macOS包管理工具Homebrew

Homebrew 是 macOS 下的包管理工具，类似于 centos 下的 yum，ubuntu下的apt 可以很方便地进行安装/卸载/更新各种软件包，brew 官网：https://brew.sh/

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安装 Homebrew

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

卸载homeBrew

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"

brew安装软件
以 nginx 为例，执行下面命令即可，安装目录在 /usr/local/Cellar

brew install nginx

brew更新软件

brew upgrade nginx

brew卸载软件

brew remove nginx

其他命令

brew list                   # 列出当前安装的软件
brew search nginx          # 查询与 nodejs 相关的可用软件
brew info nginx            # 查询 nodejs 的安装信息

如果需要指定版本，可以在 brew search 查看有没有需要的版本，在 @ 后面指定版本号，例如 brew install thrift@0.9

$ brew list
autoconf    gdbm        libplist    mongodb     pkg-config  sqlite      xz
automake    go      libtool     nginx       python      storm       zookeeper
cmake       kibana      libusb      openssl     readline    tomcat
coreutils   libgpg-error    libyaml     openssl@1.1 redis       tree
elasticsearch   libksba     maven       pcre        ruby        usbmuxd

brew services

brew services 是一个非常强大的工具，可以用来管理各种服务的启停，有点像 linux 里面的 services，非常方便，以 elasticsearch 为例

brew install elasticsearch          # 安装 elasticsearch
brew services start elasticsearch   # 启动 elasticsearch
brew services stop elasticsearch    # 停止 elasticsearch
brew services restart elasticsearch # 重启 elasticsearch
brew services list                  # 列出当前的状态

安装elasticsearch时会告诉使用brew services start elasticsearch可以让服务在后台运行和开机自启动

 brew install elasticsearch
==> Downloading https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.4.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Caveats
Data:    /usr/local/var/lib/elasticsearch/elasticsearch_baxiang/
Logs:    /usr/local/var/log/elasticsearch/elasticsearch_baxiang.log
Plugins: /usr/local/var/elasticsearch/plugins/
Config:  /usr/local/etc/elasticsearch/

To have launchd start elasticsearch now and restart at login:
  brew services start elasticsearch
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  elasticsearch
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/elasticsearch/6.2.4: 112 files, 30.8MB, built in 13 minutes 23 seconds

查看服务状态,其中mongodb，redis开机自启动

$brew services list
Name          Status  User    Plist
elasticsearch stopped
kibana        stopped
mongodb       started baxiang /Users/baxiang/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mongodb.plist
nginx         stopped
redis         started baxiang /Users/baxiang/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist
tomcat        stopped
zookeeper     stopped

brew services 服务相关配置以及日志路径
配置路径：/usr/local/etc/

$ ls /usr/local/etc
bash_completion.d   mongod.conf     openssl@1.1     redis.conf.default
elasticsearch       nginx           redis-sentinel.conf zookeeper
kibana          openssl         redis.conf

日志路径：/usr/local/var/log

 ls /usr/local/var/log
elasticsearch   mongodb     nginx       redis.log   zookeeper