1、简介
广播的发送者将广播发送到ActivityManagerService，ActivityManagerService接收到这个广播以后，就会在自己的注册中心查看有哪些广播接收器订阅了该广播，然后把这个广播逐一发送到这些广播接收器中，但是ActivityManagerService并不等待广播接收器处理这些广播就返回了，因此，广播的发送和处理是异步的。广播的发送路径就是从发送者到ActivityManagerService，再从ActivityManagerService 到接收者，这中间的两个过程都是通过Binder进程间通信机制来完成的。
image.png
2、源码分析：
step1、先从调用的地方开始：Activity 中调用sendBroadcast方法，再调用ContextImpl 的sendBroadcast
@Override
public void sendBroadcast(Intent intent) {
warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
String resolvedType = intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(getContentResolver());
try {
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(this);
ActivityManager.getService().broadcastIntent(
mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), intent, resolvedType, null,
Activity.RESULT_OK, null, null, null, AppOpsManager.OP_NONE, null, false, false,
getUserId());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
}
ActivityManager.getService()获取AMS 调用broadcastIntent 方法
final int broadcastIntentLocked(ProcessRecord callerApp,
String callerPackage, Intent intent, String resolvedType,
IIntentReceiver resultTo, int resultCode, String resultData,
Bundle resultExtras, String[] requiredPermissions, int appOp, Bundle bOptions,
boolean ordered, boolean sticky, int callingPid, int callingUid, int userId) {
intent = new Intent(intent);
........
// Figure out who all will receive this broadcast.
List receivers = null;
List<BroadcastFilter> registeredReceivers = null;
if (intent.getComponent() == null) {
} else {
registeredReceivers = mReceiverResolver.queryIntent(intent,resolvedType, false
/*defaultOnly*/, userId);//
}
}
..........
final boolean replacePending =
(intent.getFlags()&Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING) != 0;
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(TAG_BROADCAST, "Enqueueing broadcast: " + intent.getAction()
+ " replacePending=" + replacePending);
int NR = registeredReceivers != null ? registeredReceivers.size() : 0;
// Merge into one list.
int ir = 0;
if (receivers != null) {
// A special case for PACKAGE_ADDED: do not allow the package
// being added to see this broadcast. This prevents them from
// using this as a back door to get run as soon as they are
// installed. Maybe in the future we want to have a special install
// broadcast or such for apps, but we'd like to deliberately make
// this decision.
String skipPackages[] = null;
if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(intent.getAction())
|| Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_RESTARTED.equals(intent.getAction())
|| Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_DATA_CLEARED.equals(intent.getAction())) {
Uri data = intent.getData();
if (data != null) {
String pkgName = data.getSchemeSpecificPart();
if (pkgName != null) {
skipPackages = new String[] { pkgName };
}
}
} else if (Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_AVAILABLE.equals(intent.getAction())) {
skipPackages = intent.getStringArrayExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CHANGED_PACKAGE_LIST);
}
if (skipPackages != null && (skipPackages.length > 0)) {
for (String skipPackage : skipPackages) {
if (skipPackage != null) {
int NT = receivers.size();
for (int it=0; it<NT; it++) {
ResolveInfo curt = (ResolveInfo)receivers.get(it);
if (curt.activityInfo.packageName.equals(skipPackage)) {
receivers.remove(it);
it--;
NT--;
}
}
}
}
}
int NT = receivers != null ? receivers.size() : 0;
int it = 0;
ResolveInfo curt = null;
BroadcastFilter curr = null;
while (it < NT && ir < NR) {
if (curt == null) {
curt = (ResolveInfo)receivers.get(it);
}
if (curr == null) {
curr = registeredReceivers.get(ir);
}
if (curr.getPriority() >= curt.priority) {
// Insert this broadcast record into the final list.
receivers.add(it, curr);
ir++;
curr = null;
it++;
NT++;
} else {
// Skip to the next ResolveInfo in the final list.
it++;
curt = null;
}
}
}
while (ir < NR) {
if (receivers == null) {
receivers = new ArrayList();
}
receivers.add(registeredReceivers.get(ir));
ir++;
}
if (isCallerSystem) {
checkBroadcastFromSystem(intent, callerApp, callerPackage, callingUid,
isProtectedBroadcast, receivers);
}
if ((receivers != null && receivers.size() > 0)
|| resultTo != null) {
BroadcastQueue queue = broadcastQueueForIntent(intent);
BroadcastRecord r = new BroadcastRecord(queue, intent, callerApp,
callerPackage, callingPid, callingUid, callerInstantApp, resolvedType,
requiredPermissions, appOp, brOptions, receivers, resultTo, resultCode,
resultData, resultExtras, ordered, sticky, false, userId);
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(TAG_BROADCAST, "Enqueueing ordered broadcast " + r
+ ": prev had " + queue.mOrderedBroadcasts.size());
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.i(TAG_BROADCAST,
"Enqueueing broadcast " + r.intent.getAction());
final BroadcastRecord oldRecord =
replacePending ? queue.replaceOrderedBroadcastLocked(r) : null;
if (oldRecord != null) {
// Replaced, fire the result-to receiver.
if (oldRecord.resultTo != null) {
final BroadcastQueue oldQueue = broadcastQueueForIntent(oldRecord.intent);
try {
oldQueue.performReceiveLocked(oldRecord.callerApp, oldRecord.resultTo,
oldRecord.intent,
Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null, null,
false, false, oldRecord.userId);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Failure ["
+ queue.mQueueName + "] sending broadcast result of "
+ intent, e);
}
}
} else {
queue.enqueueOrderedBroadcastLocked(r);
queue.scheduleBroadcastsLocked();
}
} else {
// There was nobody interested in the broadcast, but we still want to record
// that it happened.
if (intent.getComponent() == null && intent.getPackage() == null
&& (intent.getFlags()&Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY) == 0) {
// This was an implicit broadcast... let's record it for posterity.
addBroadcastStatLocked(intent.getAction(), callerPackage, 0, 0, 0);
}
}
return ActivityManager.BROADCAST_SUCCESS;
}
解读一下：1、这里就通过mReceiverResolver.queryIntent函数将这个BroadcastFilter实例取回来。由于注册一个广播类型的接收器可能有多个，所以这里把所有符合条件的的BroadcastFilter实例放在一个List中，然后返回来。在我们这个场景中，这个List就只有一个BroadcastFilter实例。
2、final boolean replacePending = (intent.getFlags()&Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING) != 0;对这个方法是这里是查看一下这个intent的Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING位有没有设置，如果设置了的话，ActivityManagerService就会在当前的系统中查看有没有相同的intent还未被处理，如果有的话，就有当前这个新的intent来替换旧的intent。这里，我们没有设置intent的Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING位，因此，这里的replacePending变量为false
3、最后会调用 queue.enqueueOrderedBroadcastLocked(r);
queue.scheduleBroadcastsLocked();这个queue是BroadcastQueue类。将BroadcastRecord 加入到队列中。
4、看看scheduleBroadcastsLocked方法。
public void scheduleBroadcastsLocked() {
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(TAG_BROADCAST, "Schedule broadcasts ["
+ mQueueName + "]: current="
+ mBroadcastsScheduled);
if (mBroadcastsScheduled) {
return;
}
mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(BROADCAST_INTENT_MSG, this));
mBroadcastsScheduled = true;
}
private final class BroadcastHandler extends Handler {
public BroadcastHandler(Looper looper) {
super(looper, null, true);
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case BROADCAST_INTENT_MSG: {
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(
TAG_BROADCAST, "Received BROADCAST_INTENT_MSG");
processNextBroadcast(true);
} break;
case BROADCAST_TIMEOUT_MSG: {
synchronized (mService) {
broadcastTimeoutLocked(true);
}
} break;
}
}
}
然后调用processNextBroadcast 来send 广播消息，具体看这个方法
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative
implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback {
......
private final void processNextBroadcast(boolean fromMsg) {
synchronized(this) {
BroadcastRecord r;
......
if (fromMsg) {
mBroadcastsScheduled = false;
}
// First, deliver any non-serialized broadcasts right away.
while (mParallelBroadcasts.size() > 0) {
r = mParallelBroadcasts.remove(0);
......
final int N = r.receivers.size();
......
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
Object target = r.receivers.get(i);
......
deliverToRegisteredReceiverLocked(r, (BroadcastFilter)target, false);
}
addBroadcastToHistoryLocked(r);
......
}
......
}
}
......
}
这里传进来的参数fromMsg为true，于是把mBroadcastScheduled重新设为false，这样，下一个广播就能进入到消息队列中进行处理了。前面我们在Step 5中，把一个广播记录块BroadcastRecord放在了mParallelBroadcasts中，因此，这里就把它取出来进行处理了。广播记录块BroadcastRecord的receivers列表中包含了要接收这个广播的目标列表，即前面我们注册的广播接收器，用BroadcastFilter来表示，这里while循环中的for循环就是把这个广播发送给每一个订阅了该广播的接收器了，通过deliverToRegisteredReceiverLocked函数执行。
image.png
然后调用performReceiveLocked方法，当看到截图中的scheduleRegisteredReceiver，回到ActivityThread中
image.png
在上一节我分享过这个receiver.performReceive，这个receiver实际上是LoadedApk.ReceiverDispatcher
image.png
然后调用LoadedApk.ReceiverDispatcher.中performReceive方法
1
图中截图就是收到消息地方
public final Runnable getRunnable() {
return () -> {
final BroadcastReceiver receiver = mReceiver;
final boolean ordered = mOrdered;
.........
try {
ClassLoader cl = mReceiver.getClass().getClassLoader();
intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
receiver.setPendingResult(this);
//回调接收消息的地方
receiver.onReceive(mContext, intent);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (mRegistered && ordered) {
if (ActivityThread.DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.i(ActivityThread.TAG,
"Finishing failed broadcast to " + mReceiver);
sendFinished(mgr);
}
if (mInstrumentation == null ||
!mInstrumentation.onException(mReceiver, e)) {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
throw new RuntimeException(
"Error receiving broadcast " + intent
+ " in " + mReceiver, e);
}
}
if (receiver.getPendingResult() != null) {
finish();
}
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
};
}
到此处消息发送到接收完成
最后，我们总结一下这个Android应用程序发送广播的过程：
1. ，计数器服务CounterService通过sendBroadcast把一个广播通过Binder进程间通信机制发送给ActivityManagerService，ActivityManagerService根据这个广播的Action类型找到相应的广播接收器，然后把这个广播放进自己的消息队列中去，就完成第一阶段对这个广播的异步分发了；
2. ，ActivityManagerService在消息循环中处理这个广播，并通过Binder进程间通信机制把这个广播分发给注册的广播接收分发器ReceiverDispatcher，ReceiverDispatcher把这个广播放进MainActivity所在的线程的消息队列中去，就完成第二阶段对这个广播的异步分发了；
3. ， ReceiverDispatcher的内部类Args在MainActivity所在的线程消息循环中处理这个广播，最终是将这个广播分发给所注册的BroadcastReceiver实例的onReceive函数进行处理。
作者：罗升阳
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/luoshengyang/article/details/6744448
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
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