使用此队列，该队列会自动删除。
        //   return new Queue("TestDirectQueue",true,true,false);

        //一般设置一下队列的持久化就好,其余两个就是默认false
        return new Queue("TestDirectQueue",true);
    }

    //Direct交换机 起名：TestDirectExchange
    @Bean
    DirectExchange TestDirectExchange() {
        //  return new DirectExchange("TestDirectExchange",true,true);
        return new DirectExchange("TestDirectExchange",true,false);
    }

    //绑定  将队列和交换机绑定, 并设置用于匹配键：TestDirectRouting
    @Bean
    Binding bindingDirect() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(TestDirectQueue()).to(TestDirectExchange()).with("TestDirectRouting");
    }

    @Bean
    DirectExchange lonelyDirectExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange("lonelyDirectExchange");
    }

• 发送消息

package com.lsy.mqprovider.controller;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/rabbitmq")
public class SendMessageController {

    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;  //使用RabbitTemplate,这提供了接收/发送等等方法

    @GetMapping("/sendDirectMessage")
    public String sendDirectMessage() {
        String messageId = String.valueOf(UUID.randomUUID());
        String messageData = "test message, hello!";
        String createTime = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
        map.put("messageId",messageId);
        map.put("messageData",messageData);
        map.put("createTime",createTime);
        //将消息携带绑定键值：TestDirectRouting 发送到交换机TestDirectExchange
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("TestDirectExchange", "TestDirectRouting", map);
        return "ok";
    }
}

• postman测试发送消息

  
  image.png

• 浏览器队列中查看：localhost:15672
  

  image.png

2.2 消息消费端（Consumer端）

• pom.xml、 properties 配置同provider 一致
• 增加监听:@RabbitListener(queues = "TestDirectQueue")

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "TestDirectQueue")//监听的队列名称 TestDirectQueue
public class DirectReceiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(Map testMessage) {
        System.out.println("DirectReceiver消费者收到消息  : " + testMessage.toString());
    }
}

-启动运行

2021-05-27 14:05:46.374  INFO 51719 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.a.r.c.CachingConnectionFactory       : Created new connection: rabbitConnectionFactory#190c2e67:0/SimpleConnection@33e1c306 [delegate=amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/, localPort= 61468]
2021-05-27 14:05:46.498  INFO 51719 --- [  restartedMain] com.lsy.rocketmq.RocketMqApplication     : Started RocketMqApplication in 2.351 seconds (JVM running for 3.918)
DirectReceiver消费者收到消息  : {createTime=2021-05-27 13:56:47, messageId=355fd887-1617-4fae-8604-a7c637a1afb0, messageData=test message, hello!}

总结：

以上只是简单将RabbitMQ与Springboot 集成实用起来，感受一下Springboot如何应用MQ消息中间件的。更多知识需要系统学习RabbitMQ 知识。