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听力

Listening

States of Matter

物质状态

Matter is made of atoms and molecules.

物质是由原子和分子组成的。

Water, for example, is the H2O molecule.

例如，水就是水分子。

This means that a molecule of water has 3 atoms.

这意味着一个水分子有3个原子。

A water molecule has 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

水分子有两个氢原子和一个氧原子。

Substances like sugar have many atoms in their molecules.

像糖这样的物质分子中有许多原子。

A molecule of sugar has many atoms, including carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

糖分子有许多原子，包括碳、氢和氧。

Matter is made of molecules, such as H2O, which is the water molecule.

物质是由分子组成的，例如水分子。

Matter can be in one of three states: solid, liquid or gas.

物质可以是三种状态之一：固体、液体或气体。

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Water and ice are the same substance, but they are in different states.

水和冰是相同的物质，但它们处于不同的状态。

These states depend on the temperature of the molecules.

这些状态取决于分子的温度。

When we heat a substance, the molecules move faster and try to take up more space.

当我们加热物质时，分子移动得更快，并试图占据更多的空间。

When we cool a substance, the molecules move more slowly.

当我们冷却物质时，分子移动得更慢。

When we cool a substance to its freezing point, it becomes a solid.

当我们把物质冷却到冰点时，它就变成固体。

In a solid, the molecules move very little.

在固体中，分子运动很少。

Their positions are almost fixed.

他们的位置几乎是固定的。

To be fixed means that their positions don’t change.

固定意味着他们的位置不变。

If we heat the molecules, they move faster and away from each other.

如果我们加热分子，它们移动得更快，彼此远离。

The solid begins to melt, like ice cream on a hot day.

固体开始融化，就像热天的冰淇淋。

At a certain temperature, the solid begins to change into a liquid.

在一定温度下，固体开始变成液体。

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid depends on the substances.

固体变为液体的温度取决于物质。

For water, the solid begins to change into a liquid when its temperature rises to above 0 degrees Celsius.

对于水来说，当固体温度上升到0摄氏度以上时，它就开始变成液体。

For some substances, such as steel, the temperature at which it becomes a liquid is much higher.

对于某些物质，如钢，它变成液体的温度要高得多。

Steel often melts at around 1370 degrees Celsius.

钢通常在1370摄氏度左右熔化。

If we continue to heat a liquid, the molecules move even faster.

如果我们继续加热液体，分子移动得更快。

At a certain temperature, the liquid begins to change into a gas.

在一定温度下，液体开始变成气体。

For water, the liquid begins to change into a gas at 100 degrees Celsius.

对于水，液体在100摄氏度时开始变成气体。

That is the boiling point of water.

这就是水的沸点。

Inside a star, such as our Sun, the temperature is very high.

在恒星内部，比如我们的太阳，温度很高。

Everything inside the Sun is a gas.

太阳内部的一切都是气体。

According to scientists, there are over 65 elements inside the Sun.

据科学家称，太阳内部有65多种元素。

These include oxygen and iron.

其中包括氧气和铁。

Over 90 percent of the Sun is hydrogen gas.

超过90%的太阳是氢气。

听力

Listening

Test Results

测试结果

Yesterday there was an important science test.

昨天有一次重要的科学测试。

Lisa, Tom and 20 other classmates took the test.

Lisa、Tom和其他20个同学参加了考试。

The test was about the states of matter and how they are different.

测试是关于物质的状态以及它们是如何不同的。

There were 25 questions on the test, and they had 45 minutes to take it.

测试中有25个问题，他们有45分钟的时间来回答。

Here are some of the test results.

以下是一些测试结果。

Two students got perfect scores.

两个学生得了满分。

The lowest score was 68 out of a hundred.

最低的分数是68分。

The average score was 86.3.

平均分为86.3分。

Eleven students scored higher than average.

11名学生的分数高于平均分。

Eleven students had below average scores.

11名学生的分数低于平均分。

Tom missed two questions on the test, so his score was 92.

Tom在考试中漏掉了两个问题，所以他的分数是92分。

His score was the eighth highest in the class.

他的分数是全班第八名。

Lisa missed two and a half questions, so her score was 90.

Lisa漏了两个半问题，所以她的分数是90分。

Her score was the tenth highest score.

她的分数是第十名。

Her score was 4 points higher than the average score.

她的分数比平均分高4分。

Lisa was disappointed with her test results.

Lisa对她的测试结果很失望。

She studied hard for the test, but she still didn't do well.

她为了考试刻苦学习，但仍然没有考好。

As a result, she plans to study harder for the next test.

因此，她计划在下一次考试中更加努力地学习。

The next test will be in about two weeks.

下一次测试将在大约两周后进行。

Tom was surprised and happy with his test results.

Tom对他的考试成绩感到惊讶和高兴。

He didn't study hard, so his result was better than he expected.

他不太努力学习，所以他的成绩比他预期的好。

He was also happy that he did better than Lisa did.

他也很高兴自己做得比Lisa好。

词汇

Vocabulary

Emotions

情感

She is screaming because she is really scared.

她尖叫是因为她真的很害怕。

Something is chasing her so she is screaming for help.

有什么东西在追她，所以她在尖叫求救。

He is shouting because he is angry.

他因为生气而大喊大叫。

When he's really angry he often shouts like this.

当他真生气的时候，他经常这样大喊大叫。

She's sleeping because she's tired.

她睡觉是因为累了。

Last night she didn't get enough sleep, so today she has no energy.

昨晚她睡眠不足，所以今天她没有精力。

She's crying because she's sad.

她哭是因为伤心。

She got some bad news a few minutes ago.

几分钟前她收到了一些坏消息。

She's smiling because she's happy.

她笑是因为高兴。

Her boyfriend just called and he is returning from a long trip.

她男朋友刚打电话来，他要长途旅行回来了。

词汇

Vocabulary

Hobbies

业余爱好

This man is hiking up a mountain trail.

这个人正在爬山。

He is wearing hiking boots and is carrying a pack on his back.

他穿着登山靴，背着一个背包。

This man enjoys cooking.

这个人喜欢烹饪。

He attends a cooking class once a week.

他每周上一次烹饪课。

This woman enjoys gardening.

这个女人喜欢园艺。

She grows flowers, such as roses, and vegetables, such as tomatoes, in her garden.

她在花园里种花，如玫瑰，蔬菜，如西红柿。

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This boy loves playing games.

这个男孩喜欢玩游戏。

He likes all kinds of games, including this video game on his computer.

他喜欢各种各样的游戏，包括他电脑上的这个电子游戏。

This old couple enjoys traveling.

这对老夫妇喜欢旅行。

They take several trips a year, often to different countries.

他们一年有几次旅行，经常去不同的国家。

对话

Dialogue

Ready for the Meeting

准备好开会

W: Oh, there you are, finally.

W：哦，终于到了。

M: Yeah, I'm sorry.

M：是的，对不起。

W: Why are you so late? You were supposed to be here 30 minutes ago.

W：你为什么这么晚？你应该在30分钟前到这里。

M: I got on the wrong subway by mistake.

M：我上错地铁了。

W: Why didn't you call? I was really worried.

W：你为什么不打电话？我真的很担心。

M: I don't have my phone. I left it in the office because I was in such a hurry to get here.

M：我没带电话。我把它忘在办公室了，因为我太急了。

W: OK, well, you're here now. We don't have much time.

W：好吧，你现在在这儿。我们时间不多。

M: Yes, we'll have to hurry. The meeting starts in 15 minutes, right?

M：是的，我们得快点。会议15分钟后开始，对吗？

W: Yes, it's supposed to, if everyone gets here on time.

W：是的，如果每个人都准时到的话，应该是这样。

W: Did you read my presentation?

W：你看过我的报告了吗？

M: Yes, I do. It's good, but it's a bit too long. I'm afraid there won't be enough time for questions.

M：看过了。很好，但有点太长了。恐怕没有足够的时间提问。

W: Do you have any suggestions?

W：你有什么建议吗？

M: Yes, I do. I think the company introduction can be cut in half. They know what we do.

M：有。我认为公司介绍可以减半。他们知道我们在做什么。

W: OK, I won't show the video. It's about 2 minutes long.

W：好的，我不播放这个视频。它大约2分钟长。

M: That's a good idea. The video is on our website and is not that good any way.

M：好主意。视频在我们的网站上，无论如何都不太好。

W: Do you have any other suggestions?

W：你还有其他的建议吗？

M: No, I don't. I'm sure you're doing a great job. Are you ready?

M：没有了。我相信你做得很好。你准备好了吗？

W: Yes, I'm ready. The meeting room is on the 21st floor.

W：是的，我准备好了。会议室在21楼。

M: OK, let's go.

M：好的，我们走吧。

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对话

Dialogue

Discussing Test Results

讨论测试结果

Lisa: How did you do on yesterday's science test?

Lisa：你昨天的科学考试考得怎么样？

Tom: I did better than expected. How about you?

Tom：我做得比预期的好。你呢？

Lisa: I didn't do very well. I expected to do better than I did.

Lisa：我做得不太好。我希望比我预期的好。

Tom: What was your score?

Tom：你的分数是多少？

Lisa: I got a 90. What about you?

Lisa：我得了90分。那你呢？

Tom: I got a 92. I only missed two questions.

Tom：我得了92分。我只漏了两个问题。

Lisa: So you did better than I did. And I really studied for it too.

Lisa：所以你做得比我好。但我也真的学习过的。

Tom: That is a surprise. You usually do better than I do.

Tom：真是个惊喜。你通常比我做得好。

Lisa: Yes, I wasn't careful. I made one really stupid mistake.

Lisa：是的，我不小心。我犯了一个非常愚蠢的错误。

Tom: What was it?

Tom：是什么？

Lisa: I said 90% of the sun is Helium instead of Hydrogen.

Lisa：我说太阳的90%是氦而不是氢。

Tom: Wow. That was a stupid mistake.

Tom：哇。那是个愚蠢的错误。

Tom: What was the average score for the class, do you know?

Tom：你知道这门课的平均分是多少吗？

Lisa: The average score was 86.3 and the lowest was 68.

Lisa：平均分是86.3分，最低分是68分。

Tom: Do you know who got the lowest test score?

Tom：你知道谁的考试分数最低吗？

Lisa: No, I don't. I don't know who got the lowest score.

Lisa：不知道。我不知道谁的分数最低。

Tom: It's probably a secret. Did anyone get a perfect score?

Tom：这可能是个秘密。有人得了满分吗？

Lisa: I think Ada and Sanjay both got perfect scores.

Lisa：我想Ada和Sanjay都得了满分。

Tom: Yes, they always do well. I wish I were as smart as they are.

Tom：是的，他们总是考的很好。我希望我和他们一样聪明。

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