练习材料：

There are even stories of half-trained elephant calves who have refused to feed and pined to death when by some unavoidable circumstance they have been deprived of their own trainer. Such extreme cases must probably be taken with a grain of salt, but they do underline the general principle that the relationship between elephant and mahout is the key to successful training.

The most economical age to capture an elephant for training is between fifteen and twenty years, for it is then almost ready to undertake heavy work and can begin to earn its keep straight away. But animals of this age do not easily become subservient to man, and a very firm hand must be employed in the early stages.

/ðɛr/ /ɑr/ /ˈivɪn/ /ˈstɔriz/ /ʌv/ /hæf/-/treɪnd/ /'ɛləfənt/ /kævz/ /hu/ /hæv/ /rəˈfjuzd/ /tu/ /fid/ /ænd/ /paɪnd/ /tu/ /dɛθ/ /wɛn/ /baɪ/ /sʌm/ /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbəl/ /ˈsɜrkəmˌstæns/ /ðeɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /dɪˈpraɪvd/ /ʌv/ /ðɛr/ /oʊn/ /ˈtreɪnər/. /sʌʧ/ /ɛkˈstrim/ /ˈkeɪsəz/ /mʌst/ /ˈprɑbəbli/ /bi/ /ˈteɪkən/ /wɪð/ /ə/ /greɪn/ /ʌv/ /sɔlt/, /bʌt/ /ðeɪ/ /du/ /ˈʌndərˌlaɪn/ /ðə/ /ˈʤɛnərəl/ /ˈprɪnsəpəl/ /ðæt/ /ðə/ /riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp/ /bɪˈtwin/ /ˈɛləfənt/ /ænd/ /mə'hɑʊt/ /ɪz/ /ðə/ /ki/ /tu/ /səkˈsɛsfəl/ /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/.

/ðə/ /moʊst/ /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪkəl/ /eɪʤ/ /tu/ /ˈkæpʧər/ /ən/ /ˈɛləfənt/ /fɔr/ /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ /ɪz/ /bɪˈtwin/ /fɪfˈtin/ /ænd/ /ˈtwɛnti/ /jɪrz/, /fɔr/ /ɪt/ /ɪz/ /ðɛn/ /ˈɔlˌmoʊst/ /ˈrɛdi/ /tu/ /ˈʌndərˌteɪk/ /ˈhɛvi/ /wɜrk/ /ænd/ /kæn/ /bɪˈgɪn/ /tu/ /ɜrn/ /ɪts/ /kip/ /streɪt/ /əˈweɪ/. /bʌt/ /ˈænəməlz/ /ʌv/ /ðɪs/ /eɪʤ/ /du/ /nɑt/ /ˈizəli/ /bɪˈkʌm/ /səbˈsɜrviənt/ /tu/ /mən/, /ænd/ /ə/ /ˈvɛri/ /fɜrm/ /hænd/ /mʌst/ /bi/ /ɛmˈplɔɪd/ /ɪn/ /ði/ /ˈɜrli/ /'steɪʤəz/.

任务配置：L0+L1+L4

知识笔记：

1.朗读（L0）：

*half-trained elephant calves训练到一半的小象

*pine to death 憔悴至死

*be deprived of 丧失

*extreme adj.极端的

*take with a grain of salt不可全信，半信半疑

*underline v.强调

*general principle 基本原则

*the most economical 最经济的

*for conj.表解释的原因

*undertake heavy work 干重活

*straight away=immediately

*subservient adj.驯服的

*a very firm hand 强有力的老手

*must be employed 需要

*unavoidable circumstance 不可避免的情况

2.音标（L1）：

*/k/:

circumstance,extreme,cases,taken,successful,economical,capture

*发音技巧：

发此音时，双唇微开，舌后根往上翘起并抵住口腔上方的软腭部分，把气憋住，然后将气稍稍用力将舌弹开，使气流从口冲出，不振动声带。

练习感悟：

1./k/这个音和/g/的发音规律也很像，唯一的区别是，/k/不振动声带。同样，它在尾音时，也可憋气，不用读出声音。要想让自己的发音更加贴近原声，也要多注意这个不读出声音的地方。